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Construct validity is examined with exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses. Reliability is assessed using Cronbach’s alpha and a test-retest approach, while distinctiveness is evaluated via the difference between the minimum 27% and maximum 27%. Correlation analyses show positive relations among scale sub-dimensions and overall scores (p \u003C 0.05).",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":40,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/impact-of-music-in-sportive-activities-scale-imsas-validity-and-reliability-assessment/590893/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/impact-of-music-in-sportive-activities-scale-imsas-validity-and-reliability-assessment/590893.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Stanford","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-29","2026-10-15",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":34},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"What is the main purpose of this research paper?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"To develop and validate the Impact of Music in Sportive Activities Scale (IMSAS) for measuring the impact of music on sportive activities.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"How was construct validity tested?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"Through exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"Which methods were used to assess reliability?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"Cronbach’s alpha for internal consistency and the test-retest method for stability.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},590893,1792190844,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":39,"category_name":40,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":34,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":39,"language":139,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":140,"faqs":141,"seo_title":142,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":143,"read_time":46,"preview_page_count":4},2336477552062,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_994ba38a5ba835b3df7d355c54d3ed8d","African Educational Research Journal Vol. 8(2), pp. 297-304, June 2020  \nDOI: 10. 30918/AERJ.82.20.071 ISSN: 2354-2160  \nFull Length Research Paper  \nImpact of music in sportive activities scale (IMSAS): Validity and reliability assessment  \nMetin Karayol1* and Muhammed Ozkan Turhan2  \n1 Department of Sport Management, High School of Physical Education and Sport, Mus Alparslan University, Mus, Turkey.  \n2 Department of Physical Education and Sport Education, Institute of Social Sciences, Mus Alparslan University, Mus, Turkey.  \nAccepted 2 June, 2020  \n\n| ABSTRACT\u003Cbr>The aim of this study was to develop a tool in order to measure the impact of music on the sportive activities. The study group 170 professional athletes, who are actively playing in the municipal sport club in Istanbul in basketball, physically disabled (swimming), wrestling, judo, karate, taekwondo, volleyball, swimming, and fitness branches. Thus, it was assumed that the sample represented the population. The construct validity of the scale was tested through the exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis. The reliability of the scale was measured through the Cronbach Alpha and test-retest method. The distinctiveness of the scale was tested over the difference between the min 27% and max 27% . Correlation analysis was conducted among the scale factors. In order to calculate the reliability of the 18 items in the Impact of Music on Sportive Activities Scale, the “Cronbach Alpha”, which is the internal consistency coefficient, was calculated. The general reliability of the scale was determined to be very high, alpha=0 .885. It was determined that the analysis results, confirmatory factor analysis, and compliance statistics demonstrated a good fit, and as a conclusion of the correlation analysis, positive correlations\u003Cbr>were detected between the Scale sub-dimensions and overall scores (p \u003C 0.05) . Keywords: Physical education and sports, sportive performance, music. |\n| --- |\n| *Corresponding [author. E-mail: m.karayol@alparslan.edu.tr](author. E-mail: m.karayol@alparslan.edu.tr). |\n\nINTRODUCTION  \nMusic is among the arts that have mostly influenced society and individual both in intellectual and emotional terms with its infinite span since the ancient times. Music is a phenomenon that motivates people as an essential element of our lives and embraces the individual in every part of life that is intertwined with individuals. We are together with music in the cradle or in the bosom of our mothers, on the street, at home, at school, at work, at leisure and entertainment places, at ceremonies and meetings, on radio and television. The baby in the womb is affected by the rhythm of the mother's heartbeat , so when the baby finds this familiar sound again in the lap of his/her mother after birth, he/she relaxes and stops crying. In the following years, the influence of music on the child turns into a form of direct relationship, becoming increasingly rich and diverse, continuing throughout his/her life ( Ucan, 1996) . The person who interacts with  \nthe music begins to acquire musical behaviors in time; analogy, listening, muttering, dancing, whistling, tapping to the beat, singing, strumming, criticizing, liking, composing, playing instruments, etc. what these attitudes have in common is the harmony with music. Music gives individuals the opportunity to express themselves, to perform themselves, to know themselves and to go beyond themselves (Say, 2008) .  \nAmong its benefits for people, it is also known that music is used as a treatment method. It is a method of communication used to determine the psychiatric conditions of children and adults with physical and mental problems. It is also known that the history of treatment with music, which is of great importance for the treatments and lives of individuals, reaches to the America, Africa, Europe, Asia, and many Turkish civilizations (Koc et al. , 2011) . Primitive humans believed  \nAfr Educ Res J 298","cbCaihK7Ead5xgLL","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaihK7Ead5xgLL","pdf",182023,"English","# Abstract\n# Introduction\n## Background on music and motivation\n## Music as a therapeutic and cognitive stimulus\n## Rationale for studying music in sport\n## Prior findings on exercise and competition effects","[{\"question\":\"What is the main purpose of this research paper?\",\"answer\":\"To develop and validate the Impact of Music in Sportive Activities Scale (IMSAS) for measuring the impact of music on sportive activities.\"},{\"question\":\"How was construct validity tested?\",\"answer\":\"Through exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis.\"},{\"question\":\"Which methods were used to assess reliability?\",\"answer\":\"Cronbach’s alpha for internal consistency and the test-retest method for stability.\"}]","Impact of music in sportive activities scale (IMSAS) - Validity and reliability assessment | PDF",1792070674]