[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"doc-detail-38355-en":3,"doc-seo-38355-105":30,"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":91},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",{"doc_id":7,"user_id":8,"nickname":9,"user_avatar":10,"doc_module":4,"category_id":11,"category_name":12,"doc_title":13,"doc_description":14,"doc_content":15,"file_id":16,"file_url":17,"file_type":18,"file_size":19,"view_count":20,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":21,"is_downloadable":21,"audit_status":21,"page_count":22,"language":23,"language_code":24,"site_id":25,"html_lang":24,"table_of_contents":26,"faqs":27,"seo_title":13,"seo_description":14,"update_tm":28,"read_time":29},38355,13056703019404,"Miles","https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_29158cc5080c5b710cf443261637dec0",8,"Research & Report","How Race Is Made: Slavery, Segregation, and the Senses","How Race Is Made examines how racial identity in the American South was produced through everyday sensory life, linking beliefs about sight, sound, smell, touch, and taste to histories of slavery and segregation. Using historical evidence and close analysis, the work explains how racist ideas were learned, stabilized, and culturally reconstructed, moving from “making sense” of race to debunking the stereotypes and crisis-management narratives that framed perceived differences. Case studies connect sensory reasoning to major racial episodes and figures.","How Race Is Made  \nThis page intentionally left blank  \nhow race  \nıs  \nslavery, segregation, and the senses  \nmark m. smith  \nmade  \nthe university of north carolina press Chapel Hill  \n∫ 2006 Mark M. Smith All rights reserved  \nSet in Quadraat type by Keystone Typesetting Inc. Manufactured in the United States of America  \nThis book was published with the assistance of the Fred W. Morrison Fund for Southern Studies of the University of North Carolina Press.  \nThe paper in this book meets the guidelines for permanence and durability of the Committee on Production Guidelines for Book Longevity of the Council on Library Resources.  \nLibrary of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Smith, Mark M. (Mark Michael), 1968–  \nHow race is made : slavery, segregation, and the senses / by Mark M. Smith.  \n[p. cm](p. cm).  \nIncludes bibliographical references and index.  \nisbn-13: 978-0-8078-3002-4 (cloth : alk. paper)  \nisbn-10: 0-8078-3002-x (cloth : alk. paper)  \n1. Racism—Southern States—History. 2. Southern States—Race relations—History. 3. African Americans—Segregation.  \n4. African Americans—History—1877–1964 . 5. Senses and sensation—Southern States—History. 6. Stereotype (Psychology)—Southern States—History. I. Title. e185.61.s648 2006  \n305.896 %073075—dc22 2005022833 10 09 08 07 06 5 4 3 2 1  \nFor  \nTony Kushner, Eugene Genovese, Robert Weir, and  \nBennett Smith  \nThis page intentionally left blank  \ncontents  \nIntroduction: Making Sense of Race 1  \n1 Learning to Make Sense 11  \n2 Fooling Senses, Calming Crisis 29  \n3 Senses Reconstructed, Nonsense Redeemed 48  \n4 Finding Homer Plessy, Fixing Race 66  \n5 The Black Mind of the South 96  \n6 The Brown Concertina 115  \nNotes 141  \nAcknowledgments 191  \nIndex 195  \nillustrations  \n2.1. ‘‘Stowage of the British Slave Ship ‘Brookes’’’ 31  \n2.2. ‘‘Gordon’’ the slave 45  \n5.1. Two young ‘‘black’’ men in South Carolina in 1957 105 6.1. ‘‘The Negro, The Ape’’ 129  \n6.2. ‘‘The Kiss of Death’’ 133  \n6.3. ‘‘Youth Movements’’ 134  \nSeveral years ago I had a chance conversation in  \na loud church hall at a small wedding on one of those implausibly hot southern summer evenings. I had not been there long when I bumped into Frank. Frank knows my wife from high school, and we see him occasionally when mutual friends marry or get engaged. Slim, white, and tall, he patted me on the back and asked how I was doing. Frank isin his thirties, smart, southern, with a robust sense of humor. I like him. He asked about my ‘‘new book.’’ I smiled, suspecting I was about to learn something. My wife’s friends are a constant source of information about the South, always willing to share stories, ribald and refined, with her strange husband—an Englishman who studies southern history, no less.  \nI told him that I was working on an ambitious history of slavery and segregation. I did not elaborate, said nothing about my work on sensesand race, on how southern whites and blacks thought they saw, heard, smelled, touched, and tasted one another.  \n‘‘I’ve a story for you,’’ Frank o√ered. He lingered. ‘‘Now it isn’t polite.’’  \nI stepped in closer, listening hard, trying to parry the noise of the wedding band. Frank always had good stories.  \n‘‘My grandmother, real southern,’’ he said, accent thick with Carolina purl. I nodded.  \n‘‘Well, one day, years ago, probably in the twenties, she left her house on some errands. She returned, walked in, and discovered her house had been broken into.’’ He paused.  \n‘‘Know what she said?’’ He knew how to tell a story—as I said, a southerner. I shook my head.  \n‘‘I smell nigger.’’  \nThe historical record confirmed what I had just heard above the hubbub: white southerners believed they did not need their eyes alone to authenticate racial identity, presumed inferiority, and, in this instance, criminality. By this point in my research I had read enough letters, journals, and newspaper accounts to know that what Frank had just told","cbCaigP4vpE7Ck9R","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaigP4vpE7Ck9R","pdf",1339166,3,1,209,"English","en",105,"# Introduction: Making Sense of Race\n# Learning to Make Sense\n# Fooling Senses, Calming Crisis\n# Senses Reconstructed, Nonsense Redeemed\n# Finding Homer Plessy, Fixing Race\n# The Black Mind of the South\n# The Brown Concertina\n# Notes\n# Acknowledgments\n# Index","[{\"question\":\"这本书研究“种族”形成的核心视角是什么？\",\"answer\":\"书中以“理解感官（senses）如何参与种族意义的生成”为核心线索，考察南方白人和黑人如何通过看、听、闻、触、尝等感官经验来解释彼此并建构种族差异。\"},{\"question\":\"作者如何讨论感官与种族偏见之间的关系？\",\"answer\":\"作者指出，种族身份常被当作无需仅靠眼睛的“感官证据”，而是通过预设的劣等与犯罪性观念被确认与强化。\"},{\"question\":\"书中的章节安排体现了哪些研究推进方式？\",\"answer\":\"目录从“学习如何理解种族”出发，依次讨论如何在危机中平息与“欺骗感官”，再到重建感官、纠正对具体人物与事件的种族认定，最后进入更广的社会心理与文化传播主题。\"}]",1783061526,527,{"code":4,"msg":31,"data":32},"ok",{"site_id":25,"language":24,"slug":33,"title":13,"keywords":34,"description":14,"schema_data":35,"social_meta":86,"head_meta":88,"extra_data":90,"updated_unix":28},"how-race-is-made-slavery-segregation-and-the-senses","",{"@graph":36,"@context":85},[37,53,68],{"@type":38,"itemListElement":39},"BreadcrumbList",[40,44,48,50],{"item":41,"name":42,"@type":43,"position":21},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":45,"name":46,"@type":43,"position":47},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/","Document",2,{"item":49,"name":12,"@type":43,"position":20},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/",{"item":51,"name":13,"@type":43,"position":52},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/how-race-is-made-slavery-segregation-and-the-senses/38355/",4,{"url":51,"name":13,"@type":54,"author":55,"headline":13,"publisher":57,"fileFormat":60,"inLanguage":24,"description":14,"dateModified":61,"datePublished":62,"encodingFormat":60,"isAccessibleForFree":63,"interactionStatistic":64},"DigitalDocument",{"name":9,"@type":56},"Person",{"url":41,"name":58,"@type":59},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-07-07","2026-07-03",true,{"@type":65,"interactionType":66,"userInteractionCount":20},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":67},"ViewAction",{"@type":69,"mainEntity":70},"FAQPage",[71,77,81],{"name":72,"@type":73,"acceptedAnswer":74},"这本书研究“种族”形成的核心视角是什么？","Question",{"text":75,"@type":76},"书中以“理解感官（senses）如何参与种族意义的生成”为核心线索，考察南方白人和黑人如何通过看、听、闻、触、尝等感官经验来解释彼此并建构种族差异。","Answer",{"name":78,"@type":73,"acceptedAnswer":79},"作者如何讨论感官与种族偏见之间的关系？",{"text":80,"@type":76},"作者指出，种族身份常被当作无需仅靠眼睛的“感官证据”，而是通过预设的劣等与犯罪性观念被确认与强化。",{"name":82,"@type":73,"acceptedAnswer":83},"书中的章节安排体现了哪些研究推进方式？",{"text":84,"@type":76},"目录从“学习如何理解种族”出发，依次讨论如何在危机中平息与“欺骗感官”，再到重建感官、纠正对具体人物与事件的种族认定，最后进入更广的社会心理与文化传播主题。","https://schema.org",{"og:url":51,"og:type":87,"og:title":13,"og:site_name":58,"og:description":14},"article",{"robots":89,"canonical":51},"index,follow",{"doc_id":7,"site_id":25},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":92},[93,97,101,105,110,115,120,123,128,131,135],{"id":21,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":94,"show_sort_weight":95,"slug":96},"Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":47,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":98,"show_sort_weight":99,"slug":100},"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":52,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":102,"show_sort_weight":103,"slug":104},"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":106,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":107,"show_sort_weight":108,"slug":109},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":111,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":112,"show_sort_weight":113,"slug":114},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":116,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":117,"show_sort_weight":118,"slug":119},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":11,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":12,"show_sort_weight":121,"slug":122},30,"research-report",{"id":124,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":125,"show_sort_weight":126,"slug":127},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":126,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":129,"show_sort_weight":126,"slug":130},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":132,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":133,"show_sort_weight":132,"slug":134},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":136,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":137,"show_sort_weight":106,"slug":138},19,"General","general"]