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This paper uses research papers as a central genre and frames them as a Quadric Writer-(Author-Author)-Reader Encounter. It proposes an analysis model, operationalizes Attribution categories and Averral categories, and links them to Writer-Author Presence and Responsibility using Discourse Unit delimitation, upgraded T-Unit, and Genette’s Paratext.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":40,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/in-attribution-and-averral-a-model-for-the-analysis-of-academic-discourse/591710/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/in-attribution-and-averral-a-model-for-the-analysis-of-academic-discourse/591710.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Dipper","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-11-05","2026-10-15",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":19},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"How does the paper relate Attribution and Averral to persuasion in academic discourse?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"It explains that academic discourse realizes persuasion through Sinclair’s Attribution and Averral, and argues that neglecting these strands weakens a text’s ability to persuade high-ranking journal stakeholders.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"What model does the paper propose for analyzing academic discourse?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"The paper proposes a model that treats research papers as a central genre and frames them as a Writer-Author-Reader encounter, then links Attribution/Averral categories to levels of Writer-Author Presence and Responsibility.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"How are the categories operationalized in the proposed model?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"The model operationalizes Attribution and Averral categories by delimiting the Discourse Unit, upgrading Hunt’s T-Unit, and drawing on Genette’s Paratext.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},591710,1792210149,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":39,"category_name":40,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":19,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":139,"language":140,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":141,"faqs":142,"seo_title":143,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":144,"read_time":145,"preview_page_count":4},1374404997633,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_a8503ba1806abce46bf441b54a3ca4cd","Writer-author  \npresence and responsibility  \nArab Journal of Applied Linguistics e-ISSN 2490-4198  \nVol. 5, No. 1, June 2020, 25-62 © AJAL  \n[http://www.arjals.com/](http://www.arjals.com/)  \nin attribution and averral: A model for the analysis of academic discourse  \nHabib Abdesslem1, King Khalid University & University of Manouba  \nAbstract  \nMetadiscourse studies, inspired by Halliday's interpersonal metafunction of language, have dominated academic discourse analysis. They tended to exclude the ideational metafunction in discourse and to reduce the reader/analyst to a concordance programme that scans texts for lists of pre-established, but not always clearly defined, linguistic features. This paper does not purport to present an alternative to metadiscourse studies. It capitalises on their findings, rehabilitates propositional content and restores the role of the reader and the analyst. It takes the research paper asthe central core genre in academic discourse (Schmied, 2014, p.11) and approaches it as a Quadric Writer-(Author-Author)-Reader Encounter. The paper proposes a model for the analysis of academic discourse. It unpacks Sinclair's (1986) Attribution, Averral dichotomy into an Attribution categories cline and an Averral categories cline and relates the categories to levels of Writer-Author Presence and Responsibility. It operationalises the Attribution categories and Averral categories it defines by delimiting the Discourse Unit constituting them. To achieve this delimitation, it upgrades Hunt's (1965) T-Unit and draws on Genette's (1997) Paratext. Because the paper targets academics, irrespective of their specialism, it chose to accompany the model it proposes by illustrative analyses of discourse samples from research papers dealing with issues in academic writing and publication.  \nKeywords: Academic Discourse; Attribution; Averral; Discourse Unit; Genre, Paratext; T-Unit.  \n[1](1 . habdessalem@kku.edu.sa)[ . habdessalem@kku.edu.sa](1 . habdessalem@kku.edu.sa)  \nIntroduction  \nArticulating and integrating other authors’ words and ideas while developing one's views and anticipating and reacting to counter arguments pervade academic discourse. These complex persuasion strategies are realised through what Sinclair (1986) called Attribution (of content to source) and Averral (no attribution of content to source) . Subsequent to Sinclair's dichotomy, attempts at accounting for Attribution categories and Averral categories have been made (e.g., Charles, 2006; Tadros, 1993; Thompson, 1996; Rouissi, 2013), but there has been little consensus on their definition, number, or function. Metadiscourse studies, which have dominated the scene in academic discourse analysis for more than thirty years, define metadiscourse as discourse minus content (Hyland, 2017, pp. 17-18) . This conception has severed the ideational level from the interpersonal level in discourse and has inadvertently contributed to turning many researchers' attention away from Attribution and Averral.  \nHowever, a typescript that does not weave strands of Attribution and Averral hardly stands a chance of persuading high ranking journals' editors, reviewers, and peers of its worth. I present in this paper a model for the analysis of academic discourse. I propose an Attribution categories cline and an Averral categories cline and relate the categories chiefly to Writer-Author levels of Presence and Responsibility. I define the Discourse Unit constituting Attribution categories and Averral categories and suggest procedures that can help researchers account for the flow of discourse in different academic genres and part-genres.  \nBackground  \nThe view that academic discourse has to be impersonal and faceless goes back to the heydays of positivism in the 1920s, for which scientific knowledge is the outcome of empirical evidence derived essentially from sensory experience and represented in verifiable, truth-contingent propositions (Ayer, 1936) . Advocates of pos","cbCaivNxTgC2yz6H","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaivNxTgC2yz6H","pdf",788149,38,"English","# Introduction\n# Background","[{\"question\":\"How does the paper relate Attribution and Averral to persuasion in academic discourse?\",\"answer\":\"It explains that academic discourse realizes persuasion through Sinclair’s Attribution and Averral, and argues that neglecting these strands weakens a text’s ability to persuade high-ranking journal stakeholders.\"},{\"question\":\"What model does the paper propose for analyzing academic discourse?\",\"answer\":\"The paper proposes a model that treats research papers as a central genre and frames them as a Writer-Author-Reader encounter, then links Attribution/Averral categories to levels of Writer-Author Presence and Responsibility.\"},{\"question\":\"How are the categories operationalized in the proposed model?\",\"answer\":\"The model operationalizes Attribution and Averral categories by delimiting the Discourse Unit, upgrading Hunt’s T-Unit, and drawing on Genette’s Paratext.\"}]","in attribution and averral: A model for the analysis of academic discourse | PDF",1792073040,96]