[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"doc-seo-649225-105":3,"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":80,"doc-detail-649225-en":130},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"ok",{"site_id":7,"language":8,"slug":9,"title":10,"keywords":11,"description":12,"schema_data":13,"social_meta":73,"head_meta":75,"extra_data":77,"updated_unix":79},105,"en","identifying-and-quantifying-industry-perceptions-of-engineering-drawing-skills-in-novice-malaysian-engineers","IDENTIFYING AND QUANTIFYING INDUSTRY PERCEPTIONS OF ENGINEERING DRAWING SKILLS IN NOVICE MALAYSIAN ENGINEERS","","Engineering drawings must communicate information precisely so manufacturers can interpret it correctly and unambiguously. This paper reports a survey studying how manufacturing industry managers view the technical competencies of novice (graduate) Malaysian engineers and what competence is expected for effectiveness in the workplace. The study quantified anecdotal views through a two-phase approach based on interviews. Thirty-five of 150 invited industries participated, and management perceptions indicated gaps across twelve investigated issues, with the biggest needs in 2D–3D visualization and interpreting interconnected 2D drawings.",{"@graph":14,"@context":72},[15,34,55],{"@type":16,"itemListElement":17},"BreadcrumbList",[18,23,27,31],{"item":19,"name":20,"@type":21,"position":22},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",1,{"item":24,"name":25,"@type":21,"position":26},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/","Document",2,{"item":28,"name":29,"@type":21,"position":30},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/","Research & Report",3,{"item":32,"name":10,"@type":21,"position":33},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/identifying-and-quantifying-industry-perceptions-of-engineering-drawing-skills-in-novice-malaysian-engineers/649225/",4,{"url":32,"name":10,"@type":35,"image":36,"author":41,"headline":10,"publisher":44,"fileFormat":47,"inLanguage":8,"description":12,"dateModified":48,"datePublished":49,"encodingFormat":47,"isAccessibleForFree":50,"interactionStatistic":51},"DigitalDocument",{"url":37,"@type":38,"width":39,"height":40},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/identifying-and-quantifying-industry-perceptions-of-engineering-drawing-skills-in-novice-malaysian-engineers/649225.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":42,"@type":43},"Ezra","Person",{"url":19,"name":45,"@type":46},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-25","2026-10-23",true,{"@type":52,"interactionType":53,"userInteractionCount":26},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":54},"ViewAction",{"@type":56,"mainEntity":57},"FAQPage",[58,64,68],{"name":59,"@type":60,"acceptedAnswer":61},"Why are engineering drawings considered critical for global manufacturing?","Question",{"text":62,"@type":63},"Drawings are a key communication medium across designers, manufacturers, and assemblers in different countries. Following national and international standards helps prevent miscommunication and costly errors.","Answer",{"name":65,"@type":60,"acceptedAnswer":66},"How was the survey about novice engineers conducted?",{"text":67,"@type":63},"The study used a two-phase approach: an informal survey to identify issues, then a formal online survey with engineering managers and industries. The formal survey involved 35 participating industries out of 150 invited.",{"name":69,"@type":60,"acceptedAnswer":70},"Which engineering drawing skills needed the most improvement for novice engineers?",{"text":71,"@type":63},"Participants identified visualization of an object’s 3D form from 2D drawings and interpreting 2D drawings with interconnected parts as the competencies needing the greatest improvement.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":32,"og:type":74,"og:title":10,"og:site_name":45,"og:description":12},"article",{"robots":76,"canonical":32},"index,follow",{"doc_id":78,"site_id":7},649225,1792919914,{"code":4,"msg":81,"data":82},"success",[83,87,91,95,100,105,110,114,119,122,126],{"id":22,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":84,"show_sort_weight":85,"slug":86},"Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":26,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":88,"show_sort_weight":89,"slug":90},"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":33,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":92,"show_sort_weight":93,"slug":94},"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":96,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":97,"show_sort_weight":98,"slug":99},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":101,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":102,"show_sort_weight":103,"slug":104},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":106,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":107,"show_sort_weight":108,"slug":109},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":111,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":29,"show_sort_weight":112,"slug":113},8,30,"research-report",{"id":115,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":116,"show_sort_weight":117,"slug":118},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":117,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":120,"show_sort_weight":117,"slug":121},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":123,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":124,"show_sort_weight":123,"slug":125},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":127,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":128,"show_sort_weight":96,"slug":129},19,"General","general",{"code":4,"msg":81,"data":131},{"doc_id":78,"user_id":132,"nickname":42,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":111,"category_name":29,"doc_title":10,"doc_description":12,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":26,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":22,"is_downloadable":22,"audit_status":22,"page_count":139,"language":140,"language_code":8,"site_id":7,"html_lang":8,"table_of_contents":141,"faqs":142,"seo_title":143,"seo_description":12,"update_tm":144,"read_time":112},1099514068035,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_276721f389ce27ea32af1340a28f341c","IDENTIFYING