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A comparative analysis of 173 heart tumors (2016–2023) used immunohistochemistry for spike SARS-CoV-2, CD34, and CD68, with immunofluorescence in selected cases. By 2023, the number of heart tumors rose 1.5-fold with a significant increase in myxomas, and spike SARS-CoV-2 persisted in tumor and immune-associated cells.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":35,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/healthcare/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/high-risk-of-heart-tumors-after-covid-19-research-findings/385267/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/high-risk-of-heart-tumors-after-covid-19-research-findings/385267.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Jasmine","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-27","2026-09-24",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":44},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"What was the study aimed to assess after COVID-19?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"The research assessed the risk of developing heart tumors in patients who have had COVID-19.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"How were the heart tumors evaluated in the study?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"The study used comparative analysis of 173 heart tumors and immunohistochemical examination with antibodies against spike SARS-CoV-2; it also examined CD34 and CD68, with immunofluorescence in two selected cases.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"What key findings link COVID-19 to heart tumors?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"An observed 1.5-fold increase in heart tumor numbers by 2023—especially a statistically significant rise in myxomas—along with detection of spike SARS-CoV-2 persistence in tumor cells, endothelial cells, and macrophages in most cases.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},385267,1790387727,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":34,"category_name":35,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":44,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":139,"language":140,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":141,"faqs":142,"seo_title":143,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":144,"read_time":145},2336478487870,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_085a072bc5b1113ac321206ff7593b45","life  \nArticle  \nHigh Risk of Heart Tumors after COVID-19  \nLubov Mitrofanova 1, Igor Makarov 1, Ekaterina Goncharova 1, Taiana Makarova 1, Anna Starshinova 1,*, Dmitry Kudlay 2,3 and Evgeny Shlaykhto 1  \nCitation: Mitrofanova, L.; Makarov, I.; Goncharova, E.; Makarova, T.; Starshinova, A.; Kudlay, D.; Shlaykhto, E. High Risk of Heart Tumors after COVID-19 . Life 2023, 13, 2087. [https://doi.org/10.3390/](https://doi.org/10.3390/)[ ](https://doi.org/10.3390/)life13102087  \nAcademic Editor: Lorenzo Pace  \nReceived: 17 September 2023  \nRevised: 12 October 2023  \nAccepted: 17 October 2023  \nPublished: 20 October 2023  \nCopyright: © 2023 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license ([https://](https://)[ ](https://)[creativecommons.org/licenses/by/](creativecommons.org/licenses/by/)[ ](creativecommons.org/licenses/by/)[4.0/](4.0/)) .  \n1 Almazov National Medical Research Centre, 197341 St. Petersburg, Russia; [mitrofanova_lb@almazovcentre.ru](mitrofanova_lb@almazovcentre.ru) (L.M.); [doctormakarovia@gmail.com](doctormakarovia@gmail.com) (I.M.); [goncharova_ea@almazovcentre.ru](goncharova_ea@almazovcentre.ru) (E.G.); [makarova_ta@almazovcentre.ru](makarova_ta@almazovcentre.ru) (T.M.); [shlyakhto_ev@almazovcentre.ru](shlyakhto_ev@almazovcentre.ru) (E.S.)  \n2 Department of Pharmacology, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 119992 Moscow, Russia; [d624254@gmail.com](d624254@gmail.com)  \n3 Institute of Immunology, 115478 Moscow, Russia  \n* Correspondence: [starshinova_aa@almazovcentre.ru](starshinova_aa@almazovcentre.ru)  \nAbstract: An emergence of evidence suggests that severe COVID-19 is associated with an increased risk of developing breast and gastrointestinal cancers. The aim of this research was to assess the risk of heart tumors development in patients who have had COVID-19 . Methods: A comparative analysis of 173 heart tumors was conducted between 2016 and 2023 . Immunohistochemical examination with antibodies against spike SARS-CoV-2 was performed on 21 heart tumors: 10 myxomas operated before 2020 (the control group), four cardiac myxomas, one proliferating myxoma, three papillary fibroelastomas, two myxofibrosarcomas, one chondrosarcoma resected in 2022–2023 . Immunohistochemical analysis with antibodies against CD34 and CD68 was also conducted on the same 11 Post-COVID period heart tumors. Immunofluorescent examination with a cocktail of antibodies against spike SARS-CoV-2/CD34 and spike SARS-CoV-2/CD68 was performed in 2 cases out of 11 (proliferating myxoma and classic myxoma) . Results: A 1.5-fold increase in the number of heart tumors by 2023 was observed, with a statistically significant increase in the number of myxomas. There was no correlation with vaccination, and no significant differences were found between patients from 2016–2019 and 2021–2023 in terms of gender, age, and cardiac rhythm dis-orders. Morphological examination revealed the expression of spike SARS-CoV-2 in tumor cells, endothelial cells, and macrophages in 10 out of 11 heart tumors. Conclusion: The detection of SARS-CoV-2 persistence in endothelium and macrophages as well as in tumor cells of benign and malignant cardiac neoplasms, the increase in the number of these tumors, especially cardiac myxomas, after the pandemic by 2023 may indicate a trend toward an increased risk of cardiac neoplasms in COVID-19 patients, which re-quires further research on this issue and a search for new evidence.  \nKeywords: SARS-CoV-2; COVID-19-associated tumors; angiopathy; heart tumors; CD68+ macrophages; myxoma  \n1. Introduction  \nOur knowledge of the coronavirus is constantly being updated. Data analysis from nearly 154,000 people with SARS-CoV-2 gives a dismal projection for long-term cardiovascular outcomes of COVID-19 [1] . After recovery from the acute phase of the disease, many studies within last few years hav","cbCaietxedkVfwij","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaietxedkVfwij","pdf",3016540,14,"English","# Abstract\n# Introduction\n# Materials and Methods\n# Results\n# Discussion\n# Conclusion","[{\"question\":\"What was the study aimed to assess after COVID-19?\",\"answer\":\"The research assessed the risk of developing heart tumors in patients who have had COVID-19.\"},{\"question\":\"How were the heart tumors evaluated in the study?\",\"answer\":\"The study used comparative analysis of 173 heart tumors and immunohistochemical examination with antibodies against spike SARS-CoV-2; it also examined CD34 and CD68, with immunofluorescence in two selected cases.\"},{\"question\":\"What key findings link COVID-19 to heart tumors?\",\"answer\":\"An observed 1.5-fold increase in heart tumor numbers by 2023—especially a statistically significant rise in myxomas—along with detection of spike SARS-CoV-2 persistence in tumor cells, endothelial cells, and macrophages in most cases.\"}]","High Risk of Heart Tumors after COVID-19 - Research Findings | PDF",1790267637,35]