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It explains how postwar efforts led to United Nations cooperation and the 1948 Universal Declaration, later supplemented by two 1966 covenants and an optional protocol. The text further outlines European regional mechanisms, including the 1950 Council of Europe convention, the European Convention on Human Rights, and the European Social 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European regional instruments are described as key safeguards?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"The text highlights the Council of Europe convention from 1950, the European Convention on Human Rights with additional protocols, and the European Social Charter signed in 1961 and in force in 1965.","Answer","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":116,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":118,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":120,"site_id":62},408843,1791485271,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":123},{"doc_id":120,"user_id":124,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":125,"doc_module":4,"category_id":44,"category_name":45,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":126,"file_id":127,"file_url":128,"file_type":129,"file_size":130,"view_count":14,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":131,"language":132,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":133,"faqs":134,"seo_title":135,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":136,"read_time":137},13056703019404,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_29158cc5080c5b710cf443261637dec0","byHans Danelius  \nHuman Rightsin Sweden  \nby HANS DANELIUS  \nDeputy Head of the Legal Department,Ministry for Foreign Affairs  \nSecond revised editionTranslation:Roger TannerDesign:Vidar Forsberg  \nPrinted by ABEgnellska BoktryckerietStockholm,1973  \nContents  \nIntroduction  \nDevelopment of Human Rights in SwedenProtection of Life and Limb  \nProhibition of Slavery and Forced LabourPersonal Liberty  \nRule of Law through Judicial ProcedureProtection of Privacy,Family Life,Home and Correspondence  \nFreedom of Thought,Conscience and ReligionFreedom of Expression  \nRight ofAssembly and AssociationProperty Rights  \nOther Rights and LibertiesIndex  \n5  \n7  \n12  \n17  \n21  \n32  \n4450535557  \n59  \n# Introduction\n\nThroughout history philosophers and lawyers in many countries with varyingsocial structures have been concerned to devise means of protecting the vitalinterests of the individual against the onslaughts of authority.In earlier centuriesEngland in particular has set an example to the rest of the world with regard to theprotection of individual interests by an effective rule of law,as witness MagnaCarta of 1215,the Habeas Corpus Act of 1679 and the Bill of Rights of 1689.Ofmore immediate importance,however,to our own international regulation of theprotection of vital individual interests is the doctrine based on the concept ofnatural law and developed during the Enlightenment,postulating certain inalien-able human rights which the State on no account may set aside.This doctrineattained its fullest expression in the French declaration of human and civil rights of1789,which had an enormous effect on subsequent ideological developments.Thesame epoch also saw the framing of the declarations of rights incorporated in theconstitution of the United States(1788)as well as those of several of its memberstates.  \nMost of the constitutions drawn up in the 19th and early 20th centuries includedrules for safeguarding human and civil rights.Such safeguards were then regardedas a purely national concern and were not made the subject of any form ofinternational co-operation.Nor did the upheaval of World War I change much inthis respect.The tasks of the League of Nations did not include that of ensuring theobservance of human rignts by its member states.At the same time there was,however,a measure of internationalization in the regulation of the legal status ofcertain national minorities,e.g.they were entitled to appeal either to the League orto a special organ against infringements of laws passed for their protection.  \nBasically,however,all efforts to enhance the legal security of the individualwere made on the national plane.Thus the constitution adopted in 1919 for theWeimar Republic included a singularly exhaustive catalogue of the human rightsto be enjoyed by the individual citizen.The contrast between these guarantees andthe violations of the rights of the individual that were perpetrated in Germanyduring the 1930s and World War II showed beyond all shadow of doubt how easilynationally based guarantees could be set aside and what terrifying oppressionpeople could be subjected to by a despotic totalitariangovernment.  \nThus one can readily understand the efforts made during the postwar years toframe international guarantees of human rights in the hope,perhaps too optimistica hope at that,of preventing a repetion of past abuses.Accordingly,one of themain tasks of the United Nations was defined as that of achieving international co-operation \"in promoting and encouraging respect for human rights and for  \nfundamental freedoms for all without distinction as to race,sex,language orreligion”(Article I of the United Nations Charter).One important result of thework of the United Nations in this sector is the Universal Declaration of HumanRights adopted by the General Assembly in 1948.Apart from those civil rightswhich one might call human rights in the classical sense,this Declaration alsoincludes a number of rights concerning the economic,social a","cbCaiqhm5w0bP4fU","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaiqhm5w0bP4fU","pdf",3527274,68,"English","# Introduction\n# Development of Human Rights in Sweden","[{\"question\":\"Which European regional instruments are described as key safeguards?\",\"answer\":\"The text highlights the Council of Europe convention from 1950, the European Convention on Human Rights with additional protocols, and the European Social Charter signed in 1961 and in force in 1965.\"}]","Human Rights in Sweden - Introduction | PDF",1790580729,171]