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Summarizes outcomes of World War I, including Ottoman defeat and administration under the League of Nations, with emphasis on rich oil reserves. Details British, French, Russian, and German aims—such as control of the Suez Canal, mandates in Mesopotamia and Palestine, Russian access to Constantinople/Istanbul, and the Berlin-to-Baghdad railroad. Reviews Britain–Russia conflicts and spheres of influence, plus League of Nations mandates and related regional independence timelines.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":20,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/exam/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/imperialism-in-the-middle-east-and-southwest-asia-handout/614415/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/imperialism-in-the-middle-east-and-southwest-asia-handout/614415.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Mabel","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-11-04","2026-10-19",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":34},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"Which region does the handout define as the focus of imperialism?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"It describes a diverse region stretching from the eastern Mediterranean coast to the Indus valley, including Afghanistan, Persia (Iran), and the Turkish empire.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"What were key British interests in the region?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"British interests included the Suez Canal (with short-route value and canal control until the 1960s) and mandates after World War I under the League of Nations, covering places such as Mesopotamia (Iraq), Palestine (Israel), Transjordan (Jordan), and Kuwait.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"What conflict is discussed between Great Britain and Russia?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"Russia attempted to move into Afghanistan, India (including Pakistan), and Persia (Iran), while the handout explains a 1907 compromise over Persia, dividing influence into Russian northern and British southeastern spheres with a middle “no man’s land.”","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},614415,1792719845,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":19,"category_name":20,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":34,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":19,"language":139,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":140,"faqs":141,"seo_title":142,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":143,"read_time":52,"preview_page_count":4},7971474920318,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/avatar/74000ee537e6b0ca360?x-image-process=image/resize,m_fixed,w_180,h_180&k=1788430171632181674","Slide 1  \nSlide 2  \nSlide 3  \nGEOGRAPHY  \n􀂅 Diverse region stretching around the eastern Mediterranean coast to the Indus valley  \n􀂅 Includes Afghanistan, Persia (Iran), and the Turkish empire  \n􀂆 Ottoman Turks defeated in World War I  \n􀂄 Ottoman lands administered by the League of Nations  \n􀂅 Rich oil reserves  \n\n| BRITISH INTERESTS |\n| --- |\n| 􀂅 Suez Canal in Egypt, 1869\u003Cbr>􀂆 Short route between Mediterranean Sea and Indian Ocean\u003Cbr>􀂆 Egypt independent from Great Britain in 1922\u003Cbr>􀂄 But British controlled canal until 1960s\u003Cbr>􀂅 Mandates following World War I – under the League of Nations\u003Cbr>􀂆 Mesopotamia – Iraq\u003Cbr>􀂆 Palestine – Israel\u003Cbr>􀂄 Included Transjordan (Jordan)\u003Cbr>􀂅 Kuwait\u003Cbr>􀂆 Declared by invading Britons after World War I to be an“independent sheikdom under British protectorate”\u003Cbr>􀂆 Independent in 1961 |\n\nSlide 4  \nSlide 5  \nSlide 6  \n\n| FRENCH INTERESTS |  |\n| --- | --- |\n| 􀂅 French mandates (1923-1944) under the League of Nations |  |\n| 􀂆 Syria\u003Cbr>􀂆 Lebanon | |\n\nRUSSIAN INTERESTS  \n􀂅 Russians (Soviets after 1917) sought control of Constantinople (Istanbul)  \n􀂆 Warm-water port linking the Black Sea to the Mediterranean Sea  \n􀂅 Acquisition and control of territory in Caucasus and  \nCentral Asia  \nIstanbul, 1922  \nSlide 7  \nSlide 8  \nSlide 9  \n\n| GERMAN INTERESTS |  |\n| --- | --- |\n| 􀂅 Berlin-to-Baghdad Railroad\u003Cbr>􀂆 If thoroughly completed, it would have allowed transport from Germany, through Iraqi oil fields, to port on the Persian Gulf\u003Cbr>􀂆 Route completed between Berlin and Baghdad by |  |\n| | |\n\nCONFLICTS BETWEEN GREAT BRITAIN AND RUSSIA  \n􀂅 Russia attempted moving into Afghanistan, India (Pakistan), and Persia (Iran)  \n􀂅 Afghanistan – ruled by Great Britain until independent in 1919  \n􀂅 India (including Pakistan)– ruled by Great Britain until independent in 1947  \n􀂅 1907 – compromise over Persia (Iran)  \n􀂆 Northern third – Russian sphere of influence  \n􀂆 Southeastern third – British sphere of influence  \n􀂆 Remaining middle third – “no man’s land”  \n􀂆 Never colonized but lost territory to Russia and Britain during the Qajar era (1794-1925)  \nSlide 10  \n\n| Review Questions |\n| --- |\n| 􀂅 What two native empires ruled the Middle East and southwestern Asia in the nineteenth century?\u003Cbr>􀂅 What natural resource of this region was of most interest to foreign imperialist powers?\u003Cbr>􀂅 What foreign powers held control in this region under mandates granted by the League of Nations? |\n\n\n|  |\n| --- |\n|  |\n|  |\n\n\n|  |\n| --- |\n|  |","cbCailYMOdTSoapA","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCailYMOdTSoapA","pdf",223250,"English","# Geography\n## British interests\n## French interests\n## Russian interests\n## German interests\n## Conflicts between Great Britain and Russia\n# Review questions","[{\"question\":\"Which region does the handout define as the focus of imperialism?\",\"answer\":\"It describes a diverse region stretching from the eastern Mediterranean coast to the Indus valley, including Afghanistan, Persia (Iran), and the Turkish empire.\"},{\"question\":\"What were key British interests in the region?\",\"answer\":\"British interests included the Suez Canal (with short-route value and canal control until the 1960s) and mandates after World War I under the League of Nations, covering places such as Mesopotamia (Iraq), Palestine (Israel), Transjordan (Jordan), and Kuwait.\"},{\"question\":\"What conflict is discussed between Great Britain and Russia?\",\"answer\":\"Russia attempted to move into Afghanistan, India (including Pakistan), and Persia (Iran), while the handout explains a 1907 compromise over Persia, dividing influence into Russian northern and British southeastern spheres with a middle “no man’s land.”\"}]","Imperialism in the Middle East and Southwest Asia - Handout | PDF",1792387513]