[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":3,"doc-seo-367194-105":59,"doc-detail-367194-en":131},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",[7,13,18,23,28,33,38,43,48,51,55],{"id":8,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":10,"show_sort_weight":11,"slug":12},1,"Document","Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":14,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":15,"show_sort_weight":16,"slug":17},2,"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":19,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":20,"show_sort_weight":21,"slug":22},4,"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":24,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":25,"show_sort_weight":26,"slug":27},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":29,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":30,"show_sort_weight":31,"slug":32},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":34,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":35,"show_sort_weight":36,"slug":37},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":39,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":40,"show_sort_weight":41,"slug":42},8,"Research & Report",30,"research-report",{"id":44,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":45,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":47},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":46,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":49,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":50},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":52,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":53,"show_sort_weight":52,"slug":54},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":56,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":57,"show_sort_weight":24,"slug":58},19,"General","general",{"code":4,"msg":60,"data":61},"ok",{"site_id":62,"language":63,"slug":64,"title":65,"keywords":66,"description":67,"schema_data":68,"social_meta":124,"head_meta":126,"extra_data":128,"updated_unix":130},105,"en","hpv-infection-and-oral-microbiota-interactions-and-future-implications","HPV Infection and Oral Microbiota: Interactions and Future Implications","","Human papillomavirus (HPV) drives mucosal cancers, with rising rates of HPV-related head and neck malignancies. Oral microbiota comprise bacteria, fungi, and viruses whose dysbiosis contributes to inflammation, immune suppression, and cancer progression. Evidence supports a bidirectional, complex interaction between HPV and oral microbiota that may shape viral persistence, immune signaling, and the tumor microenvironment. The review also highlights oral microbiota as a promising biomarker for HPV detection and disease monitoring, and evaluates probiotic-based microbiome modulation as a potential preventive or therapeutic strategy.",{"@graph":69,"@context":123},[70,84,106],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":35,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/healthcare/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/hpv-infection-and-oral-microbiota-interactions-and-future-implications/367194/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/hpv-infection-and-oral-microbiota-interactions-and-future-implications/367194.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Ezra","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-27","2026-09-23",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":105},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",14,{"@type":107,"mainEntity":108},"FAQPage",[109,115,119],{"name":110,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":112},"How does oral microbiota dysbiosis relate to HPV-associated cancers?","Question",{"text":113,"@type":114},"Oral microbiota dysbiosis is linked to inflammation, immune suppression, and cancer progression. This imbalance can support malignant transformation and tumor-promoting processes in the host.","Answer",{"name":116,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":117},"What is the proposed role of interactions between HPV and oral microbiota?",{"text":118,"@type":114},"The interaction may influence viral persistence, immune responses, and the local tumor microenvironment. By affecting microbiota balance, these interactions may alter disease outcomes and treatment responses.",{"name":120,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":121},"How can oral microbiota be used clinically for HPV-related disease?",{"text":122,"@type":114},"Oral microbiota composition is increasingly recognized as a biomarker for HPV-related cancers. It may support early detection, risk assessment, and disease progress monitoring.