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The study reports syphilis incidence in Skåne, southern Sweden, from 2007–2022 to quantify disease burden, changes in risk groups, and testing routes. Both notifiable early syphilis and non-notifiable late symptomatic cases were included in a register-based analysis using Mann–Kendall trend testing. Overall incidence rose from 3.1 to 6.3 cases per 100,000, mainly driven by MSM.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":40,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/increased-transmission-and-incidence-of-syphilis-in-southern-sweden-2007-2022/439146/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/increased-transmission-and-incidence-of-syphilis-in-southern-sweden-2007-2022/439146.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Jake","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-01","2026-09-29",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":81},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"Which population and time period were analyzed for syphilis incidence?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"Incidence data were analyzed for the south Swedish region Skåne from 2007 to 2022.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"What case types were included in the study?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"Both notifiable early (notifiable) syphilis and non-notifiable late symptomatic syphilis were included.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"What statistical method was used to test trends over time?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"A Mann–Kendall trend analysis was used to determine statistical significance over time.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},439146,1790818663,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":39,"category_name":40,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":81,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":39,"language":139,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":140,"faqs":141,"seo_title":142,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":143,"read_time":46},962084928904,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_155a257f0dc6eb9ab79c44ca47cae57d","Epidemiology and Infection  \n[www.cambridge.org/hyg](www.cambridge.org/hyg)  \nOriginal Paper  \nCite this article: Winqvist N, Almqvist E, Andreasson J, Henriksson G, Hagstam P, Johnsson A and Reepalu A (2026) . Increased transmission and incidence of syphilis in southern Sweden 2007–2022. Epidemiology and Infection, 154, e1, 1–8  \n[https://doi.org/10.1017/S095026882510085X](https://doi.org/10.1017/S095026882510085X)  \nReceived: 12 September 2025  \nRevised: 25 November 2025  \nAccepted: 08 December 2025  \nKeywords:  \nSyphilis; Sweden; Epidemiology; Risk groups; sexually transmitted infections (STI); men who have sex with men (MSM)  \nCorresponding author:  \nAnton Reepalu;  \nEmail: [reepalu@hotmail.com](reepalu@hotmail.com)  \n© The Author(s), 2025 . Published by Cambridge University Press. This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution licence ([http://](http://)[ ](http://)[creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0](creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0)), which permits unrestricted re-use, distribution and reproduction, provided the original article is properly cited.  \nIncreased transmission and incidence of syphilis in southern Sweden 2007–2022  \nNiclas Winqvist1,2, Edith Almqvist1, Julia Andreasson1, Gunnel Henriksson3,4, Per Hagstam5, Annika Johnsson6 and Anton Reepalu1,2   \n1Clinical Infection Medicine, Department ofTranslational Medicine, Lund University, Sweden; 2Department for Infectious Diseases, Skåne University Hospital, Sweden; 3Department of Clinical Microbiology, Infection Prevention and Control, Skåne, Sweden; 4Division of Medical Microbiology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund Uni, Sweden; 5Regional Office of Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Region Skåne, Sweden and 6Centre for Sexual Health, Skåne University Hospital, Sweden  \nAbstract  \nSyphilis has re-emerged as a public health threat during the 21st century, and updated knowledge of the epidemic and its drivers is needed to halt this worrying development. We present data on the incidence of syphilis in the south Swedish region Skåne from 2007 to 2022 to determine the burden of disease, changes in risk groups, as well as routes for testing. To get a picture of the burden of syphilis, both early (notifiable) syphilis and cases of non-notifiable (late) symptomatic syphilis were included in this register-based study. Mann–Kendall trend analysis (MK) was used to determine statistical significance over time. In all, 584 cases of syphilis were included in the study. The overall syphilis incidence in Skåne increased from 3.1 cases/100000 population in 2007 to 6.3 in 2022 (MK z-stat: 2.57; p = 0.010) . The highest increase in absolute numbers was among men who have sex with men (MSM), from eight cases annually in 2007 to 62 in 2022, but also for heterosexually transmitted men and women, with under ten cases yearly from 2007through 2019to22 cases in2022. We also found that transmission within Sweden was common, indicating that local measures are needed to curb this epidemic.  \nBullet points  \n• The overall syphilis incidence in Skåne increased from3.1cases/100000population in2007to 6.3 in 2022 .  \n• The increase was mainly driven by men who have sex with men, but heterosexual men and women were also affected from 2020 onwards.  \n• Syphilis transmission commonly occurred within Sweden, indicating that measures to curb this epidemic need to be taken locally.  \nIntroduction  \nSyphilis has re-emerged as a public health threat in many high-income countries around the world in the first decades of the 21st century [1]. Several countries report incidence data reaching levels not seen since the 1950s [1–3] . As a consequence of increased incidence, a worrying observation is also that the number of children born with congenital syphilis has risen steeply in some countries in the European Union and in the USA, exemplified by3,700reported cases in the USA in 2022, a 1,000% increase compared with 2012 [4, 5] .  \nSyphilis, ","cbCaiqU6ziLqWsCN","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaiqU6ziLqWsCN","pdf",1801248,"English","# Abstract\n# Epidemiology and Infection\n# Keywords\n# Introduction","[{\"question\":\"Which population and time period were analyzed for syphilis incidence?\",\"answer\":\"Incidence data were analyzed for the south Swedish region Skåne from 2007 to 2022.\"},{\"question\":\"What case types were included in the study?\",\"answer\":\"Both notifiable early (notifiable) syphilis and non-notifiable late symptomatic syphilis were included.\"},{\"question\":\"What statistical method was used to test trends over time?\",\"answer\":\"A Mann–Kendall trend analysis was used to determine statistical significance over time.\"}]","Increased transmission and incidence of syphilis in southern Sweden 2007-2022 | PDF",1790687576]