AND QUANTIFYING INDUSTRY PERCEPTIONS OF ENGINEERING DRAWING SKILLS IN NOVICE MALAYSIAN ENGINEERS  \nZulkeflee Abdullah1, Colin Reginald Burvill1 and Bruce William Field2  \n(1) The University of Melbourne, Australia (2) Monash University, Australia  \nABSTRACT  \nTo be effective, engineering drawings need to communicate information precisely and must ensure that a manufacturer can correctly interpret the presented information simply and unambiguously. As such, the manufacturer requires competent engineering staff when producing and interpreting engineering drawings. This paper reports on a survey completed to investigate the technical competencies of novice (graduate) engineers from the perspective of the manufacturing industry sector. The survey sought the views of engineering managers about both the competencies of current novice engineers and their expected competency for effectiveness within their workplace. The survey quantified anecdotal information provided by Malaysian colleagues. Survey questions were based on interviews with experienced Malaysian design and manufacturing engineers. 150 Malaysian industries were invited to participate in the online survey, of which 35 industries participated. The survey revealed that for all twelve issues investigated, there was a management perception that novice engineers have a lower competence than is management’s expectation for the ability of current novice engineers. The survey participants identified the visualization of the three dimensional (3D) form of an object based on two dimensional (2D) drawing(s), and the interpretation of 2D drawings with interconnected parts as the competencies needing the most improvement in novice engineers.  \nKeywords: Engineering drawing reading and visualization, Novice engineer competency, Malaysian manufacturing.  \n1 INTRODUCTION  \nEngineering drawings are an important medium of communication in engineering. Of particular relevance to this paper is the quite common practice where a component or product is designed in one country, manufactured in a second country and possibly assembled in a third country. To avoid miscommunication among designers, manufacturers and assemblers, drawings must follow the rules set by national and international Standards and codes of practice. If a company is to effectively operate in a global product-manufacturing market, it will require expertise in the use of engineering drawings. In addition, different drawing preparation rules applied historically or geographically need to be identified and accommodated if costly errors are to be avoided. This is of critical importance for companies in developing countries such as Malaysia where manufacturing contracts are sought internationally.  \nThe international Standard Organization (ISO) has an important role in setting worldwide rules for engineering drawings. Engineering drawings can be very complicated and there are many ISO standards to ensure that the information is transmitted correctly. The engineering drawing can also be considered a legal specification, where two companies can form a binding agreement based on a shared understanding of the component or product. The ISO standards are designed to be languageindependent, so that a designer in one country can specify a product that can be successfully manufactured and assembled in another country without additional intervention by the designer. National engineering (technical) drawing standards, including those from Britain (British Standards, including BS8888:2008); USA (ASME Y 14.5M) and Australia (AS1100:1992), are now mostly based on the ISO template but drawing rule variations remain (Figure 1) .  \nThe investigation reported in this paper was initiated by industry-based engineering colleagues in Malaysia who asserted (anecdotally) that graduate engineers had poor graphical communication skills. The authors completed an informal survey of experienced engineers and engineering managers in Malaysia to dev","cbCainMLLlwN4uZz","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCainMLLlwN4uZz","pdf",624419,12,"English","# Introduction\n# Background","[{\"question\":\"Why are engineering drawings considered critical for global manufacturing?\",\"answer\":\"Drawings are a key communication medium across designers, manufacturers, and assemblers in different countries. Following national and international standards helps prevent miscommunication and costly errors.\"},{\"question\":\"How was the survey about novice engineers conducted?\",\"answer\":\"The study used a two-phase approach: an informal survey to identify issues, then a formal online survey with engineering managers and industries. The formal survey involved 35 participating industries out of 150 invited.\"},{\"question\":\"Which engineering drawing skills needed the most improvement for novice engineers?\",\"answer\":\"Participants identified visualization of an object’s 3D form from 2D drawings and interpreting 2D drawings with interconnected parts as the competencies needing the greatest improvement.\"}]","IDENTIFYING AND QUANTIFYING INDUSTRY PERCEPTIONS OF ENGINEERING DRAWING SKILLS IN NOVICE MALAYSIAN ENGINEERS | PDF",1792797971]