[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"doc-detail-40351-en":3,"doc-seo-40351-105":29,"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":90},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",{"doc_id":7,"user_id":8,"nickname":9,"user_avatar":10,"doc_module":4,"category_id":11,"category_name":12,"doc_title":13,"doc_description":14,"doc_content":15,"file_id":16,"file_url":17,"file_type":18,"file_size":19,"view_count":11,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":20,"is_downloadable":20,"audit_status":20,"page_count":21,"language":22,"language_code":23,"site_id":24,"html_lang":23,"table_of_contents":25,"faqs":26,"seo_title":13,"seo_description":14,"update_tm":27,"read_time":28},40351,8796095462418,"Noah","https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/avatar/80000253c1241d02b47?x-image-process=image/resize,m_fixed,w_180,h_180&k=1778826106357471780",2,"Literature","Hungry Bengal War, Famine and the End of Empire","Hungry Bengal: War, Famine and the End of Empire traces how the Bengal famine of 1943 unfolded in the context of wartime “total war,” with emphasis on food security, morale, and the political decisions that shaped priorities. The book examines denial and policy responses, the administration of Bengal during crises, and the escalation from famine into wider devastation. It also covers the Calcutta riots, Japan’s attacks, and the emergence of a second famine, linking governance and starvation across phases.","HUNGRY BENGAL  \nJANAM MUKHERJEE  \nHungry Bengal War, Famine and the End of Empire  \nA  \nA  \nOxford University Press is a department of the University of Oxford. It furthers the University’s objective of excellence in research, scholarship, and education by publishing worldwide.  \nOxford New York  \nAuckland CapeTown Dar es Salaam Hong Kong Karachi Kuala Lumpur Madrid Melbourne Mexico City Nairobi New Delhi Shanghai Taipei Toronto  \nWith offices in  \nArgentina Austria Brazil Chile Czech Republic France Greece Guatemala Hungary Italy Japan Poland Portugal Singapore  \nSouth Korea Switzerland Thailand Turkey Ukraine Vietnam Oxford is a registered trade mark of Oxford University Press in the UK and certain other countries.  \nPublished in the United States of America by Oxford University Press  \n198 Madison Avenue, New York, NY 10016 Copyright © Janam Mukherjee 2015  \nAll rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, without the prior permission in writing of Oxford University Press, or as expressly permitted by law, by license, or under terms agreed with the appropriate reproduction rights organization. Inquiries concerning reproduction outside the scope of the above should be sent to the Rights Department, Oxford University Press, at the address above.  \nYou must not circulate this work in any other form and you must impose this same condition on any acquirer.  \nLibrary of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data is available Janam Mukherjee.  \nHungry Bengal: War, Famine and the End of Empire.  \nISBN: 9780190209889  \n“Unknown to me the wounds ofthe famine of 1943, the barbarities of war, the horror of the communal riots of 1946 were impinging on my style and engraving themselves on it, till there came a time when whatever I did, whether it was chiseling a piece of wood, or burning metal with acid to create a gaping hole, or cutting and tearing with no premeditated design, it would throw up innumerable wounds, bodying forth a single theme—the figures of the deprived, the destitute and the abandoned converging on us from all directions. The first chalk marks of famine that had passed from the fingers to engrave themselves on the heart persist indelibly.”*  \n—Somnath Hore  \n* Sarkar, Nikhil. A Matter of Conscience: Artists Bear Witness to the Great Bengal Famine of 1943. (Calcutta: Punascha, 1998), pg. 32  \nCONTENTS  \nAcknowledgements xi  \nMap xiii  \nIntroduction: In Search of Famine 1  \nFraming Famine 1  \nTotal War 7  \n“The Bengal Famine of 1943” 11  \nThe Calcutta Riots 16  \nPerspective 19  \n1. War 23  \nFood Security 25  \nEnforcing Morale 30  \nHearts and Minds 36  \nThe Countryside 38  \nEstablishing Priorities 41  \nThe Fortress Falls 43  \nBurmese Days 46  \nNobody’s Home 47  \nProvincial Politics and War 49  \n2. Denial 55  \n“Denial” 58  \nThe Denial Resolution 67  \nQuit India 71  \nEconomic Warfare 74  \nContents  \nStorm 78  \nChristmas in Calcutta 81  \n3. Priorities 85  \nThe “Steel Frame” 87  \nImports 92  \nStarving Indians 94  \nHunger Artist 99  \nDe-control 102  \nSection 93 103  \nThe Scramble for Rice 106  \nAbandoning the Basic Plan 109  \n4. Famine 115  \nFood Drive 116  \nLast Ditch Denials 121  \n“Famine” 125  \nStarvation 128  \n“Sick Destitutes” 131  \nRound-ups and Resistance 134  \nBengal in Ruins 138  \nThe Good Viceroy 140  \n5. Japan Attacks 145  \nThe Forgotten Chapter 145  \nThe Port of Calcutta 147  \nJapan Attacks 150  \nDamage Control 156  \nBodies 157  \nSettling Accounts 163  \nAir Raid Damage 167  \n6. Second Famine 171  \nEnding Famine 172  \nWhose Famine? 175  \nGoverning Bengal 181  \nImports 184  \nFamine Enquiry 188  \nPolitics 192  \nThe Lean Season 196","cbCaitT2YPub45WM","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaitT2YPub45WM","pdf",6101114,1,346,"English","en",105,"# Introduction: In Search of Famine\n## Framing Famine\n## Total War\n## “The Bengal Famine of 1943”\n## The Calcutta Riots\n# 1. War\n## Food Security\n## Enforcing Morale\n## The Countryside\n## Establishing Priorities\n# 2. Denial\n## “Denial”\n## The Denial Resolution\n## Quit India\n## Economic Warfare\n# 3. Priorities\n## The “Steel Frame”\n## Imports\n## Starving Indians\n## De-control\n# 4. Famine\n## Food Drive\n## “Famine”\n## Starvation\n## Round-ups and Resistance\n# 5. Japan Attacks\n## The Forgotten Chapter\n## The Port of Calcutta\n## Damage Control\n## Bodies\n# 6. Second Famine\n## Ending Famine\n## Whose Famine?