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The review highlights intraperitoneal immunotherapy strategies as alternatives, including immune checkpoint inhibitors, CAR-T cells, catumaxomab, vaccines targeting tumor-associated antigens, and dendritic-cell approaches designed to enhance anti-tumor immune responses and improve 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Saha Cyrelle Ornella 1,2, Narayanasamy Badrinath 2, Kyeong-Ae Kim 2, Jung Hee Kim 2, Euna Cho 2, Tae-Ho Hwang 1,2 and Jae-Joon Kim 3, *  \nCitation: Ornella, M.S.C.; Badrinath, N.; Kim, K.-A.; Kim, J.H.; Cho, E.; Hwang, T.-H.; Kim, J.-J. Immunotherapy for Peritoneal Carcinomatosis: Challenges and Prospective Outcomes. Cancers 2023, 15, 2383. [https://doi.org/10.3390/](https://doi.org/10.3390/)[ ](https://doi.org/10.3390/)cancers15082383  \nAcademic Editor: Guido Alberto Massimo Tiberio  \nReceived: 8 March 2023  \nRevised: 13 April 2023  \nAccepted: 18 April 2023  \nPublished: 20 April 2023  \nCopyright: © 2023 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license ([https://](https://)[ ](https://)[creativecommons.org/licenses/by/](creativecommons.org/licenses/by/)[ ](creativecommons.org/licenses/by/)[4.0/](4.0/)) .  \n1 Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Republic of Korea; [ornella@pusan.ac.kr](ornella@pusan.ac.kr) (M.S.C.O.)  \n2 Bionoxx Inc., Parkview Tower \\#1905, 248 Jeongjail-ro, Bundang-gu, Seongnam 13554, Republic of Korea  \n3 Division of Hematology & Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan 50612, Republic of Korea  \n* Correspondence: [kimjj@pusan.ac.kr](kimjj@pusan.ac.kr); Tel.: +82-55-360-2383; Fax: +82-55-360-2150  \nSimple Summary: Peritoneal carcinomatosis is a challenging condition that affects many cancer patients, and conventional therapies have limited efficacy in treating it. However, recent advances in the field of immunotherapy have shown promise in improving treatment outcomes. One promising approach is immune checkpoint inhibitors, which block proteins that inhibit T-cell activity and promote an anti-tumor immune response. Another approach involves the use of CAR-T cells, which are genetically modified T cells engineered to recognize and target cancer cells expressing specific antigens. In addition, dendritic cells and vaccine-based therapeutics are also designed to stimulate the immune system to recognize and attack cancer cells. The authors also discuss the potential benefits of combining different immunotherapeutic approaches to improve treatment efficacy. While there is still much to be learned about the use of immunotherapy for peritoneal carcinomatosis, the available evidence suggests that it holds promise as a potentially effective and well-tolerated treatment option.  \nAbstract: Peritoneal metastasis, also known as peritoneal carcinomatosis (PC), is a refractory cancer that is typically resistant to conventional therapies. The typical treatment for PC is a combination of cytoreductive surgery (CRS) and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) . Recently, research in this area has seen significant advances, particularly in immunotherapy as an alternative therapy for PC, which is very encouraging. Catumaxomab is a trifunctional antibody intraperitoneal (IP) immunotherapy authorized in Europe that can be used to diminish malignant ascites by targeting EpCAM. Intraperitoneal (IP) immunotherapy breaks immunological tolerance to treat peritoneal illness. Increasing T-cell responses and vaccination against tumor-associated antigens are two methods of treatment. CAR-T cells, vaccine-based therapeutics, dendritic cells (DCs) in combination with pro-inflammatory cytokines and NKs, adoptive cell transfer, and immune checkpoint inhibitors are promising treatments for PC. Carcinoembryonic antigen-expressing tumors are suppressed by IP administration of CAR-T cells. This reaction was strengthened by anti-PD-L1 or anti-Gr1 . When paired with CD137 co-stimulatory signaling, CAR-T cells for folate receptor cancers made it easier for T-cell tumors to find their way to and stay al","cbCaiv3Tulgzxrov","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaiv3Tulgzxrov","pdf",1357915,27,"English","# Introduction\n# Immunotherapy Approaches for Peritoneal Carcinomatosis\n## Immune checkpoint inhibitors\n## CAR-T cells and adoptive cell therapies\n## Vaccines and dendritic cell-based strategies\n## Catumaxomab and intraperitoneal antibody therapy","[{\"question\":\"Why is peritoneal carcinomatosis difficult to treat with conventional therapies?\",\"answer\":\"Peritoneal carcinomatosis is typically refractory and resistant to conventional treatments, with limited therapeutic options and constraints related to drug delivery and adverse effects.\"},{\"question\":\"What standard treatment combination is commonly used for peritoneal carcinomatosis?\",\"answer\":\"The typical approach combines cytoreductive surgery (CRS) with hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC).\"},{\"question\":\"Which immunotherapy modalities are discussed as promising for PC?\",\"answer\":\"Promising options include immune checkpoint inhibitors, CAR-T cells, vaccine-based therapeutics, dendritic-cell strategies with pro-inflammatory cytokines, and NK-cell or adoptive cell transfer approaches, along with catumaxomab in intraperitoneal therapy.\"}]","Immunotherapy for Peritoneal Carcinomatosis: Challenges and Prospective Outcomes | PDF",1790243382,68]