[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":3,"doc-seo-377058-105":59,"doc-detail-377058-en":130},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",[7,13,18,23,28,33,38,43,48,51,55],{"id":8,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":10,"show_sort_weight":11,"slug":12},1,"Document","Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":14,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":15,"show_sort_weight":16,"slug":17},2,"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":19,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":20,"show_sort_weight":21,"slug":22},4,"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":24,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":25,"show_sort_weight":26,"slug":27},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":29,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":30,"show_sort_weight":31,"slug":32},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":34,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":35,"show_sort_weight":36,"slug":37},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":39,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":40,"show_sort_weight":41,"slug":42},8,"Research & Report",30,"research-report",{"id":44,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":45,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":47},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":46,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":49,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":50},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":52,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":53,"show_sort_weight":52,"slug":54},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":56,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":57,"show_sort_weight":24,"slug":58},19,"General","general",{"code":4,"msg":60,"data":61},"ok",{"site_id":62,"language":63,"slug":64,"title":65,"keywords":66,"description":67,"schema_data":68,"social_meta":123,"head_meta":125,"extra_data":127,"updated_unix":129},105,"en","immunoreact-5-female-patients-with-rectal-cancer-have-better-immune-editing-mechanisms-than-male-patients-a-cohort-study","IMMUNOREACT 5 - female patients with rectal cancer have better immune editing mechanisms than male patients - a cohort study","","Studies assessing sex differences in the colorectal cancer (CRC) tumor microenvironment remain limited, with little evidence on rectal cancer patients’ constitutive immune surveillance mechanisms. This cohort study compared gender-related differences in immune microenvironments in rectal cancer using systematic review/meta-analysis, TCGA mutational profiling, and subanalyses of IMMUNOREACT trials across early and locally advanced disease after therapy. Findings indicate sex-associated immune and mutational patterns.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":40,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/immunoreact-5-female-patients-with-rectal-cancer-have-better-immune-editing-mechanisms-than-male-patients-a-cohort-study/377058/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/immunoreact-5-female-patients-with-rectal-cancer-have-better-immune-editing-mechanisms-than-male-patients-a-cohort-study/377058.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Quinn Holloway","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-09-25","2026-09-24",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":8},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"What question did this cohort study address?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"It assessed whether immune microenvironment and immune surveillance mechanisms differ between female and male patients with rectal cancer, including in healthy mucosa after therapy.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"How were the data for sex differences analyzed?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"The study used a systematic review and meta-analysis up to 31 May 2021, extracted rectal cancer mutational profiles from TCGA, and performed subanalysis of two IMMUNOREACT trials across early and locally advanced settings.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"What were the main findings by sex?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"Male patients showed more frequent oncogene mutations linked to lower expression of T-cell activation genes, while female patients’ healthy mucosa had higher Th1 and cytotoxic T-cell signals suggesting a better immune response.