[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":3,"doc-seo-336968-105":59,"doc-detail-336968-en":130},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",[7,13,18,23,28,33,38,43,48,51,55],{"id":8,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":10,"show_sort_weight":11,"slug":12},1,"Document","Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":14,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":15,"show_sort_weight":16,"slug":17},2,"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":19,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":20,"show_sort_weight":21,"slug":22},4,"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":24,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":25,"show_sort_weight":26,"slug":27},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":29,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":30,"show_sort_weight":31,"slug":32},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":34,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":35,"show_sort_weight":36,"slug":37},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":39,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":40,"show_sort_weight":41,"slug":42},8,"Research & Report",30,"research-report",{"id":44,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":45,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":47},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":46,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":49,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":50},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":52,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":53,"show_sort_weight":52,"slug":54},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":56,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":57,"show_sort_weight":24,"slug":58},19,"General","general",{"code":4,"msg":60,"data":61},"ok",{"site_id":62,"language":63,"slug":64,"title":65,"keywords":66,"description":67,"schema_data":68,"social_meta":123,"head_meta":125,"extra_data":127,"updated_unix":129},105,"en","immunohistochemical-expression-of-satb2-in-malignant-melanomas","Immunohistochemical Expression of SATB2 in Malignant Melanomas","","Accurate diagnosis of cancer of unknown primary (CUP) is a daily challenge for pathologists, requiring reliable immunohistochemical (IHC) markers. SATB2, a transcription factor mainly expressed in colorectal neoplasms, is evaluated here for its diagnostic behavior in malignant melanomas. Using tissue microarrays (TMAs) from Aalborg University Hospital, Denmark, the study quantified SATB2 expression with H-scores across 56 primary and 12 metastatic melanoma cases. SATB2 was expressed in 48% of cases, mostly showing weak-to-moderate staining intensity. No significant primary-versus-metastatic difference emerged, although metastatic lesions showed a higher median H-score. Findings indicate a diagnostic pitfall and stress careful interpretation of SATB2 positivity in CUP workups.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":35,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/healthcare/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/immunohistochemical-expression-of-satb2-in-malignant-melanomas/336968/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/immunohistochemical-expression-of-satb2-in-malignant-melanomas/336968.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Eden","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-26","2026-09-21",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":39},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"What clinical problem does the study address?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"The study targets the difficulty of diagnosing cancer of unknown primary (CUP), where selecting dependable immunohistochemical markers is critical.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"How was SATB2 expression measured in malignant melanomas?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"SATB2 expression was assessed on tissue microarrays using immunohistochemistry, and results were quantified using H-scores to reflect staining intensity and extent.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"What proportion of malignant melanoma cases expressed SATB2, and how strong was the staining?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"SATB2 was expressed in 48% of malignant melanoma cases, with staining predominantly ranging from weak to moderate intensity.