[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":3,"doc-seo-370775-105":59,"doc-detail-370775-en":130},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",[7,13,18,23,28,33,38,43,48,51,55],{"id":8,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":10,"show_sort_weight":11,"slug":12},1,"Document","Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":14,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":15,"show_sort_weight":16,"slug":17},2,"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":19,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":20,"show_sort_weight":21,"slug":22},4,"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":24,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":25,"show_sort_weight":26,"slug":27},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":29,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":30,"show_sort_weight":31,"slug":32},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":34,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":35,"show_sort_weight":36,"slug":37},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":39,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":40,"show_sort_weight":41,"slug":42},8,"Research & Report",30,"research-report",{"id":44,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":45,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":47},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":46,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":49,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":50},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":52,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":53,"show_sort_weight":52,"slug":54},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":56,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":57,"show_sort_weight":24,"slug":58},19,"General","general",{"code":4,"msg":60,"data":61},"ok",{"site_id":62,"language":63,"slug":64,"title":65,"keywords":66,"description":67,"schema_data":68,"social_meta":123,"head_meta":125,"extra_data":127,"updated_unix":129},105,"en","hpv-vaccines-an-overview","HPV Vaccines - An Overview","","Human papilloma viruses (HPVs) infect stratified epithelium of skin and mucosa and are classified into high-risk and low-risk types according to oncogenic potential. Worldwide, HPV contributes to about 730,000 cancer cases. The review traces major vaccine approvals, including Gardasil, Cervarix, and Gardasil 9, and summarizes currently available prophylactic vaccines. It details vaccine coverage, safety in trials, effects on cervical intra-epithelial neoplasia, and discusses evidence for preventive versus off-label therapeutic uses, along with indications, adverse effects, contraindications, and epidemiological impact.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":35,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/healthcare/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/hpv-vaccines-an-overview/370775/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/hpv-vaccines-an-overview/370775.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"McQueen","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-30","2026-09-23",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":44},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"How are HPVs classified in relation to cancer risk?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"HPVs are divided into high-risk and low-risk types based on oncogenic potential. High-risk types are responsible for invasive cervical carcinoma, with HPV 16 and 18 accounting for the majority.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"Which major HPV vaccines and approvals are highlighted?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"The review notes the first FDA-approved vaccine Gardasil in June 2006, Cervarix in 2007, and Gardasil 9 in 2014. It also describes multiple prophylactic vaccine options currently available.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"Are HPV vaccines approved only for prevention or also for treatment?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"Available vaccines are approved for prophylactic use only. The review discusses attempts to use HPV vaccines therapeutically, noting conflicting reports on efficacy and coverage of off-label therapeutic uses.