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The article outlines his medical education and specialization in neurology, including residency, master’s and PhD work at Universidade de São Paulo, and subsequent postdoctoral training in neurointervention. It traces an academic career across multiple Brazilian institutions, leadership in cerebrovascular research, and contributions to clinical guidelines and consensus work, including thrombolytic use. It emphasizes his teaching, mentorship, professional ethics, public recognition, and lasting legacy through research, publications, and patient impact.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":35,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/healthcare/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/in-memoriam-in-memoriam-cesar-noronha-raffin/438592/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/in-memoriam-in-memoriam-cesar-noronha-raffin/438592.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Finn","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-09-30","2026-09-29",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":14},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"What were Cesar Noronha Raffin’s key medical training milestones?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"He graduated in Medicine in 1976, completed a neurology residency from 1976 to 1979, earned a Master’s in Neurology in 1981 and a PhD in Neurology in 1983. He also completed postdoctoral fellowships, including training in neurointervention.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"Which academic roles and responsibilities did he hold during his career?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"He progressed to full professor at Universidade Federal de Uberlândia and later served as an Assistant Professor of Neurology at Universidade Federal de Goiás. He then led cerebrovascular disease research and interventional neuroradiology departments at UNESP and worked as a neurologist and neurointerventionalist at Hospital Meridional and its medical school.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"How did he contribute to the cerebrovascular field beyond clinical work?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"He served as president of the Sociedade Brasileira de Doenças Cerebrovasculares from 2000 to 2004 and helped organize early neurology guidelines in cerebrovascular disease. He coordinated the First Brazilian Consensus on the Use of Thrombolytics in Cerebrovascular Diseases in 2002 and produced multiple publications that advanced medicine and benefited patients.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},438592,1790810859,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":34,"category_name":35,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":14,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":14,"language":139,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":140,"faqs":141,"seo_title":142,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":143,"read_time":24},34359740700684,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/avatar/1f400023980c374ae676?_k=1777273430885731487","Article published online: 2025-12-22  \nIn Memoriam 1  \nIn Memoriam: Cesar Noronha Raffin  \nRubens José Gagliardi 1  \n1 Faculty of Medical Sciences of Santa Casa de São Paulo, São Paulo SP, Brazil.  \nAddress for correspondence Rubens José Gagliardi (email: [rubensjg@apm.org.br](rubensjg@apm.org.br))  \nArq. Neuro-Psiquiatr. 2025;83(10):s00451814374 .  \nFigure 1 Professor Dr. Cesar Noronha Raffin.  \nWith deep sorrow for the loss of our great colleague and friend Cesar, we present this brief tribute, recalling some details of his academic and professional life.  \nBorn in the city of Porto Alegre, Brazil, he graduated in Medicine from Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul in 1976. He completed his residency in Neurology at the thencalled Department of Neuropsychiatry and Medical Psychology ofFaculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade deSão Paulo, from 1976 to 1979. From an early age, he expressed an interest and a vocation for academic life. He completed a Master’s degree in Medicine (Neurology) at Universidade de SãoPaulo in1981, under the guidance ofProf. Dr.Jorge Ambrust Figueiredo. He also completed his Ph.D. in Medicine (Neurology) at the same university in 1983, under the same advisor. He  \nreceived September 29, 2025 accepted  \nOctober 3, 2025  \nDOI [https://doi.org/](https://doi.org/)[ ](https://doi.org/)10.1055/s-0045-1814374 . ISSN 0004-282X.  \ncompleted a postdoctoral fellowship at the University of Miami School ofMedicine from1986to1988and another postdoctoral fellowship at the Beneficência Portuguesa de São Paulo from 2002 to 2004 in the field of Neurointervention. In 2001, he completed additional training at the International Medical School (MSc in Neurovascular III Mod. ) at the Université Paris-Sud, France, and Mahidol University, Thailand.  \nAfter this brilliant training, he pursued an academic career, consistently achieving a high level of performance. He initially transferred to the city of Uberlândia, state of Minas Gerais, where he rose through the ranks at the School of Medicine of Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, reaching the rank of full professor. He remained at this university from 1984 to 1997 . He worked at Universidade Federal de Goiás from 1997 to 1999 as an Assistant Professor of Neurology. He later transferred to the Neurology Department of Universidade Estadual Paulista “Júlio de Mesquita Filho”(UNESP), in the city of Botucatu, state ofSão Paulo, where he served as an Assistant Professor and headed the Department of Cerebrovascular Disease Research and Treatment, as well as the Department of Interventional Neuroradiology. He later transferred to the city of Vitória, state of Espírito Santo, where he worked as a Neurologist and Neurointerventionalist at the Hospital Meridional and its medical school. In these settings, he consistently demonstrated great enthusiasm for Neurology, particularly in thefieldofcerebrovascular diseases, with exemplary performance.  \nHe was president of Sociedade Brasileira de Doenças Cerebrovasculares (the Brazilian Society of Cerebrovascular Diseases) from 2000 to 2004, demonstrating excellent leadership and organizational skills. He participated in the organization of the first guidelines in Neurology, specificallyin the field of cerebrovascular diseases, as an author or coauthor in these publications, which had a significant impact on the field of Neurology. Notably, he coordinated the First Brazilian Consensus on the Use of Thrombolytics in Cerebrovascular Diseases in 2002 .1  \n© 2025 . The Author(s) .  \nThis is an open access article published by Thieme under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, permitting copying and reproduction so long as the original work is given appropriate credit ([https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/))  \nThieme Revinter Publicações Ltda. , Rua Rego Freitas, 175, loja 1, República, São Paulo, SP, CEP 01220-010, Brazil  \n2 In Memoriam  \nHe was a freq","cbCaiuugGEGJKN2m","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaiuugGEGJKN2m","pdf",383539,"English","# In Memoriam\n## Education and training\n## Academic career and leadership\n## Teaching, mentorship, and recognition\n## Research contributions and legacy\n## Data availability and conflict of interest","[{\"question\":\"What were Cesar Noronha Raffin’s key medical training milestones?\",\"answer\":\"He graduated in Medicine in 1976, completed a neurology residency from 1976 to 1979, earned a Master’s in Neurology in 1981 and a PhD in Neurology in 1983. He also completed postdoctoral fellowships, including training in neurointervention.\"},{\"question\":\"Which academic roles and responsibilities did he hold during his career?\",\"answer\":\"He progressed to full professor at Universidade Federal de Uberlândia and later served as an Assistant Professor of Neurology at Universidade Federal de Goiás. He then led cerebrovascular disease research and interventional neuroradiology departments at UNESP and worked as a neurologist and neurointerventionalist at Hospital Meridional and its medical school.\"},{\"question\":\"How did he contribute to the cerebrovascular field beyond clinical work?\",\"answer\":\"He served as president of the Sociedade Brasileira de Doenças Cerebrovasculares from 2000 to 2004 and helped organize early neurology guidelines in cerebrovascular disease. He coordinated the First Brazilian Consensus on the Use of Thrombolytics in Cerebrovascular Diseases in 2002 and produced multiple publications that advanced medicine and benefited patients.\"}]","In Memoriam - In Memoriam: Cesar Noronha Raffin | PDF",1790685816]