[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":3,"doc-seo-333389-105":59,"doc-detail-333389-en":130},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",[7,13,18,23,28,33,38,43,48,51,55],{"id":8,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":10,"show_sort_weight":11,"slug":12},1,"Document","Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":14,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":15,"show_sort_weight":16,"slug":17},2,"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":19,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":20,"show_sort_weight":21,"slug":22},4,"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":24,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":25,"show_sort_weight":26,"slug":27},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":29,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":30,"show_sort_weight":31,"slug":32},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":34,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":35,"show_sort_weight":36,"slug":37},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":39,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":40,"show_sort_weight":41,"slug":42},8,"Research & Report",30,"research-report",{"id":44,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":45,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":47},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":46,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":49,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":50},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":52,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":53,"show_sort_weight":52,"slug":54},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":56,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":57,"show_sort_weight":24,"slug":58},19,"General","general",{"code":4,"msg":60,"data":61},"ok",{"site_id":62,"language":63,"slug":64,"title":65,"keywords":66,"description":67,"schema_data":68,"social_meta":123,"head_meta":125,"extra_data":127,"updated_unix":129},105,"en","immunomodulatory-effects-of-baff-and-april-cytokines-in-post-pulmonary-infection-lung-cancer-implications-for-drug-resistance-and-progression","Immunomodulatory effects of BAFF and APRIL cytokines in post-pulmonary infection lung cancer - Implications for drug resistance and progression","","Lung cancer is a complex disease and a major global cause of cancer-related mortality. In the lung microenvironment, BAFF and APRIL cytokines are produced by various cells, particularly airway epithelial cells, in response to allergic inflammation or pulmonary infection. These cytokines help sustain local immune responses and promote survival of immune cells. Evidence links the BAFF/APRIL system to multiple malignancies, with roles in driving drug resistance and cancer progression, particularly after pulmonary infection.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":40,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/immunomodulatory-effects-of-baff-and-april-cytokines-in-post-pulmonary-infection-lung-cancer-implications-for-drug-resistance-and-progression/333389/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/immunomodulatory-effects-of-baff-and-april-cytokines-in-post-pulmonary-infection-lung-cancer-implications-for-drug-resistance-and-progression/333389.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Aurora","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-11-03","2026-09-21",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":29},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"What are BAFF and APRIL, and where are they produced in the lungs?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"BAFF and APRIL are cytokines produced by various cells in the lung microenvironment, notably airway epithelial cells. They are generated in response to allergic inflammation or pulmonary infection.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"How are BAFF and APRIL connected to drug resistance and cancer progression?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"The BAFF and APRIL system has been associated with several malignancies and has shown potential to induce drug resistance while promoting cancer progression.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"Why does pulmonary infection matter for lung cancer outcomes in this review?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"The review highlights that BAFF and APRIL can be expressed after viral or bacterial pulmonary infection. It discusses how this post-infection signaling may enhance cancer survival and increase resistance to therapies.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},333389,1790680137,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":39,"category_name":40,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":29,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":34,"language":139,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":140,"faqs":141,"seo_title":142,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":143,"read_time":144,"preview_page_count":4},4810365810221,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_155a257f0dc6eb9ab79c44ca47cae57d","Review Article  \nImmunomodulatory effects of BAFF and APRIL cytokines in post-pulmonary infection lung cancer  \nImplications for drug resistance and progression  \nWaelAlturaiki MSc, PhD.  \nABSTRACT  \nيعد سرطان الرئة مرضً ا معقدً ا وصعبًا، وهو أحد الأسباب الأكثر شيوعً اللوفيات المرتبطة بالسرطان في جميع أنحاء العالم. داخل البيئة الدقيقةللرئة، يتم إنتاج السيتوكينات المحددة، بما في ذلك عامل تنشيط الخلية البائية( BAFF) والعامل المحفز للتكاثر ( APRIL)، بواسطة خلايا مختلفة، ولاسيما الخلايا الظهارية للمجرى الهوائي،وذلك استجابةً للالتهاب التحسسيأو العدوى الرئوية. تلعب هذه السيتوكينات دورًا حاسمً ا في الحفاظ علىالاستجابات المناعية في الرئة وتعزيز بقاء الخلايا المناعية. تم ربط نظام BAFF وAPRIL في مجموعة من الأورام الخبيثة وأظهرا إمكاناتهما في إحداثمقاومة للأدوية وتعزيز تطور السرطان. تسلط هذه المراجعة البحثية الضوءعلى الدراسات الحديثة حول دور BAFF وAPRIL في العديد من أنواعالسرطان، مع التركيز بشكل أساسي على دورها في سرطان الرئة، وتناقشإمكانية مساهمة هذه الجزيئات في مقاومة الأدوية وتطور السرطان بعدالعدوى الرئوية. هذه الدرسة تقترح النظر في استهداف BAFF وAPRIL أو مستقبلاتهما كعلاجات جديدة واعدة لعلاج فعال لسرطان الرئة لاسيمابعد العدوى المكيروبية التنفسية لمنع تفاقم المرض ومقامة العلاجات. ومعذلك، يظل من المهم إجراء مزيد من التحقيقات لتوضيح الآليات الدقيقة خلفكيفية وآلية عمل BAFF وAPRIL لتحفيز تطورالسرطان ومقاومة الأدوية.  \nLung cancer is a complicated and challenging disease and is one of the most common causes of cancer-related mortality worldwide. Within the lung microenvironment, specific cytokines, including the B cell activation factor (BAFF) and theA proliferation-inducing ligand (APRIL), are produce by various cells, notably airway epithelial cells, in response allergic inflammation or pulmonary infection. These cytokines play a critical role in maintaining local immune responses and fostering the survival of immune cells. The BAFF and APRIL system have been connected in a range of malignancies and have shown their potential in inducing drug resistance and promoting cancer progression. This review highlights recent studies on the involvement of BAFF and APRIL in various cancers, focusing mainly on their role in lung cancer, and discusses the possibility of these molecules in contributing to drug resistance and cancer progression following pulmonary infection. We suggest consideration the targeting BAFF and APRIL or their respective receptors as promising  \nOPEN ACCESS  \nnovel therapies for effective treatment of lung cancer, especially post pulmonary infection. However, it remains important to conduct further investigations to fully elucidate the precise mechanisms underlying how the BAFF and APRIL systems enhance cancer survival and drug resistance subsequent pulmonary infections.  \nKeywords: BAFF, APRIL, lung cancer, pulmonary infection  \nSaudi MedJ 2024; Vol. 45 (3): 223-229 doi: 10.15537/smj.2024.45.3.20230873  \nFrom the Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Majmaah University, Majmaah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.  \nAddress correspondence and reprint request to: Dr. Wael Alturaiki, Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Majmaah University, Majmaah, Kingdom of Saudi [Arabia. E-mail: W.alturaiki@mu.edu.sa](Arabia. E-mail: W.alturaiki@mu.edu.sa)  \nORCID ID: [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6947-7582](https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6947-7582)  \nDespite advancements patients with lung  \nin diagnosis and treatment, cancer still have a poor  \nprognosis, making it one of the leading cause of cancer-related mortality globally.1 According to the global burden of disease study, lung cancer is the second most common cancer worldwide, with over 2.2 million new cases and approximately 1.8 million deaths by 2020.2 Lung cancer develops once cells in the lungs proliferate abnormally, which can be caused by a variety of factors, such as smoking, breathing contaminated air, and genetic abnormalities.3 The lung cancer is divided into 2 major types , including small cell lung cance","cbCaisz604NapBtO","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaisz604NapBtO","pdf",624956,"English","# Introduction\n## BAFF/APRIL system in lung microenvironment and immunity\n## Link to malignancies and drug resistance\n## Lung cancer risk factors and major types\n## Current therapeutic approaches and need for targeted strategies\n## Rationale and scope of the review","[{\"question\":\"What are BAFF and APRIL, and where are they produced in the lungs?\",\"answer\":\"BAFF and APRIL are cytokines produced by various cells in the lung microenvironment, notably airway epithelial cells. They are generated in response to allergic inflammation or pulmonary infection.\"},{\"question\":\"How are BAFF and APRIL connected to drug resistance and cancer progression?\",\"answer\":\"The BAFF and APRIL system has been associated with several malignancies and has shown potential to induce drug resistance while promoting cancer progression.\"},{\"question\":\"Why does pulmonary infection matter for lung cancer outcomes in this review?\",\"answer\":\"The review highlights that BAFF and APRIL can be expressed after viral or bacterial pulmonary infection. It discusses how this post-infection signaling may enhance cancer survival and increase resistance to therapies.\"}]","Immunomodulatory effects of BAFF and APRIL cytokines in post-pulmonary infection lung cancer - Implications for drug resistance and progression | PDF",1790002221,18]