[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"doc-detail-125097-en":3,"doc-seo-125097-105":30,"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":91},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",{"doc_id":7,"user_id":8,"nickname":9,"user_avatar":10,"doc_module":4,"category_id":11,"category_name":12,"doc_title":13,"doc_description":14,"doc_content":15,"file_id":16,"file_url":17,"file_type":18,"file_size":19,"view_count":4,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":20,"is_downloadable":20,"audit_status":20,"page_count":21,"language":22,"language_code":23,"site_id":24,"html_lang":23,"table_of_contents":25,"faqs":26,"seo_title":27,"seo_description":14,"update_tm":28,"read_time":29},125097,687197207639,"Asher","https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_a8503ba1806abce46bf441b54a3ca4cd",8,"Research & Report","Improving Ocean Chlorophyll Estimation in Satellite Hyperspectral Images Using Ensemble Machine Learning - Master Thesis","Chlorophyll is used to monitor coastal water quality, but traditional fluorescence-based measurements are costly and require long in-situ campaigns. Hyperspectral imagery from space-borne sensors, such as HYPSO-1, enables a more practical alternative by allowing surface reflectance retrieval after atmospheric effects from aerosols and molecules are removed. This thesis addresses chlorophyll estimation using HYPSO-1 surface reflectance by implementing the 6SV1 radiative transfer model, classifying ocean pixels, selecting reflectance features correlated with measured chlorophyll, and combining fine-tuned features with regression and ensemble machine learning to identify the best performance.","Master in Computational Colour and Spectral Imaging (COSI)  \nImproving Ocean Chlorophyll Estimation in Satellite Hyperspectral Images Using Ensemble Machine Learning  \nMaster Thesis  \nPresented by  \nAlvaro Flores-Romero  \nand defended at the  \nNorwegian University of Science and Technology September 2023  \nAcademic Supervisor(s): Dr. Sivert Bakken and Dr. Steven Yves Le Moan Jury Committee:  \n1. Dr. Markku Keinänen  \n2. Dr. Jacob Bauer  \nSubmission of the thesis: 9th August 2023  \nDay of the oral defense: 4th September 2023  \nAbstract  \nChlorophyll can be used as a convenient way to study and monitor water quality in coastal regions. Traditional techniques to measure chlorophyll, such as fluorescence analysis, are expensive and time-consuming, as they require in situlong lasting campaigns. The use of high-frequency spectral images taken from space-borne imagers, such as the one in the HYPSO-1 mission, has become a more feasible alternative around the world. Although it is challenging, it is possible to retrieve surface reflectance from a hyperspectral imager after removing the atmospheric effects by aerosols and molecules.  \nThis work addresses the problem of chlorophyll estimation with the surface reflectance of HYPSO-1 spectral images. First, a radiative transfer model of the 6SV1 algorithm was implemented for the first time on this small satellite so that the reflectance could be obtained from a spectral image. Second, pixels were classified to uniquely study those corresponding to ocean regions. Third, reflectance features that were highly correlated with measured chlorophyll concentrations were selected to improve the estimation process. Finally, fine-tuned features were combined with linear and polynomial regression, as well as ensemble machine learning techniques to identify the best performance of different approaches.  \nAfter atmospheric correction, it was possible to classify water pixels based on reflectance with a 98.3% accuracy, which is a useful method to overcome the problem of inconsistent telemetry data. Selecting the most appropriate features enhanced the performance of the model. The proposed \"voting\" ensemble machine learning approach performed better than traditional empirical methods, which was validated by using BOA reflectance measurements from the GLORIA dataset. Therefore, we can conclude that the concentration of ocean chlorophyll can be reliably estimated using hyperspectral images from the HYPSO-1 satellite.  \nII  \nDedication  \nTo my mom, dad and brother. They showed me that love can withstand the distance.  \nNot to us, Oh Lord, not to us but to your name be the glory  \nPs. 115:1 (Vulgate 113:9)  \nIV  \nAcknowledgment  \nI would like to express my deepest gratitude to Dr. Steven Le Moan and Dr. Sivert Bakken, as I consider myself very lucky for having their support and expertise.  \nI am deeply grateful to Dr. Joseph Garrett for his support in allowing me to investigate novel concepts and, most significantly, for his continued enthusiasm throughout the course of my thesis.  \nLastly, I would like to thank the European Union and the coordinators and professors from the Norwegian University of Science and Technology, the University of Granada, and the University of Eastern Finland for supporting my professional growth in a rigorous scientific program.  \nVI  \nAcronyms  \n6SV1-Second Simulation of a Satellite Signal in the Solar Spectrum Vector  \nANN-Artificial Neural Networks AOD-Aerosol Optical Depth AOT-Aerosol Optical Thickness BOA-Bottom Of Atmosphere  \nCNN-Convolutional Neural Networks  \nCRS-Coordinate Reference System CZCS-Coastal Zone Color Scanner DEM-Digital Elevation Model DL-Deep Learning  \nEM-Electromagnetic Radiation ESA-European Space Agency FOV-Field Of View  \nFWHM-Full Width Half-Maximun  \nFIFOV-Ground Instantaneous Field Of View GCP-Ground Control Points  \nHAB-Harmful Algal Blooms HSI-Hyperspectral Imaging IFOV-Instantaneous Field Of View IOP-Inherent Optical Properties IR-Infrared  \nLR-Lo","cbCainaM3g3yNzS4","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCainaM3g3yNzS4","pdf",23871926,1,124,"English","en",105,"# Abstract\n## Motivation and background\n## Methodology\n## Results and conclusions\n# Dedication\n# Acknowledgment\n# Acronyms","[{\"question\":\"Why is chlorophyll important for coastal water monitoring?