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},336968,1790386319,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":34,"category_name":35,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":39,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":81,"language":139,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":140,"faqs":141,"seo_title":142,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":143,"read_time":39},1374391974468,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_29158cc5080c5b710cf443261637dec0","Immunohistochemical Expression of SATB2 in Malignant Melanomas  \nRasmus Røge, MD, PhD,*† Birgit Truumees, MSc,* and Søren Nielsen, BMS*  \nAbstract: Accurate diagnosis of cancer of unknown primary (CUP) poses a significant daily challenge for pathologists, necessitating reliable immunohistochemical (IHC) markers. SATB2 is a transcription factor primarily expressed in colorectal neoplasms. This study investigates the IHC expression of SATB2 in malignant melanomas (MM) . Using tissue microarrays (TMAs) from Aalborg University Hospital, Denmark, comprising 56 primary and 12 metastatic MMs, we evaluated SATB2 expression through H-scores. We found that 48% of MM cases expressed SATB2, predominantly with weak to moderate staining intensity. Although no significant difference was observed between primary and metastatic MMs, a higher median H-score was noted in metastatic lesions. The results highlight the potential diagnostic pitfall of SATB2 expression in MM and underline the need for careful interpretation.  \nKey Words: SATB2, melanoma, IHC, immunohistochemistry, CUP  \n(Appl Immunohistochem Mol Morphol 2024;32:453–455)  \nThe accurate diagnosis of cancer of unknown primary  \n(CUP) remains a significant challenge for pathologists. Identifying reliable immunohistochemical (IHC) markers for diagnostic IHC panels is crucial to determining metastatic tumors’ origin.  \nSATB2 (Special AT-rich sequence-binding protein 2), is a transcription factor that has shown promising results in differentiating colorectal neoplasms from other malignancies. SATB2 is a nuclear marker expressed in specific tissues, including epithelium in the lower gastrointestinal tract, brain, lymphoid cells, and tubuli of the  \nReceived for publication June 14, 2024; accepted September 10, 2024 .  \nFrom the *Department of Pathology, NordiQC, Aalborg University Hospital; and †Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark.  \nThe authors declare no conflict of interest.  \nReprints: Rasmus Røge, MD, PhD, Department of Pathology, Aalborg University Hospital, Ladegaardsgade 3, Aalborg 9000, Denmar (e-mail: [rr@rn.dk](rr@rn.dk)) .  \nCopyright © 2024 The Author(s) . Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives License 4.0 (CCBY-NC-ND), where it is permissible to download and share the work provided it is properly cited. The work cannot be changed in any way or used commercially without permission from the journal.  \nDOI: 10.1097/PAI.0000000000001229  \ntestis. In addition, SATB2 expression has been identified in neuroendocrine neoplasms of the lower GI and Merkel cell tumors.  \nAs our understanding of this marker evolves, novel and unexpected expression patterns are observed. The authors of this study noted SATB2 expression in a subset of malignant melanomas (MM), a finding not previously discussed in the literature. To our knowledge, only 2 studies have been published presenting any IHC SATB2 expression in melanomas: One article by Szczepanskiet al1 found IHC SATB2 expression in 2/13 sarcomatoid MM. Another study by Gallagher et al2 found SATB2 expression in MM with osteocartilaginous differentiation.  \nWhile CK20 and CDX2 are the most established markers for identifying colorectal adenocarcinomas, SATB2 has been recognized as an additional marker with potential utility especially concerning specificity.3 However, SATB2 is not commonly used as a first-line marker for colorectal origin. Even though differential diagnosis between colon adenocarcinoma and malignant melanoma is not a frequent scenario, our initial observation of SATB2 expression in MM prompted further investigation. This study aims to elucidate the potential for misinterpretation of SATB2 expression in the diagnostic work-up of cancers of unknown primary (CUP) by examining the SATB2 IHC expression in a cohort of malignant melanomas using the most successfully applied antibody based ","cbCaijHOMfgzQsTt","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaijHOMfgzQsTt","pdf",342170,"English","# Abstract\n# Background\n# Materials and Methods\n## Tissues\n## Immunohistochemistry\n## H-scores","[{\"question\":\"What clinical problem does the study address?\",\"answer\":\"The study targets the difficulty of diagnosing cancer of unknown primary (CUP), where selecting dependable immunohistochemical markers is critical.\"},{\"question\":\"How was SATB2 expression measured in malignant melanomas?\",\"answer\":\"SATB2 expression was assessed on tissue microarrays using immunohistochemistry, and results were quantified using H-scores to reflect staining intensity and extent.\"},{\"question\":\"What proportion of malignant melanoma cases expressed SATB2, and how strong was the staining?\",\"answer\":\"SATB2 was expressed in 48% of malignant melanoma cases, with staining predominantly ranging from weak to moderate intensity.\"}]","Immunohistochemical Expression of SATB2 in Malignant Melanomas | PDF",1790017245]