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Despite highly effective HPV vaccines and screening programs worldwide, HPV-related cancers remain a significant global public health burden. PubMed and GLOBOCAN searches identify available data on HPV prevalence/genotypes and HPV-related malignancies in BH, including vaccination and cervical cancer screening. Findings show limited data and an absence of national HPV vaccination or organized cervical screening, with notable prevalence estimates across gynecologic, head and neck, colorectal, and cervical cancers. Key recommendations emphasize national vaccination, organized screening, a cancer registry, and public awareness to reduce morbidity and mortality.",{"@graph":69,"@context":123},[70,84,106],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":35,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/healthcare/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/hpv-related-cancers-in-bosnia-and-herzegovina-a-comprehensive-review/329849/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/hpv-related-cancers-in-bosnia-and-herzegovina-a-comprehensive-review/329849.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Valentina","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-29","2026-09-21",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":105},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",12,{"@type":107,"mainEntity":108},"FAQPage",[109,115,119],{"name":110,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":112},"What is the main purpose of this review on HPV-related cancers in Bosnia and Herzegovina?","Question",{"text":113,"@type":114},"To assess the burden of HPV-related cancers in Bosnia and Herzegovina and to inform strategies for prevention and early detection.","Answer",{"name":116,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":117},"What does the review find about HPV prevalence and available data in Bosnia and Herzegovina?",{"text":118,"@type":114},"It finds limited published data and reports that HPV prevalence was 43% among women in routine gynecologic exams, with additional estimates across head and neck and colorectal cancers.",{"name":120,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":121},"Why does the review stress national HPV vaccination and organized screening programs?",{"text":122,"@type":114},"Because HPV-related cancers, especially cervical cancer, remain a major public health problem, and implementing vaccination plus organized cervical screening is described as essential to reduce morbidity and mortality.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":125,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":127,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":129,"site_id":62},329849,1790355599,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":132},{"doc_id":129,"user_id":133,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":134,"doc_module":4,"category_id":34,"category_name":35,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":135,"file_id":136,"file_url":137,"file_type":138,"file_size":139,"view_count":105,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":140,"language":141,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":142,"faqs":143,"seo_title":144,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":145,"read_time":146},13056703020460,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/avatar/be000253dac470eee5d?_k=1778207105932848923","Clinical Medicine   Review Article  \nActa Medica Academica 2024;53(3):237-273 DOI: 10.5644/ama2006-124 .458  \nHPV-Related Cancers in Bosnia and Herzegovina: A Comprehensive Review  \nAna Paric1, Kresimir Tomic1, Lejla Alidzanovic2, Adnan Fojnica3, Semir Vranic4  \n1Department of Oncology, University Hospital Center Mostar, Mostar, Bosnia and Herzegovina, 2Department of Oncology, University Clinical Center Tuzla, Tuzla, Bosnia and Herzegovina, 3Institute of Virology, TUM School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany, 4College of Medicine, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar Correspondence: [svranic@anubih.ba](svranic@anubih.ba); [svranic@qu.edu.qa](svranic@qu.edu.qa); Tel.: + 974 4403 7873  \nReceived: 12 September 2024; Accepted: 17 October 2024  \nAbstract  \nThis review assesses the burden of human papillomavirus (HPV)-related cancers in Bosnia and Herzegovina (BH), aiming to inform strategies for prevention and early detection. Despite the availability of highly effective HPV vaccines and screening programs, HPV-related cancers remain a significant public health burden worldwide. We conducted a comprehensive search of PubMed and GLOBOCAN to identify all available data on HPV prevalence/genotype and HPV-related malignancies in BH, including information on HPV vaccination and cervical cancer screening. A comprehensive literature search revealed limited data on HPV prevalence and HPV-related cancers, as well as the absence of a national HPV vaccination or cervical cancer screening program in BH. In the largest study with available data from BH, HPV prevalence was 43% among women undergoing routine gynecologic exams. HPV-16 was identified as the most common cause of cervical cancer. The HPV prevalence was 50% in head and neck cancer, with HPV-18 being the most prevalent subtype. HPV was detected in 80% of patients with colorectal cancer, and HPV-16 was the most common subtype. Conclusions. HPV-related cancers, particularly cervical cancer, represent a significant public health problem in BH. Implementation of a national HPV vaccination program, along with organized cervical cancer screening is essential to reduce HPV-related morbidity and mortality. Addressing systemic challenges, such as establishing a comprehensive cancer registry, is essential for effective HPV prevention and control. Raising public awareness about HPV infection, its consequences, and the importance of prevention is essential for vaccine acceptance and promoting healthy behaviors. By investing in HPV prevention, BH can significantly improve the health and well-being of its population, particularly women.  \nKeyWords: Human Papillomavirus 􀂃 Bosnia and Herzegovina 􀂃 Cancers 􀂃 Vaccination 􀂃 Screening.  \nIntroduction  \nOverview of Human Papillomavirus (HPV) and Its Association with Various Cancers  \nThe HPV virus is a small deoxyribonucleotide acid (DNA) virus that is the most common cause of sexually transmitted diseases worldwide. HPVis primarily transmitted through sexual contact, including vaginal, anal, and oral sex. While most HPV infections are asymptomatic and resolve spontaneously, persistent infections with certain high-risk HPV subtypes can lead to precancerous changes and ultimately cancer. There are over 200 identified HPV subtypes, but only 12 are  \nconsidered high-risk and linked to cancer development (1). Cervical cancer is the most recognized HPV-related malignancy. HPV-16 and 18 are primarily responsible for its development. However, HPV’s oncogenic potential extends beyond the cervix. It is a significant causative factor in other anogenital cancers, including vaginal, vulvar, anal, and penile cancers. It is a primary cause of vaginal and vulvar cancers, contributing to approximately 75% and 69% of cases, respectively (2) . Globally, there has been a substantial increase in HPV-related oropharyngeal cancers, linked to rising rates of sexually transmitted HPV infection. HPV-related oropharyngeal cancers generally have a more","cbCaitZqtKfWlAPI","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaitZqtKfWlAPI","pdf",1331634,37,"English","# Abstract\n# Introduction\n## Overview of Human Papillomavirus (HPV) and Its Association with Various Cancers\n## Prevention and early detection\n## Importance of Studying HPV-related Cancers in BH","[{\"question\":\"What is the main purpose of this review on HPV-related cancers in Bosnia and Herzegovina?\",\"answer\":\"To assess the burden of HPV-related cancers in Bosnia and Herzegovina and to inform strategies for prevention and early detection.\"},{\"question\":\"What does the review find about HPV prevalence and available data in Bosnia and Herzegovina?\",\"answer\":\"It finds limited published data and reports that HPV prevalence was 43% among women in routine gynecologic exams, with additional estimates across head and neck and colorectal cancers.\"},{\"question\":\"Why does the review stress national HPV vaccination and organized screening programs?\",\"answer\":\"Because HPV-related cancers, especially cervical cancer, remain a major public health problem, and implementing vaccination plus organized cervical screening is described as essential to reduce morbidity and mortality.\"}]","HPV-Related Cancers in Bosnia and Herzegovina - A Comprehensive Review | PDF",1789985808,93]