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Eleven consecutive patients undergoing phrenic nerve removal were compared between reconstruction and nonreconstruction groups. Respiratory function, inspiratory/expiratory diaphragm movement distance, and inspiratory/expiratory lung area ratios were quantified on chest X-ray and compared over follow-up intervals. Reconstruction improved diaphragmatic motion and key respiratory outcomes, supporting graft-based repair.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":40,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/impact-of-phrenic-nerve-repair-using-intercostal-nerve-graft-on-diaphragm-function-after-thoracic-tumour-resection/446963/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/impact-of-phrenic-nerve-repair-using-intercostal-nerve-graft-on-diaphragm-function-after-thoracic-tumour-resection/446963.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Alexandar","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-09-30","2026-09-29",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":14},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"What clinical question does the study address?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"Whether phrenic nerve repair using an intercostal nerve graft affects postoperative diaphragmatic motion and respiratory function after thoracic tumour resection.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"How were patients grouped in the study?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"Eleven consecutive patients who underwent thoracic tumour resection with phrenic nerve removal were divided into a reconstruction group (n=8) and a nonreconstruction group (n=3).",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"What were the main findings regarding respiratory outcomes?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"The reconstruction group showed improved postoperative respiratory measures, including higher %VC and %FEV1 at 4–6 months, along with greater diaphragmatic movement and improved lung area ratios.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},446963,1790800839,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":39,"category_name":40,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":14,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":39,"language":139,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":140,"faqs":141,"seo_title":142,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":143,"read_time":46},962090768658,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_6f874abed73319feea01a86fa6f0fab8","Interdisciplinary CardioVascular and Thoracic Surgery 2026, 41(1), ivaf302 ORIGINAL ARTICLE  \n[https://doi.org/10.1093/icvts/ivaf302](https://doi.org/10.1093/icvts/ivaf302) Advance Access publication 14 December 2025  \nCite this article as: Isaka T, Sueishi Y, Takada I, Matsuyama R, Kanno C, Nagashima T et al. Impact of Phrenic Nerve Repair Using Intercostal Nerve Graft on Diaphragm Function after Thoracic Tumour Resection. Interdiscip CardioVasc Thorac Surg 2026; doi:10.1093/icvts/ivaf302.  \nImpact of Phrenic Nerve Repair Using Intercostal Nerve Grafton Diaphragm Function after Thoracic Tumour Resection  \nTetsuya Isaka 􀀃 ,1; Yui Sueishi1; Ikki Takada1; Ryotaro Matsuyama1; Chiaki Kanno1; Takuya Nagashima1; Kota Washimi2; Seigo Katakura3; Shuji Murakami3; Haruhiro Saito3; Hiroyuki Ito1  \n1 Department of Thoracic Surgery, Kanagawa Cancer Center, Yokohama, Kanagawa 241-8515, Japan 2 Department of Pathology, Kanagawa Cancer Center, Yokohama, Kanagawa 241-8515, Japan 3 Department of Thoracic Oncology, Kanagawa Cancer Center, Yokohama, Kanagawa 241-8515, Japan  \n􀀃 Corresponding author. Department of Thoracic Surgery, Kanagawa Cancer Center, 2-3-2 Nakao, Asahi, Yokohama, Kanagawa 241-8515, Japan ([l401092k@yahoo.co.jp](l401092k@yahoo.co.jp)).  \nReceived: August 31, 2025; Revised: November 20, 2025; Accepted: December 1, 2025  \nGraphical abstract  \nTHORACIC ONCOLOGY  \nAbstract  \nObjectives: This retrospective study investigated whether phrenic nerve repair with intercostal nerve graft affects postoperative diaphragmatic motion and respiratory function after thoracic tumour resection.  \n© The Author(s) 2025. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the European Association for Cardio-Thoracic Surgery.  \nThis is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License ([https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/)), which permits unrestricted reuse, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.  \n2 Interdisciplinary CardioVascular and Thoracic Surgery, 2026, Volume 41, Issue 1  \nMethods: We included 11 consecutive patients (reconstruction group: n ¼ 8; nonreconstruction group: n ¼ 3) who underwent thoracic tumour resection with phrenic nerve removal between October 2023 and March 2025. In the reconstruction group, the intercostal and phrenic nerves were connected end-to-end using 5-0 or 6-0 Prolene sutures. Postoperative respiratory function, inspiratory/expiratory diaphragm movement distance (IEDD), and inspiratory/expiratory lung area (IEA) ratio on chest X-ray were measured using SYNAPSE VINCENT and compared between the 2 groups.  \nResults: No significant differences in age, sex, and side of phrenic nerve resected were observed between the 2 groups. IEDD ≥10 mm within 1 month postoperatively was seen in 4 (50%) patients in the reconstruction group. Mean IEDD on X-ray was 19.8 mm vs 4.1 mm (P ¼ .013) at 1-3 months and 19.8 mm vs 4.4 mm (P ¼ .031) at 4-6 months for the reconstruction and nonreconstruction groups, respectively. Mean IEA ratios were 1.16 vs 1.04 (P ¼ .026) at 1-3 months and 1.19 vs 1.05 (P ¼ .031) at 4-6 months, respectively. Postoperative respiratory function showed higher %VC (78% vs 56%, P ¼ .008) and %FEV1 (72% vs 45%, P \u003C .001) in the reconstruction group at 4-6 months.  \nConclusions: Phrenic nerve repair with intercostal nerve graft mitigated diaphragmatic dysfunction and maintained postoperative respiratory function after phrenic nerve resection.  \nClinical Registration Number: 2024 Eki-102.  \nKeywords: phrenic nerve reconstruction; intercostal nerve grafting; diaphragm movement; respiratory function.  \nINTRODUCTION  \nThe diaphragm is the primary muscle responsible for respiration and is innervated by the phrenic nerve.1 During thoracic tumour resection, phrenic nerve palsy leading to diaphragmatic dysfunction occurs in approximately 2% of thymoma surgeries2 and 7% of lung can","cbCaiu9jHVBeusZa","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaiu9jHVBeusZa","pdf",1406746,"English","# Abstract\n# Introduction\n# Methods\n## Patients and phrenic nerve reconstruction\n# Results\n# Conclusions","[{\"question\":\"What clinical question does the study address?\",\"answer\":\"Whether phrenic nerve repair using an intercostal nerve graft affects postoperative diaphragmatic motion and respiratory function after thoracic tumour resection.\"},{\"question\":\"How were patients grouped in the study?\",\"answer\":\"Eleven consecutive patients who underwent thoracic tumour resection with phrenic nerve removal were divided into a reconstruction group (n=8) and a nonreconstruction group (n=3).\"},{\"question\":\"What were the main findings regarding respiratory outcomes?\",\"answer\":\"The reconstruction group showed improved postoperative respiratory measures, including higher %VC and %FEV1 at 4–6 months, along with greater diaphragmatic movement and improved lung area ratios.\"}]","Impact of Phrenic Nerve Repair Using Intercostal Nerve Graft on Diaphragm Function after Thoracic Tumour Resection | PDF",1790717959]