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This cross-sectional, descriptive–correlational study assessed dietary habits, physical activity, perceived stress, and self-confidence in 136 Saudi patients with hypertension from primary healthcare centers, alongside blood pressure measurements. Results showed reasonably healthy diet, low physical activity, and moderate stress and self-confidence, with sex, education, age, and residence differences. Age, education, and urban residence predicted blood pressure status, while stress, diet, and physical activity influenced self-confidence and stress levels.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":35,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/healthcare/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/impact-of-key-lifestyle-behaviors-on-hypertension-control-implications-for-optimizing-patient-management/461111/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/impact-of-key-lifestyle-behaviors-on-hypertension-control-implications-for-optimizing-patient-management/461111.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Nguyễn Văn Học","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-11-04","2026-09-30",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":34},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"What lifestyle factors were evaluated in the study?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"The study evaluated dietary habits, physical activity, perceived stress, and self-confidence, together with blood pressure measurements.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"How was the study designed and who participated?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"It used a cross-sectional, descriptive–correlational design and collected data from 136 Saudi patients with hypertension attending primary healthcare centers.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"Which factors predicted blood pressure status?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"Regression analysis identified age, education, and urban residence as predictors of blood pressure status.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},461111,1791202380,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":34,"category_name":35,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":34,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":139,"language":140,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":141,"faqs":142,"seo_title":143,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":144,"read_time":145,"preview_page_count":4},1374402739827,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/avatar/14000c97e7351f1a627?x-image-process=image/resize,m_fixed,w_180,h_180&k=1787885694763230660","Article  \nImpact of Key Lifestyle Behaviors on Hypertension Control: Implications for Optimizing Patient Management  \nSalihah Kashum 1 and Ghareeb Bahari 2, *  \nAcademic Editor: Raffaele Giordano  \nReceived: 13 November 2025  \nRevised: 5 December 2025  \nAccepted: 18 December 2025  \nPublished: 19 December 2025  \nCopyright: © 2025 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license.  \n1 Jazan Health Cluster, Ministry of Health, Jazan 82611, Saudi Arabia; [skashoom@moh.gov.sa](skashoom@moh.gov.sa)  \n2 Nursing Administration and Education Department, College of Nursing, King Saud University, Riyadh 11421, Saudi Arabia  \n* [Correspondence: gbahari@ksu.edu.sa](Correspondence: gbahari@ksu.edu.sa)  \nAbstract  \nBackground/Objective: Hypertension is a major global health concern and a leading cause of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Lifestyle behaviors, such as diet, physical activity, stress management, and self-confidence, markedly influence hypertension control. Exploring these behaviors can inform culturally relevant interventions for improving the prevention and management of hypertension and health outcomes of affected individuals. This study aimed to determine the effects of lifestyle behaviors, including dietary habits, physical activity, stress management, and self-confidence, on optimizing hypertension control among individuals in Saudi Arabia. Methods: A cross-sectional, descriptive–correlational design was used. Data were collected from 136 patients with hypertension attending primary healthcare centers in Saudi Arabia using validated scales for dietary habits, physical activity, perceived stress, and self-confidence, alongside blood pressure measurements. Data were analyzed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 26 . Results: The study revealed that most participants reported reasonably healthy dietary practices, low physical activity, and moderate stress and self-confidence. Significant sex differences (p \u003C 0.05) were observed, with men and women reporting higher physical activity and stress, respectively. Education and age influenced dietary habits and self-confidence. Regression analysis identified age, education, and urban residence as predictors (p \u003C 0.05) of blood pressure status, while stress, diet, and physical activity affected self-confidence and perceived stress levels. Conclusions: Hypertension management is influenced by interconnected lifestyle and psychosocial factors, and improving dietary habits, physical activity, stress management, and self-confidence is essential. Tailored interventions addressing demographic differences can enhance self-care behaviors and facilitate better hypertension control among Saudi individuals.  \nKeywords: hypertension; lifestyle behaviors; self-confidence; blood pressure control  \n1. Introduction  \nHypertension, a chronic medical condition marked by consistently high blood pressure, is a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease [1] . It has been reported to be one of the top causes of mortality worldwide [2], and it is estimated that one in every four men and one in every five women worldwide are affected by this major cause of early death [3] . Hypertension is a leading cause of morbidity and death in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Research indicates that its prevalence in the country can reach up to 41.8%[4] . Further, almost 60% of individuals with hypertension in Saudi Arabia are undiagnosed [5] .  \nThe new hypertension categories outlined in the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association guidelines for hypertension management are as follows: normal, systolic \u003C 120 mmHg and diastolic \u003C 80 mmHg; elevated, systolic 120–129 mmHg and diastolic \u003C 80 mmHg; stage 1 hypertension, systolic 130–139 mmHg or diastolic 80–89 mmHg; and stage 2 hypertension, systolic ≥ 140 mmHg and diastolic ≥ 90 mmHg. These categor","cbCais3YcXP6KEC0","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCais3YcXP6KEC0","pdf",265191,14,"English","# Abstract\n## Background/Objective\n## Methods\n## Results\n## Conclusions\n# Introduction","[{\"question\":\"What lifestyle factors were evaluated in the study?\",\"answer\":\"The study evaluated dietary habits, physical activity, perceived stress, and self-confidence, together with blood pressure measurements.\"},{\"question\":\"How was the study designed and who participated?\",\"answer\":\"It used a cross-sectional, descriptive–correlational design and collected data from 136 Saudi patients with hypertension attending primary healthcare centers.\"},{\"question\":\"Which factors predicted blood pressure status?\",\"answer\":\"Regression analysis identified age, education, and urban residence as predictors of blood pressure status.\"}]","Impact of Key Lifestyle Behaviors on Hypertension Control: Implications for Optimizing Patient Management | PDF",1790760650,35]