[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":3,"doc-seo-178714-105":59,"doc-detail-178714-en":130},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",[7,13,18,23,28,33,38,43,48,51,55],{"id":8,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":10,"show_sort_weight":11,"slug":12},1,"Document","Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":14,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":15,"show_sort_weight":16,"slug":17},2,"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":19,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":20,"show_sort_weight":21,"slug":22},4,"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":24,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":25,"show_sort_weight":26,"slug":27},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":29,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":30,"show_sort_weight":31,"slug":32},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":34,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":35,"show_sort_weight":36,"slug":37},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":39,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":40,"show_sort_weight":41,"slug":42},8,"Research & Report",30,"research-report",{"id":44,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":45,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":47},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":46,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":49,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":50},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":52,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":53,"show_sort_weight":52,"slug":54},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":56,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":57,"show_sort_weight":24,"slug":58},19,"General","general",{"code":4,"msg":60,"data":61},"ok",{"site_id":62,"language":63,"slug":64,"title":65,"keywords":66,"description":67,"schema_data":68,"social_meta":123,"head_meta":125,"extra_data":127,"updated_unix":129},105,"en","improving-analytical-reasoning-evaluating-a-12-week-argument-visualization-seminar","Improving Analytical Reasoning - Evaluating a 12-Week Argument Visualization Seminar","","The document investigates how to strengthen students’ analytical-reasoning by directly targeting argument structure. It evaluates a 12-week undergraduate seminar in which students used a software technique to visualize logical structures embedded in argumentative texts. Students met weekly to analyze excerpts from contemporary analytic philosophy papers, completed argument-visualization problem sets, and received individualized feedback. Results show seminar students outperformed control students on LSAT Logical Reasoning forms and produced final essays rated higher by blind scoring, with improvements also reflected in structure, accuracy, and understanding.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":40,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/improving-analytical-reasoning-evaluating-a-12-week-argument-visualization-seminar/178714/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/improving-analytical-reasoning-evaluating-a-12-week-argument-visualization-seminar/178714.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"วิน","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-08","2026-09-02",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":24},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"What key question does the study address about analytical reasoning?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"Which pedagogical approaches most effectively cultivate analytical-reasoning skills beyond modest gains from standard university education.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"How was the 12-week seminar structured and what did students do?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"Students met weekly to analyze argumentative texts from analytic philosophy, practiced software-based argument visualization problem sets, and received individualized weekly feedback.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"What evidence shows the seminar improved students’ analytical reasoning?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"Seminar students improved substantially more on LSAT Logical Reasoning test forms than controls, and blind scoring showed large essay differences favoring seminar students.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},178714,1790377848,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":39,"category_name":40,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":24,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":29,"language":139,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":140,"faqs":141,"seo_title":142,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":143,"read_time":144},2336475104736,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/avatar/22000c4c5e0e5b17e70?x-image-process=image/resize,m_fixed,w_180,h_180&k=1786591360781797222","|  | The ability to analyze arguments is critical for higher-level reasoning, yet previous research suggests that standard university education provides only modest improvements in students’ analytical-reasoning abilities. What pedagogical approaches are most effective for cultivating these skills? We investigated the effectiveness of a 12-week undergraduate seminar in which students practiced a software-based technique for visualizing the logical structures implicit in argumentative texts. Seminar students met weekly to analyze excerpts from contemporary analytic philosophy papers, completed argument visualization problem sets, and received individualized feedback on a weekly basis. We found that seminar students improved substantially more on LSAT Logical Reasoning test forms than did control students (d = 0.71, 95% CI: [0.37, 1.04], p \u003C 0.001), suggesting that learning how to visualize arguments in the seminar led to large generalized improvements in students’ analytical-reasoning skills. Moreover, blind scoring of final essays from seminar students and control students, drawn from a parallel lecture course, revealed large differences in favor of seminar students (d = 0.87, 95% CI: [0.26, 1.48], p = 0.005) . Seminar students understood the arguments better, and their essays were more accurate and effectively structured Taken together, these findings deepen our understanding of how visualizations |  |\n| --- | --- | --- |\n|  |  |  |\n|  |  |  |\n|  |  |  |\n|  |  |  |\n|  |  |  |\n|  |  |  |\n|  |  |  |\n|  |  |  |\n|  |  |  |\n|  |  |  |\n| .\u003Cbr>support logical reasoning and provide a model for improving analytical-reasoning pedagogy. |  |  |\n|  | npj Science of Learning (2018)3:21 ; doi:10.1038/s41539-018-0038-5 |  |\n|  |  |  |\n\n| Table 1. Descriptive statistics for essays from Seminar students (N = 15) and Control students (N = 44)\u003Cbr>Group M SD SE |  |  |  |  |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |\n| (a) Structure\u003Cbr>(b) Accuracy\u003Cbr>(c) Understanding\u003Cbr>(d) Grade point | Seminar\u003Cbr>Control\u003Cbr>Seminar\u003Cbr>Control\u003Cbr>Seminar\u003Cbr>Control\u003Cbr>Seminar\u003Cbr>Control | 6.7\u003Cbr>5.3\u003Cbr>6.9\u003Cbr>5.5\u003Cbr>7.5\u003Cbr>5.8\u003Cbr>3.5\u003Cbr>3.0 | 1.4\u003Cbr>2.0\u003Cbr>1.6\u003Cbr>2.0\u003Cbr>1.1\u003Cbr>1.8\u003Cbr>0.3\u003Cbr>0.6 | 0.4\u003Cbr>0.3\u003Cbr>0.4\u003Cbr>0.3\u003Cbr>0.3\u003Cbr>0.3\u003Cbr>0.1\u003Cbr>0.1 |\n\n\n| Table 2. Effect sizes (Cohen’s d) and t-tests for differences between Seminar and Control students’ essays |  |  |  |  |  |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |\n|  | t | p | d | 95% CI for d |  |\n|  |  |  |  | Low | High |\n| (a) Structure | 2.5 | .014 | 0.76 | 0.16 | 1.36 |\n| (b) Accuracy | 2.5 | .017 | 0.74 | 0.13 | 1.33 |\n| (c) Understanding | 3.2 | .002 | 0.97 | 0.35 | 1.57 |\n| (d) Grade point | 3.3 | .002 | 0.97 | 0.36 | 1.58 |","cbCaiquYtay1gPgS","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaiquYtay1gPgS","pdf",1649937,"English","# Study Overview\n## Intervention Design (12-Week Seminar)\n## Weekly Training Activities\n## Outcomes and Effect Sizes\n## Essay Scoring and Results\n# Descriptive Statistics and Effect Sizes\n## Table 1: Essay Descriptives\n## Table 2: Effect Sizes and t-Tests","[{\"question\":\"What key question does the study address about analytical reasoning?\",\"answer\":\"Which pedagogical approaches most effectively cultivate analytical-reasoning skills beyond modest gains from standard university education.\"},{\"question\":\"How was the 12-week seminar structured and what did students do?\",\"answer\":\"Students met weekly to analyze argumentative texts from analytic philosophy, practiced software-based argument visualization problem sets, and received individualized weekly feedback.\"},{\"question\":\"What evidence shows the seminar improved students’ analytical reasoning?\",\"answer\":\"Seminar students improved substantially more on LSAT Logical Reasoning test forms than controls, and blind scoring showed large essay differences favoring seminar students.\"}]","Improving Analytical Reasoning - Evaluating a 12-Week Argument Visualization Seminar | PDF",1788333100,15]