\",\"answer\":\"Chlorophyll serves as a convenient indicator for studying and monitoring water quality in coastal regions.\"},{\"question\":\"How does the thesis obtain surface reflectance from HYPSO-1 hyperspectral images?\",\"answer\":\"It implements the 6SV1 radiative transfer model to retrieve reflectance after removing atmospheric effects from aerosols and molecules.\"},{\"question\":\"What approach improves chlorophyll estimation in the proposed work?\",\"answer\":\"The work selects highly correlated reflectance features and combines fine-tuned features with regression and ensemble machine learning, using a voting ensemble method for best performance.\"}]","Improving Ocean Chlorophyll Estimation in Satellite Hyperspectral Images Using Ensemble Machine Learning - Master Thesis | PDF",1785896618,312,{"code":4,"msg":31,"data":32},"ok",{"site_id":24,"language":23,"slug":33,"title":13,"keywords":34,"description":14,"schema_data":35,"social_meta":86,"head_meta":88,"extra_data":90,"updated_unix":28},"improving-ocean-chlorophyll-estimation-in-satellite-hyperspectral-images-using-ensemble-machine-learning-master-thesis","",{"@graph":36,"@context":85},[37,54,68],{"@type":38,"itemListElement":39},"BreadcrumbList",[40,44,48,51],{"item":41,"name":42,"@type":43,"position":20},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":45,"name":46,"@type":43,"position":47},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/","Document",2,{"item":49,"name":12,"@type":43,"position":50},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/",3,{"item":52,"name":13,"@type":43,"position":53},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/improving-ocean-chlorophyll-estimation-in-satellite-hyperspectral-images-using-ensemble-machine-learning-master-thesis/125097/",4,{"url":52,"name":13,"@type":55,"author":56,"headline":13,"publisher":58,"fileFormat":61,"inLanguage":23,"description":14,"dateModified":62,"datePublished":62,"encodingFormat":61,"isAccessibleForFree":63,"interactionStatistic":64},"DigitalDocument",{"name":9,"@type":57},"Person",{"url":41,"name":59,"@type":60},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-08-05",true,{"@type":65,"interactionType":66,"userInteractionCount":4},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":67},"ViewAction",{"@type":69,"mainEntity":70},"FAQPage",[71,77,81],{"name":72,"@type":73,"acceptedAnswer":74},"Why is chlorophyll important for coastal water monitoring?","Question",{"text":75,"@type":76},"Chlorophyll serves as a convenient indicator for studying and monitoring water quality in coastal regions.","Answer",{"name":78,"@type":73,"acceptedAnswer":79},"How does the thesis obtain surface reflectance from HYPSO-1 hyperspectral images?",{"text":80,"@type":76},"It implements the 6SV1 radiative transfer model to retrieve reflectance after removing atmospheric effects from aerosols and molecules.",{"name":82,"@type":73,"acceptedAnswer":83},"What approach improves chlorophyll estimation in the proposed work?",{"text":84,"@type":76},"The work selects highly correlated reflectance features and combines fine-tuned features with regression and ensemble machine learning, using a voting ensemble method for best performance.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":52,"og:type":87,"og:title":13,"og:site_name":59,"og:description":14},"article",{"robots":89,"canonical":52},"index,follow",{"doc_id":7,"site_id":24},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":92},[93,97,101,105,110,115,120,123,128,131,135],{"id":20,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":94,"show_sort_weight":95,"slug":96},"Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":47,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":98,"show_sort_weight":99,"slug":100},"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":53,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":102,"show_sort_weight":103,"slug":104},"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":106,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":107,"show_sort_weight":108,"slug":109},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":111,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":112,"show_sort_weight":113,"slug":114},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":116,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":117,"show_sort_weight":118,"slug":119},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":11,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":12,"show_sort_weight":121,"slug":122},30,"research-report",{"id":124,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":125,"show_sort_weight":126,"slug":127},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":126,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":129,"show_sort_weight":126,"slug":130},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":132,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":133,"show_sort_weight":132,"slug":134},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":136,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":137,"show_sort_weight":106,"slug":138},19,"General","general"]