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":125,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":127,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":129,"site_id":62},367194,1790371950,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":132},{"doc_id":129,"user_id":133,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":134,"doc_module":4,"category_id":34,"category_name":35,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":135,"file_id":136,"file_url":137,"file_type":138,"file_size":139,"view_count":105,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":140,"language":141,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":142,"faqs":143,"seo_title":144,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":145,"read_time":146},1099514068035,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_276721f389ce27ea32af1340a28f341c","Review  \nHPV Infection and Oral Microbiota: Interactions and Future Implications  \nQingqing Xia * and Sarah Pierson  \nAcademic Editors: James K. Bashkin and Marco Ciotti  \nReceived: 31 December 2024  \nRevised: 28 January 2025  \nAccepted: 6 February 2025  \nPublished: 8 February 2025  \nCitation: Xia, Q.; Pierson, S. HPV Infection and Oral Microbiota:  \nInteractions and Future Implications. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2025, 26, 1424 . [https://doi.org/10.3390/](https://doi.org/10.3390/)[ ](https://doi.org/10.3390/)ijms26041424  \nCopyright: © 2025 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license ([https://creativecommons.org/](https://creativecommons.org/)[ ](https://creativecommons.org/)[licenses/by/4.0/](licenses/by/4.0/)) .  \nDepartment of Clinical Investigation, Brooke Army Medical Center, San Antonio, TX 78234, USA; [sarah.l.pierson.mil@health.mil](sarah.l.pierson.mil@health.mil)  \n* Correspondence: [qingqing.xia.civ@health.mil](qingqing.xia.civ@health.mil)  \nAbstract: Human papillomavirus (HPV) is a leading cause of mucosal cancers, including the increasing incidence of HPV-related head and neck cancers. The oral microbiota—a diverse community of bacteria, fungi, and viruses—play a critical role in oral and systemic health. Oral microbiota dysbiosis is increasingly linked to inflammation, immune suppression, and cancer progression. Recent studies have highlighted a complex interaction between HPV and oral microbiota, suggesting this interplay influences viral persistence, immune response and the tumor microenvironment. These interactions hold significant implications for disease progression, clinical outcomes, and therapeutic approaches. Furthermore, the oral microbiota has emerged as a promising biomarker for HPV detection and disease progress assessment. In addition, probiotic-based treatments are gaining attention as an innovative approach for preventing or treating HPV-related cancers by modulating the microbial environment. In this review, current research on the interaction between HPV and oral microbiota is provided, their clinical implications are explored, and the future potential for utilizing microbiota for diagnostic and therapeutic innovations in HPV-associated cancers is discussed.  \nKeywords: HPV infection; oral microbiota; oral cancers; interaction; oral cancer biomarkers; probiotic treatment  \n1. Introduction  \nHuman papillomavirus (HPV) is one of the most prevalent viruses associated with the development of various mucosal cancers, particularly cervical and oropharyngeal cancers. While much attention has been paid to its role in genital cancers, the increasing incidence of HPV-related head and neck cancer highlights the importance of HPV in the oral cavity [1,2] . The oral microbial flora, which includes bacteria, fungi, and virus, plays a crucial role in maintaining both oral and systemic health [3] . Dysbiosis, or imbalance, in this microbial community has been associated with excessive inflammatory reaction, immunosuppression of the host, promotion of malignant transformation, antiapoptotic activity, and secretion of carcinogens [4–6] .  \nEmerging research has suggested that the interaction between HPV and the oral microbiota may play a critical role in the pathogenesis of HPV-related oral cancers, which could influence viral persistence, immune response, and the local tumor microenvironment, potentially altering disease outcomes and responses to treatment [5,7,8] . Recent studies have highlighted the complex relationship between HPV and dynamic oral microbiota, emphasizing that its balance is essential not only for oral health but also for disease progression and cancer development [9,10] . However, the role of microbial-viral interactions in the initiation, development, and progression of HPV-related cancers remains unclear.  \nThe oral microbiota has been increasingly recognized","cbCaisM506dQDfE3","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaisM506dQDfE3","pdf",703534,18,"English","# Introduction\n# Overview of HPV and Oral Infections","[{\"question\":\"How does oral microbiota dysbiosis relate to HPV-associated cancers?\",\"answer\":\"Oral microbiota dysbiosis is linked to inflammation, immune suppression, and cancer progression. This imbalance can support malignant transformation and tumor-promoting processes in the host.\"},{\"question\":\"What is the proposed role of interactions between HPV and oral microbiota?\",\"answer\":\"The interaction may influence viral persistence, immune responses, and the local tumor microenvironment. By affecting microbiota balance, these interactions may alter disease outcomes and treatment responses.\"},{\"question\":\"How can oral microbiota be used clinically for HPV-related disease?\",\"answer\":\"Oral microbiota composition is increasingly recognized as a biomarker for HPV-related cancers. It may support early detection, risk assessment, and disease progress monitoring.\"}]","HPV Infection and Oral Microbiota: Interactions and Future Implications | PDF",1790169677,45]