\n## Governing Bengal\n## The Lean Season","[{\"question\":\"What central historical circumstances does the book connect to the Bengal famine of 1943?\",\"answer\":\"The narrative links the famine to wartime conditions of “total war,” exploring how food security, morale, and government priorities shaped the crisis.\"},{\"question\":\"How does the book describe the role of denial in the unfolding famine?\",\"answer\":\"Denial and policy responses are presented as key stages, including the Denial Resolution and actions taken around Quit India and economic warfare.\"},{\"question\":\"What later developments broaden the account beyond 1943?\",\"answer\":\"The book covers the Calcutta riots and Japan’s attacks and then moves into a “second famine,” examining how governance and imports continued to affect starvation.\"}]",1783310584,533,{"code":4,"msg":30,"data":31},"ok",{"site_id":24,"language":23,"slug":32,"title":13,"keywords":33,"description":14,"schema_data":34,"social_meta":85,"head_meta":87,"extra_data":89,"updated_unix":27},"hungry-bengal-war-famine-and-the-end-of-empire","",{"@graph":35,"@context":84},[36,52,67],{"@type":37,"itemListElement":38},"BreadcrumbList",[39,43,46,49],{"item":40,"name":41,"@type":42,"position":20},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":44,"name":45,"@type":42,"position":11},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/","Document",{"item":47,"name":12,"@type":42,"position":48},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/literature/",3,{"item":50,"name":13,"@type":42,"position":51},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/hungry-bengal-war-famine-and-the-end-of-empire/40351/",4,{"url":50,"name":13,"@type":53,"author":54,"headline":13,"publisher":56,"fileFormat":59,"inLanguage":23,"description":14,"dateModified":60,"datePublished":61,"encodingFormat":59,"isAccessibleForFree":62,"interactionStatistic":63},"DigitalDocument",{"name":9,"@type":55},"Person",{"url":40,"name":57,"@type":58},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-07-11","2026-07-06",true,{"@type":64,"interactionType":65,"userInteractionCount":11},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":66},"ViewAction",{"@type":68,"mainEntity":69},"FAQPage",[70,76,80],{"name":71,"@type":72,"acceptedAnswer":73},"What central historical circumstances does the book connect to the Bengal famine of 1943?","Question",{"text":74,"@type":75},"The narrative links the famine to wartime conditions of “total war,” exploring how food security, morale, and government priorities shaped the crisis.","Answer",{"name":77,"@type":72,"acceptedAnswer":78},"How does the book describe the role of denial in the unfolding famine?",{"text":79,"@type":75},"Denial and policy responses are presented as key stages, including the Denial Resolution and actions taken around Quit India and economic warfare.",{"name":81,"@type":72,"acceptedAnswer":82},"What later developments broaden the account beyond 1943?",{"text":83,"@type":75},"The book covers the Calcutta riots and Japan’s attacks and then moves into a “second famine,” examining how governance and imports continued to affect starvation.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":50,"og:type":86,"og:title":13,"og:site_name":57,"og:description":14},"article",{"robots":88,"canonical":50},"index,follow",{"doc_id":7,"site_id":24},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":91},[92,96,99,103,108,113,118,123,128,131,135],{"id":20,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":45,"category_name":93,"show_sort_weight":94,"slug":95},"Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":11,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":45,"category_name":12,"show_sort_weight":97,"slug":98},80,"literature",{"id":51,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":45,"category_name":100,"show_sort_weight":101,"slug":102},"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":104,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":45,"category_name":105,"show_sort_weight":106,"slug":107},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":109,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":45,"category_name":110,"show_sort_weight":111,"slug":112},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":114,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":45,"category_name":115,"show_sort_weight":116,"slug":117},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":119,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":45,"category_name":120,"show_sort_weight":121,"slug":122},8,"Research & Report",30,"research-report",{"id":124,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":45,"category_name":125,"show_sort_weight":126,"slug":127},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":126,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":45,"category_name":129,"show_sort_weight":126,"slug":130},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":132,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":45,"category_name":133,"show_sort_weight":132,"slug":134},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":136,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":45,"category_name":137,"show_sort_weight":104,"slug":138},19,"General","general"]