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\nImmune mediated support of metastasis: Implication for bone invasion  \nZengfeng Xin1  Luying Qin2  Yang Tang2  Siyu Guo2, 3  Fangfang Li2  Yuan Fang2  Gege Li2  Yihan Yao2  Binbin Zheng4  Bicheng Zhang2, 3  Dang Wu2, 3  Jie Xiao5  Chao Ni2, 6  Qichun Wei2, 3   Ting Zhang2, 3   \n1 Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, P. R. China  \n2 Cancer Institute (Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, National Ministry of Education), Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, P. R. China  \n3 Department of Radiation Oncology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, P. R. China  \n4 Department of Respiratory Medicine, Ningbo Hangzhou Bay Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang, P. R. China  \n5 Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital (Jiande Branch), Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, P. R. China  \n6 Department of Breast Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, P. R. China  \nCorrespondence  \nTing Zhang and Qichun Wei, Department of Radiation Oncology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, No.88 Jiefang Road, Hangzhou 310009, Zhejiang, P. R. China.  \nAbstract  \nBone is a common organ affected by metastasis in various advanced cancers, including lung, breast, prostate, colorectal, and melanoma. Once a patient is diagnosed with bone metastasis, the patient’s quality of life and overall survival are significantly reduced owing to a wide range of morbidities and the increasing  \nList of abbreviations: AKT, protein kinase B; BHLHE22, basic helix loop helix family member e22; BME, bone microenvironment; BMP, bone matrix protein; CAF, cancer-associated fibroblast; CCL, C-C motif ligand; CCR, C-C-motif receptor; CD137L, CD137 ligand; cGAS, cyclic GMP-AMP synthase; CNP/siCCR2, SicCr2-encapsulated cationic nanoparticle; COL1A1, Collagen Type I Alpha 1; COX2-I, cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitor; CpG, Cytosine phosphoric acid Guanine; CST6, cystatin 6; CTL, lymphocyte; CTLA-4, cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated antigen 4; CTNND1, catenin delta 1; CTSB, cathepsin B; CXCL, C-X-C motif chemokine ligand; CXCR, C-X-C motif receptor; DC, dendritic cell; DKK1, dickkopf-1; EMT,  \nepithelial-mesenchymal transformation; ER+, estrogen receptor-positive; GM-CSF, granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor; GO, graphene oxide; HIF-1, hypoxia-inducible factor 1; IBSP, integrin-binding sialoproteins; IFN-γ, Interferon γ; IL, interleukin; IL-R, interleukin receptor; JNK,  \nc-Jun N-terminal kinase; LGR4, leucine-rich repeat-containing G protein-coupled receptor 4; LIF, leukaemia inhibitory factor; LRP5, LDL  \nreceptor-associated protein 5; MCP-1, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1; M-CSF, macrophage colony-stimulating factor; MDSC, myeloid-derived suppressor cell; MHC, major histocompatibility complex; miRNA, microRNA; MMP, matrix metalloprotease; NET, neutrophils extracellular trap; NK, natural killer; NO, nitric oxide; NOS, nitric oxide synthase; NSCLC, non-small cell lung cancer; ODN, oligodeoxynucleotide; PD-1, programmed cell death protein 1; pDC, derived dendritic cell; PD-L1, programmed death-ligand 1; PGE2, prostaglandin E2; PI3K, phosphoinositide 3-kinase; PR3, protease 3; PRMT5, protein targeting methyltransferase 5; PSA, prostate specific antigen; PTEN, phosphatase and tensin homolog; PTHrP, parathyroid hormone-related protein; RAGE, glycation end products; RANKL, NF-kB ligand; ROS, reactive oxygen species; RSPO2, R reactive protein 2; SCID, severely combined immunodeficient; SCLC, small cell lung cancer; SMAD2, SMAD family member 2; SPHK1, sphingosine kinase 1; STAT3, signal transducer and activator of transcription 3; STING, stimulator of in","cbCaijMjX18Cm9Ag","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaijMjX18Cm9Ag","pdf",3492851,25,"English","# Abstract\n## List of abbreviations\n## Funding information","[{\"question\":\"What clinical problem does the paper focus on?\",\"answer\":\"Bone metastasis in advanced cancers, which markedly worsens quality of life and reduces overall survival.\"},{\"question\":\"What is the central theme regarding metastasis?\",\"answer\":\"Immune-mediated support of metastasis and its implications for bone invasion.\"},{\"question\":\"What kinds of terms are included to support the discussion?\",\"answer\":\"An extensive list of abbreviations covering signaling pathways, immune cells, tumor microenvironment factors, and related molecular markers.\"}]","Immune mediated support of metastasis - Implication for bone invasion | PDF",1789993246,63]