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},370775,1790297084,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":34,"category_name":35,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":44,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":139,"language":140,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":141,"faqs":142,"seo_title":143,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":144,"read_time":145},5909890329169,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_9964176cb1d06d4a9deccf72a44ae3dc","REVIEW ARTICLE  \nHPV Vaccines – An Overview  \nAparajita Ghosh, Sambit Chatterjee, Ananya Dawn, Anupam Das  \nAbstract  \nHuman papilloma viruses (HPVs) are a group of viruses that can infect the stratified epithelium of the skin and mucosa. Based on their oncogenic potential, they can be divided into high risk and low risk types. HPV accounts for 7,30,000 cases of cancers all over the world. In June 2006, the first HPV vaccine – Gardasil – was approved by the FDA. After this in 2007, Cervarix was approved and finally Gardasil 9 in 2014. Currently, there are six prophylactic vaccines against HPV, of which five have been pre-qualified by WHO. The bivalent vaccines offer protection against acquiring HPV 16 and 18, which cause 70% of cervical cancers. The quadrivalent and nonavalent vaccines offer additional protection against low-risk HPV 6 and 11. The currently available vaccines have been found to be safe in both pre-and post-licensure trials. The vaccines offer excellent protection against cervical intra-epithelial neoplasia of grade 2 and 3. The role of HPV vaccines in prevention of other cancers is mostly supported by small retrospective studies. The currently available vaccines are approved for prophylactic use only. There have been attempts to use HPV vaccines therapeutically, and there are conflicting reports regarding their efficacy. This article reviews the currently available vaccines, their indications, adverse effects, contraindications, and epidemiological impact. It also highlights the off label therapeutic uses in various conditions and other potential vaccine candidates.  \nKEy words: Human papilloma virus, nonavalent, quadrivalent  \nFrom the Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprosy, KPC Medical College and Hospital, West Bengal, India  \nAddress for correspondence:  \nDr. Sambit Chatterjee, Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprosy, KPC Medical College and Hospital, West Bengal, India.  \nE-mail: [sambitchat@yahoo.co.in](sambitchat@yahoo.co.in)  \nHuman Papilloma Virus: Structure and Genome  \nHuman papilloma viruses (HPVs) are a group of non-enveloped, double-stranded DNA viruses that can infect the stratified epithelium of the skin or mucosa. Currently, more than 200 types of HPVs have been characterised based on comparison of whole genomic sequences or sub-genomic segments and are grouped into the alpha, beta, gamma, mu, and nu families [Table 1] . [1,2] Of these, around 40 are known to infect the mucosa and are transmitted sexually. Based on their oncogenic potential, these have been classified as “High risk types” and “Low risk types”. The high-risk types include HPV 16, 18, 31, 33, 35, 39, 45, 51, 52, 56, 58, 59, 66, and 68 and are responsible for almost all cases of invasive cervical carcinoma with types 16 and 18 accounting for the majority.  \nThe HPV establishes and maintains its infection in the undifferentiated basal cells, and activation of viral genes results in production of 20 to 100 extrachromosomal copies of viral DNA per basal cell. During cell division, the viral DNA is partitioned into  \n\n| Access this article online |  |\n| --- | --- |\n| Quick Response Code:\u003Cbr>| Website: [https:](https://journals.lww.com/ijd)[//](https://journals.lww.com/ijd)[journals.lww.com/ijd](https://journals.lww.com/ijd) |\n|  | DOI: 10.4103/ijd.ijd_805_24 |\n\nthe daughter cells which unlike normal keratinocytes remain actively dividing even while migrating to the stratum granulosum. This immortalisation is achieved due to the action of the E6 and E7 viral oncoproteins. The E6 oncoprotein binds to the tumour suppressor protein p53, leading to its rapid turnover, while E7 binds to the retinoblastoma family of tumour suppressorsand other proteins involved in cell cycle regulation. The corresponding proteins (E6 and E7) of “Low risk types” do not function as oncoproteins. [3] Interestingly, the oldest and the commonly used immortalised cell line in scientific research, the HeLa cell line obtained from cervical ca","cbCaipEa3DD3x7IG","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaipEa3DD3x7IG","pdf",733003,13,"English","# Abstract\n# Human Papilloma Virus: Structure and Genome\n## Virus classification and oncogenic risk\n## Infection biology and genome organization\n# HPV vaccine landscape and evidence","[{\"question\":\"How are HPVs classified in relation to cancer risk?\",\"answer\":\"HPVs are divided into high-risk and low-risk types based on oncogenic potential. High-risk types are responsible for invasive cervical carcinoma, with HPV 16 and 18 accounting for the majority.\"},{\"question\":\"Which major HPV vaccines and approvals are highlighted?\",\"answer\":\"The review notes the first FDA-approved vaccine Gardasil in June 2006, Cervarix in 2007, and Gardasil 9 in 2014. It also describes multiple prophylactic vaccine options currently available.\"},{\"question\":\"Are HPV vaccines approved only for prevention or also for treatment?\",\"answer\":\"Available vaccines are approved for prophylactic use only. The review discusses attempts to use HPV vaccines therapeutically, noting conflicting reports on efficacy and coverage of off-label therapeutic uses.\"}]","HPV Vaccines - An Overview | PDF",1790190301,33]