[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":3,"doc-seo-422843-105":59,"doc-detail-422843-en":130},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",[7,13,18,23,28,33,38,43,48,51,55],{"id":8,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":10,"show_sort_weight":11,"slug":12},1,"Document","Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":14,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":15,"show_sort_weight":16,"slug":17},2,"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":19,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":20,"show_sort_weight":21,"slug":22},4,"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":24,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":25,"show_sort_weight":26,"slug":27},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":29,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":30,"show_sort_weight":31,"slug":32},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":34,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":35,"show_sort_weight":36,"slug":37},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":39,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":40,"show_sort_weight":41,"slug":42},8,"Research & Report",30,"research-report",{"id":44,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":45,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":47},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":46,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":49,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":50},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":52,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":53,"show_sort_weight":52,"slug":54},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":56,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":57,"show_sort_weight":24,"slug":58},19,"General","general",{"code":4,"msg":60,"data":61},"ok",{"site_id":62,"language":63,"slug":64,"title":65,"keywords":66,"description":67,"schema_data":68,"social_meta":123,"head_meta":125,"extra_data":127,"updated_unix":129},105,"en","how-barbed-wire-changed-the-west","How Barbed Wire Changed the West","","A historical account of how barbed wire transformed the American West, beginning with the 1800s invention wave and focusing on the 1870s shift from unfenced open range to fenced farmland on the Great Plains. It explains the practical needs of homesteaders and ranchers, the ecological and economic barriers to conventional fencing, and the conflicts that followed when different groups adopted or rejected barbed wire. Includes key developments leading to invention.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":10,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/story-novel/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/how-barbed-wire-changed-the-west/422843/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/how-barbed-wire-changed-the-west/422843.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Chumphorn","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-11-02","2026-09-28",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":34},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"Why did pioneers on the Great Plains need barbed wire?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"Large amounts of land became available as U.S. policies displaced Native Americans, and farms needed protection from animals and thieves. Conventional fencing was expensive or impractical on the treeless, rocky-scarce plains, so barbed wire offered a cheaper, easier solution.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"What role did the Homestead Act play in the fencing conflict?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"The 1862 Homestead Act allowed settlers to claim 160 acres if they lived there and improved the land for five years. Once homesteaders claimed land, it became off-limits to ranchers for grazing, triggering disputes over access and fencing.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"How was barbed wire developed by inventors?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"Early inventors created different fencing concepts, but some forms did not spread. Michael Kelly made a version similar to later barbed wire, and Henry M. Rose showcased an approach using short wire points attached to a wooden rail in 1873, helping shape what became barbed wire fencing.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},422843,1791338458,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":8,"category_name":10,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":34,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":139,"language":140,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":141,"faqs":142,"seo_title":143,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":144,"read_time":145},2336475401981,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/avatar/22000c94efd8d5204d?x-image-process=image/resize,m_fixed,w_180,h_180&k=1786935347598174694","HOUGHTON MIFFLIN HARCOURT  \nHow Barbed WireChanged the West  \nby Barbara M.Sharp  \nHOUGHTON MIFFLIN HARCOURT  \nSchool Publishers  \nPHOTOGRAPHY CREDITS:Cover ◎Ralph A.Clevenger/CORBIS.Title page American Stock/Getty Images.2 JeremyWoodhouse/Getty Images.3 Geoff Brightling/DK Images.5◎Tom Bean/CORBIS7 Jeremy Woodhouse/Getty Images.8 The Granger Collection,New York.9(1)(r)US Patent and Trademark Office,Patent No.157124 and No.167240.10 ◎Ralph A.Clevenger/CORBIS.13 ◎ Ralph A.Clevenger/CORBIS.15American Stock/Getty Images.17 BrianHagiwara/Brand X Pictures.  \nCopyright ◎ by Houghton Miffin Harcourt Publishing Company  \nAll rights reserved.No part of tis work may be reproduced o transmitted in anyform or by any means electronic ormechanical,including photocopying or recording,or by any information storage and retrieval system,without the priorwritten permission of the copyright owner unless such copying i expressly permite by federal copyright law.Regustsfor permission to make copies of any part of the work should be adressed to Houghton Miffi Harcourt Sschool Publishers,Attn:Permissions,6277 Sea Harbor Drive,Orlando,Florida 32887-6777.  \nPrinted in China  \nISBN-10:0-547-25353-2  \nISBN-13:978-0-547-25353-4  \n3456780940181716151413121110  \nIf you have received these materials as examination copies free of charge,Houqhton Mifflin Harcourt School Publisher  \nretains title to the materials and they may not be resold.Resale of examination copies is strictly prohibited  \nPossession of this publication in print format does not entitle users to convert this publication,or any portion of it into  \nelectronic format.  \n# Table of Contents\n\nIntroduction.  \n# The Need for Barbed Wire on the Plains\n\nHow Barbed Wire Was Invented..  \nGlidden: The Father of Barbed Wire  \nJoseph Glidden Gets a Partner..  \nA Patent War Begins……  \nFarmers Fence the Plains  \nRanchers Object………  \nChanging Ranchers' Minds  \nFence Wars..  \nA Deadly Blizzard.  \nChanging Lives.  \nConclusion………  \n..7  \n..8  \n……9  \n……10  \n……11  \n..12  \n……14  \n………16  \n……17  \n……18  \n# Introduction\n\nThe 1800s brought many exciting inventions.The zipper,the telephone,vulcanized rubber,and even paper drinkingstraws changed people's lives in ways both large and small.One 19th-century invention had a huge effect on the AmericanWest.It was barbed wire.  \nBarbed wire began to be used in the 1870s.Until then,land in the West had been unfenced.Farmers who moved tothe plains needed to protect their crops from animals andthieves.Barbed wire helped homesteaders to settle on theoften-hostile Great Plains.  \nRanchers relied on the open range to graze their cattle.Once farmers began to fence their land,conflict broke out.Later,trouble arose between ranchers who used barbed wire and thosewho didn't.Fenced areas also affected cowboys and NativeAmericans whose livelihoods depended on access to open land.  \nThe story of barbed wire on the American frontier is one  \nof ingenuity and success,conflict and heartbreak,small farms andsprawling ranches.  \nThese are some ofthe main types ofbarbed wire.  \n# The Need for Barbed Wireon the Plains\n\nA rush of pioneers headed west to the Great Plains inthe mid-1860s.They sought land to farm and ranch.At thattime,large amounts of land were becoming available to  \nsettlers.This was because the U.S.government was slowly butsteadily taking control of lands that had been home to NativeAmericans.The government gradually forced NativeAmericans from the open plains onto reservations.  \nThe environment on the Great Plains was vastly differentto farmers from the East.On the Great Plains,buildingmaterials were scarce.There were no dense forests and fewstones.Eastern farmers had used these natural resources tobuild fences.Even if wood or stone were available,it wouldhave been too costly to enclose a 160-acre parcel of land.  \nThe Great Plainsa treeless,grassyregion—includesland in ten differ-ent states.  \nLooking for a solution,the homesteaders tried \"furrowfences\"by digging trenches aroun","cbCaib2q6S9wtDUj","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaib2q6S9wtDUj","pdf",1895094,24,"English","# Introduction\n## The Need for Barbed Wire on the Plains\n## The Homestead Act\n## How Barbed Wire Was Invented","[{\"question\":\"Why did pioneers on the Great Plains need barbed wire?\",\"answer\":\"Large amounts of land became available as U.S. policies displaced Native Americans, and farms needed protection from animals and thieves. Conventional fencing was expensive or impractical on the treeless, rocky-scarce plains, so barbed wire offered a cheaper, easier solution.\"},{\"question\":\"What role did the Homestead Act play in the fencing conflict?\",\"answer\":\"The 1862 Homestead Act allowed settlers to claim 160 acres if they lived there and improved the land for five years. Once homesteaders claimed land, it became off-limits to ranchers for grazing, triggering disputes over access and fencing.\"},{\"question\":\"How was barbed wire developed by inventors?\",\"answer\":\"Early inventors created different fencing concepts, but some forms did not spread. Michael Kelly made a version similar to later barbed wire, and Henry M. Rose showcased an approach using short wire points attached to a wooden rail in 1873, helping shape what became barbed wire fencing.\"}]","How Barbed Wire Changed the West | PDF",1790629037,37]