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What shapes and types of angles do you see in this picture?  \nWriting Activity: Categorizing Information  \nAs a class, observe or find photographs of at least sixteen different roofs on houses in your community. Place like roofs together. After you have finished reading the chapter, categorize each roof by type: gable roofs, hip roofs, and intersecting roofs (including dormers). Create a brief description of each type of roof.  \n502 Chapter 18 Hip, Valley, & Jack Rafters Photodisc/Getty Im ages  \n18  \nBefore You Read Preview  \nRoof framing with hip, valley, and jack rafters is more complex than framing entirely with common rafters. Choose a content vocabulary or academic vocabulary word that is new to you. When you find it in the text, write down the definition.  \nContent Vocabulary  \n● hip rafter  \n● valley rafter  \n● jack rafter  \n● seat cut  \n● backing the hip  \n● dropping the hip  \n● addition  \n● dormer  \n● doghouse dormer  \nAcademic Vocabulary  \nYou will find these words in your reading and on your tests. Use the academic vocabulary glossary to look up their definitions if necessary.  \n■ hypotenuse ■ significant ■ ensure  \nGraphic Organizer  \nAs you read, use a chart like the one shown to organize information about the three types of rafters.  \n| hip rafter | valley rafter | jack rafter |\n| --- | --- | --- |\n| forms a raised area, or hip, usually extending from the corner of the building diagonally upwards to the ridge |  |  |\n|  |  |  |\n\n [Go to](Go to glencoe.com)[ glencoe.com](Go to glencoe.com) for this book’s OLC for a downloadable version of this graphic organizer.  \nAcademic Standards  \n English Language Arts  \nUse information resources to gather information and create and communicate knowledge (NCTE 8)  \nParticipate as members of literacy communities (NCTE 11)  \n Mathematics  \nMeasurement: Understand measurable attributes of objects and the units, systems, and processes of measurements (NCTM)  \nGeometry: Analyze characteristics and properties of two-and three-dimensional geometric shapes and develop mathematical arguments about geometric relationships (NCTM)  \n Science  \nScience and Technology: Abilities of technological design (NSES)  \nIndustry Standards  \nFraming in Wood  \nRoof, Ceiling, and Wall Framing  \nNCTE National Council of Teachers of English  \nNCTM National Council of Teachers of Mathematics  \nNSES National Science Education Standards  \nChapter 18 Reading Guide 503  \n18.1 Hip Rafters  \nUnderstanding Complex Roofs  \nWhen is a hip rafter called for?  \nA simple gable roof can be built entirely with common rafters. However, a carpenter must also knowhow to lay out and cut hip, valley, and jack rafters. These rafters, shown in Figure 18-1, are required when framing complex roofs, such as hip roofs and intersecting gable roofs (for more on roof types, see Chapter 17,“Basic Roof Framing”). A hip rafter forms a raised area, or hip, usually extending from the corner of the building diagonally upwards to the ridge. A valley rafter forms a depression in the roof instead of a hip. Like the hip rafter, it extends diagonally from the top plate to the ridge. A hip  \nrafter is called for only when framing a hip roof, but a valley rafter is needed on both hip and gable roofs whenever roof planes intersect. Ajack rafter is a shortened common rafter that maybe framed to a hip rafter, a valley rafter, or both. Thus, there ar","cbCaimIPV3H2Sjr2","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaimIPV3H2Sjr2","pdf",2297713,26,"English","# Chapter Objectives\n## Content and Academic Vocabulary\n## Graphic Organizer\n# 18.1 Hip Rafters\n## Understanding Complex Roofs\n## Hip Rafter Layout\n## How the Parts Fit","[{\"question\":\"When is a hip rafter called for in roof framing?\",\"answer\":\"A hip rafter is called for when framing a hip roof. A carpenter must still know how to lay out and cut hip, valley, and jack rafters for complex roof types.\"},{\"question\":\"What is the difference between a hip rafter and a valley rafter?\",\"answer\":\"A hip rafter forms a raised area that runs diagonally from the top plate to the ridge, while a valley rafter forms a depression in the roof where planes intersect.\"},{\"question\":\"How does a jack rafter relate to hip and valley rafters?\",\"answer\":\"A jack rafter is a shortened common rafter that may be framed to a hip rafter, a valley rafter, or both, resulting in hip jack rafters and valley jack rafters.\"}]","Hip, Valley, & Jack Rafters - Chapter 18 - Reading Guide | PDF",1792969739,66]