[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"doc-seo-339123-105":3,"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":81,"doc-detail-339123-en":130},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"ok",{"site_id":7,"language":8,"slug":9,"title":10,"keywords":11,"description":12,"schema_data":13,"social_meta":74,"head_meta":76,"extra_data":78,"updated_unix":80},105,"en","history-and-evidence-for-state-of-the-art-of-lymphadenectomy-in-esophageal-cancer-surgery","History and evidence for state of the art of lymphadenectomy in esophageal cancer surgery","","Curative multimodal management of advanced esophageal cancer typically combines neoadjuvant or perioperative chemo(radio)therapy with radical resection of the primary tumor and a 2- or 3-field lymphadenectomy. Long-term survival depends strongly on lymph node involvement, yet lymph node metastasis patterns are unpredictable and may include skip metastases far from the primary site. Despite improved imaging, staging remains unreliable with a substantial proportion of metastases undetected. The optimal lymphadenectomy extent remains controversial, and this review summarizes its development and current evidence.",{"@graph":14,"@context":73},[15,34,56],{"@type":16,"itemListElement":17},"BreadcrumbList",[18,23,27,31],{"item":19,"name":20,"@type":21,"position":22},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",1,{"item":24,"name":25,"@type":21,"position":26},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/","Document",2,{"item":28,"name":29,"@type":21,"position":30},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/healthcare/","Healthcare",3,{"item":32,"name":10,"@type":21,"position":33},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/history-and-evidence-for-state-of-the-art-of-lymphadenectomy-in-esophageal-cancer-surgery/339123/",4,{"url":32,"name":10,"@type":35,"image":36,"author":41,"headline":10,"publisher":44,"fileFormat":47,"inLanguage":8,"description":12,"dateModified":48,"datePublished":49,"encodingFormat":47,"isAccessibleForFree":50,"interactionStatistic":51},"DigitalDocument",{"url":37,"@type":38,"width":39,"height":40},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/history-and-evidence-for-state-of-the-art-of-lymphadenectomy-in-esophageal-cancer-surgery/339123.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":42,"@type":43},"Olivia Brown","Person",{"url":19,"name":45,"@type":46},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-30","2026-09-21",true,{"@type":52,"interactionType":53,"userInteractionCount":55},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":54},"ViewAction",10,{"@type":57,"mainEntity":58},"FAQPage",[59,65,69],{"name":60,"@type":61,"acceptedAnswer":62},"Why is lymph node involvement so important in esophageal cancer outcomes?","Question",{"text":63,"@type":64},"Lymph node involvement is a key predictor of long-term survival. Metastatic spread patterns influence staging and prognosis.","Answer",{"name":66,"@type":61,"acceptedAnswer":67},"What makes lymph node metastasis patterns in esophageal cancer difficult to predict?",{"text":68,"@type":64},"Distribution depends on primary tumor location, histology, T-stage, and the use of neoadjuvant or perioperative treatment. Skip metastases can occur far from the primary tumor, bypassing initial lymph node stations.",{"name":70,"@type":61,"acceptedAnswer":71},"Why is the optimal extent of lymphadenectomy still debated?",{"text":72,"@type":64},"Some evidence supports aggressive and extended dissections for improved staging and disease control, while other findings fail to show clear benefit—especially after neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy—along with potential morbidity reduction with less extensive surgery.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":32,"og:type":75,"og:title":10,"og:site_name":45,"og:description":12},"article",{"robots":77,"canonical":32},"index,follow",{"doc_id":79,"site_id":7},339123,1790077571,{"code":4,"msg":82,"data":83},"success",[84,88,92,96,101,106,110,115,120,123,126],{"id":22,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":85,"show_sort_weight":86,"slug":87},"Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":26,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":89,"show_sort_weight":90,"slug":91},"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":33,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":93,"show_sort_weight":94,"slug":95},"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":97,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":98,"show_sort_weight":99,"slug":100},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":102,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":103,"show_sort_weight":104,"slug":105},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":107,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":29,"show_sort_weight":108,"slug":109},7,40,"healthcare",{"id":111,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":112,"show_sort_weight":113,"slug":114},8,"Research & Report",30,"research-report",{"id":116,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":117,"show_sort_weight":118,"slug":119},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":118,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":121,"show_sort_weight":118,"slug":122},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":55,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":124,"show_sort_weight":55,"slug":125},"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":127,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":128,"show_sort_weight":97,"slug":129},19,"General","general",{"code":4,"msg":82,"data":131},{"doc_id":79,"user_id":132,"nickname":42,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":107,"category_name":29,"doc_title":10,"doc_description":12,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":55,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":22,"is_downloadable":22,"audit_status":22,"page_count":139,"language":140,"language_code":8,"site_id":7,"html_lang":8,"table_of_contents":141,"faqs":142,"seo_title":143,"seo_description":12,"update_tm":144,"read_time":108},16904993612988,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_a8503ba1806abce46bf441b54a3ca4cd","Diseases