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},377058,1790367092,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":39,"category_name":40,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":8,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":52,"language":139,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":140,"faqs":141,"seo_title":142,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":143,"read_time":144},2336474466712,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_a8503ba1806abce46bf441b54a3ca4cd","’Original Research  \nIMMUNOREACT 5: female patients with rectal cancer have better immune editing mechanisms than male patients – a cohort study  \nGaya Spolverato, MDa , Matteo Fassan, MDa,b , Giulia Capelli, MDc , Melania Scarpa, PhDb , Silvia Negroa , Valentina Chiminazzo, MSa , Andromachi Kotsafti, PhDb , Imerio Angriman, MDa , Michela Campi, MDa , Ottavia De Simoni, MDb , Cesare Ruffolo, MDa , Stepanyan Astghik, MSa , Chiara Vignotto, MDa , Federico Scognamiglio, MSa , Giulia Becherucci, MDa , Giorgio Rivella, MDa , Francesco Marchegiani, MDa , Luca Facci, MDa , Francesca Bergamo, MDb , Stefano Brignola, MDd , Gianluca Businello, MDe ,  \nVincenza Guzzardo, MDa , Luca Dal Santo, MDa , Roberta Salmaso, MDa , Marco Massani, MDd , Anna Pozza, MDd , Ivana Cataldo, MDd , Tommaso Stecca, MDd , Angelo Paolo Dei Tos, MDa , VittorinaZagonel, MDb , Pierluigi Pilati, MDb , Boris Franzato, MDb , Antonio Scapinello, MDb , Giovanni Pirozzolo, MDf, Alfonso Recordare, MDf ,  \nRoberto Merenda, MDf, Giovanni Bordignon, MDf, Silvio Guerriero, MDg , Chiara Romiti, MDg , Giuseppe Portale, MDh , Chiara Cipollari, MDh , Maurizio Zizzo, MDi , Andrea Porzionato, MDb , Marco Agostini, PhDb , Francesco Cavallin, MSj , Barbara Di Camillo, MDk , Romeo Bardini, MDa , Isacco Maretto, MDa , Ignazio Castagliuolo, MDa ,  \nSalvatore Pucciarelli, MDa , Marco Scarpa, MDa,*  \nBackground: Studies evaluating sex differences in colorectal cancer (CRC) tumor microenvironment are limited, and no previous study has focused on rectal cancer patients ’ constitutive immune surveillance mechanisms. The authors aimed to assess genderrelated differences in the immune microenvironment of rectal cancer patients.  \nMethods: A systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted up to 31 May 2021, including studies focusing on gender-related differences in the CRC tumor microenvironment. Data on the mutational profile of rectal cancer were extracted from the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). A subanalysis of the two IMMUNOREACT trials (NCT04915326 and NCT04917263) was performed, aiming to detect gender-related differences in the immune microenvironment of the healthy mucosa in patients with early (IMMUNOREACT 1 cohort) and locally advanced rectal cancer following neoadjuvant therapy (IMMUNOREACT 2 cohort) . In the retrospective IMMUNOREACT 1 cohort (therapy naive), the authors enrolled 442 patients (177 female and 265 male), while in the retrospective IMMUNOREACT 2 cohort (patients who had neoadjuvant therapy), we enrolled 264 patients (80 female and 184 male) . In the prospective IMMUNOREACT 1 cohort (therapy naive), the authors enrolled 72 patients (26 female and 46 male), while in the prospective IMMUNOREACT 2 cohort (patients who had neoadjuvant therapy), the authors enrolled 105 patients (42 female and 63 male) .  \nResults: Seven studies reported PD-L1 expression in the CRC microenvironment, but no significant difference could be identified between the sexes. In the TGCA series, mutations of SYNE1 and RYR2 were significantly more frequent in male patients with rectal cancer. In the IMMUNOREACT 1 cohort, male patients had a higher expression of epithelial cells expressing HLA class I, while female patients had a higher number of activated CD4+Th1 cells. Female patients in the IMMUNOREACT 2 cohort showed a higher  \naAzienda Ospedale Università di Padova, bVeneto Institute of Oncology (IOV-IRCCS), cAzienda ULSS 6 Euganea, dDipartimento di Ingegneria Industriale, Università degli Studidi Padova, Padova, eAzienda ULSS 5 Polesana, Rovigo, fAzienda ULSS 3 Serenissima, Venezia, gOspedale di Fermo, ASUR 4, Fermo, hOspedaleA. Locatelli, ASST Bergamo Est, Seriate (BG), iAzienda Unità Sanitaria Locale-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, jIndependent Statistician, Solagna and kAzienda ULSS 2 Marca Trevigiana, Treviso, Italy  \nG.S., M.F., S.P., and M.S. equally contributed to this study.  \nIMMUNOREACT Study Group: LucaSaadeh, Dario Parini, Daniela Prando, Beatrice Salmaso, Gianluca Buzzi, Loretta Di Cristofor","cbCaiccIVBrw5qCA","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaiccIVBrw5qCA","pdf",874155,"English","# Background\n# Methods\n## Study design and cohorts\n# Results\n# Conclusions","[{\"question\":\"What question did this cohort study address?\",\"answer\":\"It assessed whether immune microenvironment and immune surveillance mechanisms differ between female and male patients with rectal cancer, including in healthy mucosa after therapy.\"},{\"question\":\"How were the data for sex differences analyzed?\",\"answer\":\"The study used a systematic review and meta-analysis up to 31 May 2021, extracted rectal cancer mutational profiles from TCGA, and performed subanalysis of two IMMUNOREACT trials across early and locally advanced settings.\"},{\"question\":\"What were the main findings by sex?\",\"answer\":\"Male patients showed more frequent oncogene mutations linked to lower expression of T-cell activation genes, while female patients’ healthy mucosa had higher Th1 and cytotoxic T-cell signals suggesting a better immune response.\"}]","IMMUNOREACT 5 - female patients with rectal cancer have better immune editing mechanisms than male patients - a cohort study | PDF",1790222905,25]