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RT-PCR/qRT-PCR, cell-line demethylation with 5-aza-2′-deoxycytidine, TCGA expression comparisons, and Kaplan–Meier analyses show tumor-associated upregulation and methylation changes linked to prognosis.",{"@graph":69,"@context":115},[70,84,106],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":40,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/increased-mage-c-family-gene-expression-levels-as-a-biomarker-of-colon-cancer-through-the-demethylation-mechanism/332806/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/increased-mage-c-family-gene-expression-levels-as-a-biomarker-of-colon-cancer-through-the-demethylation-mechanism/332806.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Seraphina","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-11-04","2026-09-21",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":105},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",11,{"@type":107,"mainEntity":108},"FAQPage",[109],{"name":110,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":112},"What do the findings suggest about prognosis and promoter methylation?","Question",{"text":113,"@type":114},"Promoter methylation patterns indicate hypomethylation in cancerous tissues. 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Almutairi 1, *,†, Waad A. Alsoraie 1, Turki M. Alrubie 2, Ahmad S. Alkhaldi 1, Nada S. Alhajri 1, Monira A. Alaujan 1, Manar H. Almutairi 1 and Bader O. Almutairi 1,†  \nCitation: Almutairi, M.H.; Alsoraie, W.A.; Alrubie, T.M.; Alkhaldi, A.S.; Alhajri, N.S.; Alaujan, M.A.;  \nAlmutairi, M.H.; Almutairi, B.O. Increased MAGE-C Family Gene Expression Levels as a Biomarker of Colon Cancer Through the Demethylation Mechanism.  \nPharmaceuticals 2024, 17, 1447 .  \n[https://doi.org/10.3390/ph17111447](https://doi.org/10.3390/ph17111447)  \nAcademic Editor: Sebastiano Giallongo  \nReceived: 31 August 2024  \nRevised: 4 October 2024  \nAccepted: 17 October 2024  \nPublished: 29 October 2024  \nCopyright: © 2024 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license ([https://](https://)[ ](https://)[creativecommons.org/licenses/by/](creativecommons.org/licenses/by/)[ ](creativecommons.org/licenses/by/)[4.0/](4.0/)) .  \n1 Zoology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; [442203429@student.ksu.edu.sa](442203429@student.ksu.edu.sa) (W.A.A.); [443106654@student.ksu.edu.sa](443106654@student.ksu.edu.sa) (A.S.A.); [nada.alhajri44@gmail.com](nada.alhajri44@gmail.com) (N.S.A.); [443204206@student.ksu.edu.sa](443204206@student.ksu.edu.sa) (M.A.A.); [445205486@student.ksu.edu.sa](445205486@student.ksu.edu.sa) (M.H.A.); [bomotairi@ksu.edu.sa](bomotairi@ksu.edu.sa) (B.O.A.)  \n2 Laboratories Directorate, General Directorate of Animal Health, Ministry of Environment, Water and Agriculture, Riyadh 11195, Saudi Arabia; [talrubie@mewa.gov.sa](talrubie@mewa.gov.sa)  \n* [Correspondence: malmutari@ksu.edu.sa](Correspondence: malmutari@ksu.edu.sa)  \n† These authors contributed equally to this work.  \nAbstract: Background/Objectives: Colon cancer (CC) in Saudi Arabia is associated with a high death rate and is commonly identified at a more progressive stage. Therefore, it is critical to identify and characterize potential novel cancer-specific biomarkers to enhance early CC diagnosis. The goal was to assess their potential use as cancer biomarkers for the early detection and improvement of CC treatment. Methods: MAGE-C1, MAGE-C2, and MAGE-C3 family gene expression levels were examined using RT-PCR and qRT-PCR assays in 26 adjacent normal colon (NC) and CC tissue samples from male and female Saudi patients. Using several cell lines and the qRT-PCR technique, epigenetic control was also investigated to determine whether reduced treatment with 5-aza-2′-deoxycytidine, which reduces DNA methyltransferase, can increase the expression of the MAGE-C gene. The expression levels, promoter methylation, and prognostic significance of MAGE-C1, MAGE-C2, and MAGE-C3 genes across various cancers were analyzed using The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) data. Additionally, the prognostic significance of these genes was assessed through Kaplan–Meier survival analysis. Results: The RT-PCR results showed that MAGE-C1, MAGE-C2, and MAGE-C3 gene expressions were significantly higher in the CC and NC tissues. The MAGE-C1 expression level was the highest in CC tissues (p \u003C 0.0001), followed by MAGE-C3 (p = 0.0004) and MAGE-C2 (p = 0.0020) in descending order. The 5-aza-2′-deoxycytidine treatment significantly increased themRNA expression levels of the MAGE-C1, MAGE-C2, and MAGE-C3 genes in HCT116, Caco-2, MCF-7, and MCF-10A cells. Expression analyses of TCGA samples revealed significant upregulation of these genes in several cancer types, with notable differences between normal, tumor, and metastatic tissues. Promoter methylation indicates hypomethylation in cancerous tissues. Survival analyses show that high expression levels of MAGE-C1 correlate with better pr","cbCaipNwq3wVh130","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaipNwq3wVh130","pdf",4963830,22,"English","# Abstract\n## Introduction\n## Background and objectives\n## Methods\n## Results\n## Conclusions","[{\"question\":\"What do the findings suggest about prognosis and promoter methylation?\",\"answer\":\"Promoter methylation patterns indicate hypomethylation in cancerous tissues. Survival analysis links high MAGE-C1 expression to better outcomes, while MAGE-C3 is associated with poorer prognosis.\"}]","Increased MAGE-C Family Gene Expression Levels as a Biomarker of Colon Cancer Through the Demethylation Mechanism | PDF",1789999569,55]