of the Esophagus (2024), 37, 1–16 [https://doi.org/10.1093/dote/doad065](https://doi.org/10.1093/dote/doad065)  \nExpert Review (BY INVITATION ONLY)  \nHistory and evidence for state of the art of lymphadenectomy in esophageal cancer surgery  \nNannet Schuring, 1 , 2 , 3 Mark I. van Berge Henegouwen, 1 , 2 Suzanne S. Gisbertz 1 , 2  \n1 Department of Surgery, Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Nether lands, 2 Cancer Treatment and Quality of Life, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, and 3 Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Amsterdam UMC Location University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Gastroen terology Endocrinology Metabolism, Amsterdam, The Netherlands  \n\n| SUMMARY.The current curative multimodal treatment of advanced esophageal cancers consists of neoadjuvantor perioperative chemo(radio)therapy followed by a radical surgical resection of the primary tumor and a 2-or 3-field lymphadenectomy. One of the most important predictors of long-term survival of esophageal cancer patients is lymph node involvement. The distribution pattern of lymph node metastases in esophageal cancer is unpredictable and depends on the primary tumor location, histology, T-stage and application of neoadjuvant or perioperative treatment. The optimal extent of the lymphadenectomy remains controversial; there is no global consensus on this topic yet. Some surgeons advocate an aggressive and extended lymph node dissection to remove occult metastatic disease, to optimize oncological outcomes. Others promote a more restricted lymphadenectomy, since the benefit of an extended lymphadenectomy, especially after neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy, has not been clearly demonstrated, and morbidity may be reduced. In this review, we describe the development of lymphadenectomy, followed by a summary of current evidence for lymphadenectomy in esophageal cancer treatment.\u003Cbr>KEY WORDS: esophageal cancer, esophagectomy, lymph node, lymphadenectomy, upper GI surgery. |  |\n| --- | --- |\n| INTRODUCTION | metastases is unpredictable and depends on primary |\n| The incidence of esophageal cancer increases, affecting 604 100 people in the year 2020 worldwide. This | tumor location, histology, T-stage and application of neoadjuvant or perioperative treatment.19–24 A single |\n| disease was responsible for over 544 000 deaths and | lymph node metastasis can occur far from the primary |\n| accounted for over 5% of all cancer related deaths.1 | tumor, skipping the first and even the second echelon |\n| The current curative multimodal treatment consists | lymph nodes, a phenomenon called skip metastasis. |\n| of neoadjuvant or perioperative chemo(radio)therapy | Identification of involved lymph nodes is necessary |\n| followed by a radical surgical resection of the primary | for effective staging and treatment. However, even |\n| tumor and a 2- or 3-field lymphadenectomy.2–11 | with improved imaging modalities such as integrated |\n| Despite improvements in treatment and perioperative | PET-CT and EUS, clinical staging of lymph nodes |\n| care, the 5-year overall survival rarely exceeds 40%, with reported 5-year overall survival rates in | is unreliable, and up to 38% of the lymph node metastases remain undetected.25 Current radiation |\n| landmark trials of 55.3%(cisplatin/5-fluorouracil, JCOG 9907), 45%(FLOT trial) and 47%(CROSS trial) .2 , 3 , 5–12\u003Cbr>Lymph node involvement is one of the most | fields and lymphadenectomy may not include these occult metastatic lymph nodes, and furthermore, the optimal extent of lymphadenectomy remains controversial.18 , 26–28 Some studies support an aggressive |\n| important predictors of long-term survival.13–15 | and extended lymph node dissection, as it improves |\n| There are various classifications for the categorization | accurate staging, locoregional disease control and |\n| of lymph node metastases in use, differing in naming, | overall survival. Other studies do not show benefit |\n| numbering and anatomical b","cbCaiqRz7tkGwSON","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaiqRz7tkGwSON","pdf",1940686,16,"English","# Summary\n# Introduction\n# Esophageal cancer and lymphatic metastases","[{\"question\":\"Why is lymph node involvement so important in esophageal cancer outcomes?\",\"answer\":\"Lymph node involvement is a key predictor of long-term survival. Metastatic spread patterns influence staging and prognosis.\"},{\"question\":\"What makes lymph node metastasis patterns in esophageal cancer difficult to predict?\",\"answer\":\"Distribution depends on primary tumor location, histology, T-stage, and the use of neoadjuvant or perioperative treatment. Skip metastases can occur far from the primary tumor, bypassing initial lymph node stations.\"},{\"question\":\"Why is the optimal extent of lymphadenectomy still debated?\",\"answer\":\"Some evidence supports aggressive and extended dissections for improved staging and disease control, while other findings fail to show clear benefit—especially after neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy—along with potential morbidity reduction with less extensive surgery.\"}]","History and evidence for state of the art of lymphadenectomy in esophageal cancer surgery | PDF",1790028081]