[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":3,"doc-seo-584050-105":59,"doc-detail-584050-en":130},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",[7,13,18,23,28,33,38,43,48,51,55],{"id":8,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":10,"show_sort_weight":11,"slug":12},1,"Document","Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":14,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":15,"show_sort_weight":16,"slug":17},2,"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":19,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":20,"show_sort_weight":21,"slug":22},4,"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":24,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":25,"show_sort_weight":26,"slug":27},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":29,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":30,"show_sort_weight":31,"slug":32},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":34,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":35,"show_sort_weight":36,"slug":37},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":39,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":40,"show_sort_weight":41,"slug":42},8,"Research & Report",30,"research-report",{"id":44,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":45,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":47},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":46,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":49,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":50},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":52,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":53,"show_sort_weight":52,"slug":54},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":56,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":57,"show_sort_weight":24,"slug":58},19,"General","general",{"code":4,"msg":60,"data":61},"ok",{"site_id":62,"language":63,"slug":64,"title":65,"keywords":66,"description":67,"schema_data":68,"social_meta":123,"head_meta":125,"extra_data":127,"updated_unix":129},105,"en","how-vouchers-harm-public-schools-report-hilary-wething-december-19-2024","How vouchers harm public schools - Report - Hilary Wething - December 19, 2024","","Voucher programs for schools increasingly expand across the country by using public budgets to fund parents to send children to private school or homeschool them. EPI’s analysis argues these programs harm public schools by redirecting money away from traditional public systems. The report introduces a fiscal externality framework and an accompanying calculator estimating the dollar costs district-level spending faces when enrollment declines under vouchers. It also illustrates results for Ohio’s Cleveland district, showing sizable per-pupil and total losses.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":40,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/how-vouchers-harm-public-schools-report-hilary-wething-december-19-2024/584050/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/how-vouchers-harm-public-schools-report-hilary-wething-december-19-2024/584050.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"\tCallum ","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-11-03","2026-10-15",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":29},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"What is the main argument of the report about school voucher programs?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"The report argues that voucher programs harm public schools by redirecting public education dollars away from traditional public school systems and creating negative fiscal effects for districts.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"What is a fiscal externality in this report’s context?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"Here, fiscal externality refers to the negative dollar costs imposed on school districts and families when voucher-driven enrollment declines intersect with fixed school costs.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"How does the report illustrate the impact of vouchers using an example?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"It provides an example from Ohio, calculating the fiscal externality from a 5% enrollment decline for the Cleveland Metropolitan School District, resulting in losses estimated between $364–$927 per pupil and $12–$31 million in total.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},584050,1792190891,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":39,"category_name":40,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":29,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":139,"language":140,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":141,"faqs":142,"seo_title":143,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":144,"read_time":145,"preview_page_count":4},137451211410,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/avatar/2000bb0a9246f588df?x-image-process=image/resize,m_fixed,w_180,h_180&k=1786362646172706240","How vouchers harm public schools  \nCalculating the cost of voucher programs to public school districts  \nReport • By Hilary Wething • December 19, 2024  \n • Washington, DC View this report [at](at epi.org/293055)[ epi.org/293055](at epi.org/293055)  \nOverview  \nWhat this report is about  \nVoucher programs for schools are rapidly expanding across the country. Under these programs, public budgets provide funding to parents to either send their children to private school or homeschool them.  \nThese programs’ growing popularity raises the question of whether letting public money leave the public school system and subsidize private forms of schooling is a way to improve children’s access to an excellent education. EPI’s analysis shows that vouchers harm public schools.  \nTo illustrate the damage, EPI has developed a tool that estimates fiscal externalities—the dollar costs to school districts from students leaving public schools with a voucher. An externality produces an outcome for those who aren’t responsible for the decision at hand. In this case, the fiscal externality is the negative effect that voucher programs will have on public school systems: Voucher programs redirect money away from traditional public schools.  \nUsers of the tool can try out different scenarios to see how much money students will lose out on. The fiscal externality helps to put a number to the reality that children who don’t participate in voucher programs will still bear the cost for educational choices that others make. The fiscal externality does not quantify the entire cost of voucher programs. It represents a piece of those costs, but an important, and often hidden, cost.  \nSome factors affecting the impact of voucher programs on public schools  \n• How many children will go to private schools or be homeschooled in a given year?  \n• How quickly will enrollment numbers in public schools fall?  \n• How many of the school district’s costs are fixed and can’t be changed in response to lower enrollment numbers? (For example, heating and cooling costs for school buildings will remain the same regardless of enrollment.)  \n• How many of the school district’s costs are variable and can be changed in response to the drop in enrollment numbers?  \n1  \nSummary  \nUniversal voucher programs for schools are rapidly expanding across the country. Under these programs, states give parents stipends to either homeschool their children or send them to private school.  \nThe growing popularity of vouchers raises a host of crucial questions and concerns. Key to informing the debate are questions of public finance and education quality. Is allowing public money to leave the public school system and follow kids to private schools the most effective or equitable way to make sure every child has access to an excellent education? Our view is that it’s not. Public dollars allocated to education should go to boosting spending in public systems, not subsidizing private education.  \nProponents of vouchers try to claim that expanding them would not harm public resources for education. Their argument hinges on the fact that public school spending is generally determined by governments setting a per-pupil allocation and then multiplying this allocation by projected enrollment. This funding model allows voucher proponents to claim that if vouchers pull children out of public schools, it still leaves per-pupil spending untouched, even though vouchers might reduce overall spending. In effect, proponents are arguing that vouchers would not degrade public schools’ ability to provide educational services.  \nBut there are many flaws in this argument. Most obviously, introducing any new demand on public expenditures will lead to some pressure throughout public budgets—including school budgets—even if it does not immediately come directly from public school allocations. Many vouchers end up going to students who have never been in public schools, so funding these students’ private school expenses","cbCaivgLhrUJt3dR","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaivgLhrUJt3dR","pdf",684987,22,"English","# Overview\n## What this report is about\n## Some factors affecting the impact of voucher programs on public schools\n# Summary\n## How vouchers affect public finance and education quality\n## Proponents’ claims and the report’s critique\n## The fiscal externality and the report’s contribution\n## Example: Ohio and Cleveland Metropolitan School District\n# Background on vouchers","[{\"question\":\"What is the main argument of the report about school voucher programs?\",\"answer\":\"The report argues that voucher programs harm public schools by redirecting public education dollars away from traditional public school systems and creating negative fiscal effects for districts.\"},{\"question\":\"What is a fiscal externality in this report’s context?\",\"answer\":\"Here, fiscal externality refers to the negative dollar costs imposed on school districts and families when voucher-driven enrollment declines intersect with fixed school costs.\"},{\"question\":\"How does the report illustrate the impact of vouchers using an example?\",\"answer\":\"It provides an example from Ohio, calculating the fiscal externality from a 5% enrollment decline for the Cleveland Metropolitan School District, resulting in losses estimated between $364–$927 per pupil and $12–$31 million in total.\"}]","How vouchers harm public schools - Report - Hilary Wething - December 19, 2024 | PDF",1792049624,55]