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Content may change prior to final publication. Citation information: DOI 10.1109/TG.2019.2913320, IEEE  \nTransactions on Games  \nJOURNAL OF LATEX CLASS FILES, VOL. 14, NO. 8, AUGUST 2015 1  \nInﬁnite Loot Box: A Platform for Simulating Video  \nGame Loot Boxes  \nDominic Kao  \nComputer and Information Technology  \nPurdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907  \nE-mail: [kaod@purdue.edu](kaod@purdue.edu)  \nAbstract—Loot boxes are garnering increased attention in both the industry and media. One focal point of the discussion is whether loot boxes should be considered a form of gambling [1]. While parallels can be drawn between loot boxes and random reward schedules, researchers have argued that the“gloriﬁcation” aspect of loot boxes that have heightened player awareness (e.g., opening a box, a pack of cards, or spinning a wheel) of randomness is a relatively new trend in games [2]. However, there is currently a dearth of empirical research on loot boxes. We make two contributions in this paper: 1) Inﬁnite Loot Box, an open-source Unity platform for experimenting with loot boxes created from scratch, and 2) a 2x2 experiment (high/low visual effects x high/low audial effects; N=1235). We ﬁnd that high audial effects signiﬁcantly increase the number of loot boxes opened. Neither audial nor visual effects were found to signiﬁcantly impact other variables. These contributions push forward our understanding of loot boxes and their contextual factors.  \nIndex Terms—Loot box, loot box graphics, loot box embellishment, loot box juiciness, loot box visuals, loot box audio  \nI. INTRODUCTION  \nLOOT boxes are receiving widespread interest in the  \ngames industry, in regulatory bodies, and in academic discourse. One implicit assumption underlying most discussions is that loot boxes are entirely novel. However, loot boxes can be classiﬁed under an overarching umbrella, which some researchers have termed “Random Reward Mechanisms”  \n(RRMs) [2] . RRMs have existed long before video games have appeared—e.g., chance cards in Monopoly, or the randomness in opening baseball cards and Magic: The Gathering cards. Nevertheless, researchers argue that the “gloriﬁcation” of these RRMs that have resulted in heightened player awareness of randomness is novel [2] . Moreover, researchers have long drawn comparisons between game design and slot machine design [3], [4] . For example, many of the loot boxes present in games such as Hearthstone, Overwatch, and League of Legends feature elaborate visual and audio effects (sometimes referred to as “juiciness” [5], [6]), similar to the audio-visual inundation featured in modern slot machine play. However, very few researchers have studied loot boxes, as they area relatively new incarnation of RRMs. To ﬁll this gap, we developed an open-source platform.  \nWe present two core contributions: 1) Inﬁnite Loot Box, an open-source Unity platform for experimenting with loot boxes, and 2) a 2x2 experiment (high/low visual effects x high/low audial effects; N=1235) . Our experiment had three  \nresearch questions:  \nRQ1: Do visual/audial effects translate into motivated behavior (i.e., do people exposed to higher levels of visual/audial effects open more loot boxes)?  \nRQ2: Do visual/audial effects positively impact player experience?  \nRQ3: Do visual/audial effects positively impact intrinsic motivation?  \nWe created a platform, Inﬁnite Loot Box, for experimenting with loot boxes. We then ran an experiment using Inﬁnite Loot Box, varying the degree of visual and audial effects. Overall, we found that increased audial effects signiﬁcantly increased the number of loot boxes opened. Neither audial nor visual effects were found to signiﬁcantly impact other variables.  \nII. RELATED WORK  \nA. Loot Boxes  \nA loot box is a digital container for a reward. These rewards are random in nature. Rewards can be purely cosmetic, but ","cbCaiuZEamuMtsPc","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaiuZEamuMtsPc","pdf",28751207,"English","# Introduction\n## Background and motivation\n## Contributions and research questions\n# Related Work\n## Loot Boxes\n## Key characteristics (rarity, microtransactions, random reward mechanisms)","[{\"question\":\"What is the main purpose of the Inﬁnite Loot Box platform?\",\"answer\":\"It is an open-source Unity platform designed for experimenting with loot boxes created from scratch, enabling controlled studies of loot box mechanics and effects.\"},{\"question\":\"What was tested in the 2×2 experiment?\",\"answer\":\"The experiment varied visual effects (high/low) and audial effects (high/low) to examine how each factor influences behavior and player experience variables.\"},{\"question\":\"What effect did the study find from visual and audial enhancements?\",\"answer\":\"Higher audial effects significantly increased the number of loot boxes opened, while neither audial nor visual effects were found to significantly impact the other measured variables.\"}]","Infinite Loot Box - An Open-Source Platform for Simulating Video Game Loot Boxes | PDF",18]