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This review synthesizes recent evidence on dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitors, glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists, and dual GLP-1/GIP receptor agonists across multiple malignancies. Findings suggest possible benefits, including weight reduction and metabolic regulation, but raise ongoing concerns about long-term safety. Some studies report increased thyroid and pancreatic cancer risk, while others describe protective effects against prostate, colorectal, and breast cancers, supporting the need for further long-term research and post-marketing surveillance.",{"@graph":69,"@context":123},[70,84,106],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":35,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/healthcare/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/incretin-based-therapies-and-cancer-whats-new/371446/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/incretin-based-therapies-and-cancer-whats-new/371446.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Jacob","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-31","2026-09-23",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":105},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",14,{"@type":107,"mainEntity":108},"FAQPage",[109,115,119],{"name":110,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":112},"What is the purpose of this review on incretin-based therapies and cancer?","Question",{"text":113,"@type":114},"The review synthesizes recent evidence on the relationship between incretin-based therapies and cancer risk, focusing on DPP-4 inhibitors, GLP-1 receptor agonists, and dual GLP-1/GIP receptor agonists.","Answer",{"name":116,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":117},"Which incretin-based therapy classes are examined in the literature?",{"text":118,"@type":114},"The review covers DPP-4 inhibitors, GLP-1 receptor agonists, and dual GLP-1/GIP receptor agonists, including evidence relevant to multiple malignancies.",{"name":120,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":121},"What do current findings suggest about cancer risk and safety?",{"text":122,"@type":114},"Current findings indicate potential benefits such as weight reduction and metabolic regulation, while long-term safety remains uncertain. Some studies show increased risk for thyroid and pancreatic cancers, while others report protective effects for prostate, colorectal, and breast cancers.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":125,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":127,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":129,"site_id":62},371446,1790337048,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":132},{"doc_id":129,"user_id":133,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":134,"doc_module":4,"category_id":34,"category_name":35,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":135,"file_id":136,"file_url":137,"file_type":138,"file_size":139,"view_count":105,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":140,"language":141,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":142,"faqs":143,"seo_title":144,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":145,"read_time":36},962084931830,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_a8503ba1806abce46bf441b54a3ca4cd","Review  \nIncretin-Based Therapies and Cancer: What’s New?  \nSanja Medenica 1,2,*, Jelena Bogdanovic 3,4, Jelena Vekic 5, Tanja Vojinovic 6, Ivana Babic 7, Ljiljana Bogdanovi´c 4,8, Viviana Maggio 9, Mohamed El Tanani 10 and Manfredi Rizzo 9,10  \nAcademic Editors: Åke Sjöholm and Henrik Falhammar  \nReceived: 28 February 2025  \nRevised: 28 March 2025  \nAccepted: 4 April 2025  \nPublished: 7 April 2025  \nCitation: Medenica, S.; Bogdanovic, J.; Vekic, J.; Vojinovic, T.; Babic, I.; Bogdanovi´c, L.; Maggio, V.; Tanani, M.E.; Rizzo, M. Incretin-Based Therapies and Cancer: What’s New?  \nMedicina 2025, 61, 678. [https://](https://)[ ](https://)[doi.org/10.3390/medicina61040678](doi.org/10.3390/medicina61040678)  \n[Copyright:](Copyright:) © 2025 by the authors. Published by MDPI on behalf of the Lithuanian University of Health Sciences. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license ([https://creativecommons.org/](https://creativecommons.org/)[ ](https://creativecommons.org/)[licenses/by/4.0/](licenses/by/4.0/)) .  \n1 Department of Endocrinology, Internal Medicine Clinic, Clinical Centre of Montenegro,  \n81000 Podgorica, Montenegro  \n2 Faculty of Medicine, University of Montenegro, 81000 Podgorica, Montenegro  \n3 Clinic for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, University Clinical Centre of Serbia,  \n11000 Belgrade, Serbia; [jeca.bogdanovic@yahoo.com](jeca.bogdanovic@yahoo.com)  \n4 Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; [bogdanoviclj77@gmail.com](bogdanoviclj77@gmail.com)  \n5 Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; [jelena.vekic@pharmacy.bg.ac.rs](jelena.vekic@pharmacy.bg.ac.rs)  \n6 Study Program Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Montenegro, 81000 Podgorica, Montenegro; [tanjavojinovic88@gmail.com](tanjavojinovic88@gmail.com)  \n7 Emergency Center, University Clinical Center of Serbia, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; [babicivana993@gmail.com](babicivana993@gmail.com)  \n8 Institute of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia  \n9 School of Medicine, PROMISE Department of Health Promotion Sciences Maternal and Infantile Care, Internal Medicine and Medicinal Specialties, University of Palermo, 90133 Palermo, Italy; [viviana.maggio01@unipa.it](viviana.maggio01@unipa.it) (V.M.); [manfredi.rizzo@unipa.it](manfredi.rizzo@unipa.it) (M.R.)  \n10 College of Pharmacy, Ras Al Khaimah Medical and Health Sciences University, Ras Al Khaimah P.O. Box 11127, United Arab Emirates; [eltanani@rakmhsu.ac.ae](eltanani@rakmhsu.ac.ae)  \n* [Correspondence: medenicasanja@gmail.com](Correspondence: medenicasanja@gmail.com)  \nAbstract: Growing interest in incretin-based therapies for diabetes mellitus has led to an increased evaluation of their potential effects on cancer development. This review aims to synthesize recent evidence regarding the relationship between incretin-based therapies and cancer risk. We conducted a comprehensive literature review focusing on studies investigating dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitors, glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists, and dual GLP-1/glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) receptor agonists in relation to various malignancies. Current findings suggest that while these therapies demonstrate potential benefits, including weight reduction and metabolic regulation, concerns remain regarding their long-term safety profile. Notably, some studies indicate an increased risk of thyroid and pancreatic cancers, while others report protective effects against prostate, colorectal, and breast cancers. Given the complexity of their effects, further long-term studies and post-marketing surveillance are warranted. This review highlights the need for careful clinical assessment when prescribing incretin-based therapies to patients who may be at increase","cbCain4KJK7Z9zJb","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCain4KJK7Z9zJb","pdf",331377,16,"English","# Abstract\n# Introduction","[{\"question\":\"What is the purpose of this review on incretin-based therapies and cancer?\",\"answer\":\"The review synthesizes recent evidence on the relationship between incretin-based therapies and cancer risk, focusing on DPP-4 inhibitors, GLP-1 receptor agonists, and dual GLP-1/GIP receptor agonists.\"},{\"question\":\"Which incretin-based therapy classes are examined in the literature?\",\"answer\":\"The review covers DPP-4 inhibitors, GLP-1 receptor agonists, and dual GLP-1/GIP receptor agonists, including evidence relevant to multiple malignancies.\"},{\"question\":\"What do current findings suggest about cancer risk and safety?\",\"answer\":\"Current findings indicate potential benefits such as weight reduction and metabolic regulation, while long-term safety remains uncertain. Some studies show increased risk for thyroid and pancreatic cancers, while others report protective effects for prostate, colorectal, and breast cancers.\"}]","Incretin-Based Therapies and Cancer: What’s New? | PDF",1790192095]