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A modular biosignal acquisition system is proposed with up to 8 channels, 24-bit resolution, and configurable sampling (1–4 kHz), including per-channel gain/source adjustments, internal MUX-based reference drive, and visual electrode integrity monitoring. Bluetooth transmission uses an efficient bit-wise packet structure for faster decoding. Results show low noise (6.7 μVrms input-referred), very high harmonic correlations (>99.99%) and strong frequency-domain pulse correlation (>99.68%), with low THD (-53.03 dBc), low NMSE% (max 6e-6%), and 22.3-hour battery operation.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":35,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/healthcare/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/high-resolution-portable-bluetooth-module-for-ecg-and-emg-acquisition/438975/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/high-resolution-portable-bluetooth-module-for-ecg-and-emg-acquisition/438975.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Miles","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-31","2026-09-29",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":29},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"What problem does the paper address for portable ECG/sEMG systems in telemedicine?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"It addresses limited application flexibility, lack of signal validation, and inefficient wireless data handling in portable ECG/sEMG acquisition systems for telemedicine.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"What are the key features of the proposed acquisition system?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"The system is modular with up to 8 channels, 24-bit resolution, configurable sampling (1–4 kHz), per-channel gain/source adjustments, internal MUX-based reference drive, and visual electrode integrity monitoring.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"How does the system transmit data wirelessly, and what does it improve?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"Bluetooth transmits data using a bit-wise packet structure designed to be smaller than JSON and faster to decode with linear complexity based on input size.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},438975,1790776914,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":34,"category_name":35,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":29,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":139,"language":140,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":141,"faqs":142,"seo_title":143,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":144,"read_time":145,"preview_page_count":4},13056703019404,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_29158cc5080c5b710cf443261637dec0","Computational and Structural Biotechnology Journal 28 (2025) 156–166  \nContents lists available at ScienceDirect  \nComputational and Structural Biotechnology Journal  \njournal [homepage:](homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/csbj)[ www.elsevier.com/locate/csbj](homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/csbj)  \n| Research Article\u003Cbr>High-resolution portable bluetooth module for ECG and EMG acquisition Luiz E. Luiz a,b, ,∗ , Salviano Soares b,c,d, , Antonio Valenteb,e, , João Barrosob,f , ,\u003Cbr>Paulo Leitão a, , João P. Teixeira a,\u003Cbr>|  |  | |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- |\n| a Research Centre in Digitalization and Intelligent Robotics (CeDRI), Laboratório Associado para a Sustentabilidade e Tecnologia em Regiões de Montanha (SusTEC), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Bragança, 5300-253, Portugal\u003Cbr>b Engineering Department, School of Sciences and Technology, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), Quinta de Prados, 5000-801, Vila Real, Portugal c Institute of Electronics and Informatics Engineering of Aveiro (IEETA), University of Aveiro, Aveiro, 3810-193, Portugal\u003Cbr>d Intelligent Systems Associate Laboratory (LASI), University of Aveiro, Aveiro, 3810-193, Portugal\u003Cbr>e INESC TEC—INESC Technology and Science, Porto, 4200-465, Portugal\u003Cbr>f INESC TEC-Instituto de Engenharia de Sistemas e Computadores, Tecnologia e Ciência, Polo da UTAD, 5000-801, Vila Real, Portugal |  |  |  |\n| A R T I C L E I N F O |  | A B S T R A C T |  |\n| Keywords: Electrocardiogram Electromyogram Printed circuit board\u003Cbr>Acquisition integrity Telemedicine Wearable\u003Cbr>Human-centred |  | Problem: Portable ECG/sEMG acquisition systems for telemedicine often lack application flexibility (e.g., limited configurability, signal validation) and efficient wireless data handling. Methodology: A modular biosignal acquisition system with up to 8 channels, 24-bit resolution and configurable sampling (1–4 kHz) is proposed, featuring per-channel gain/source adjustments, internal MUX-based reference drive, and visual electrode integrity monitoring; Bluetooth® transmits data via a bit-wise packet structure (83.92% smaller than JSON, 7.28 times faster decoding with linear complexity based on input size). Results: maximum 6.7 μVrms input-referred noise; harmonic signal correlations >99.99%, worst-case THD of-53.03 dBc, and pulse wave correlation >99.68% in frequency-domain with maximum NMSE% of 6e-6%; and 22.3-hour operation (3.3 Ah battery @ 150 mA). Conclusion: The system enables high-fidelity, power-efficient acquisition with validated signal integrity and adaptable multi-channel acquisition, addressing gaps in portable biosensing. |  |\n\n1. Introduction  \nImprovement in the analysis of humans’ daily routine through biosignal processing provides big data for earlier detection of diseases, increases the effectiveness of treatment [1], and optimises athletes’ muscular gain and recovery [2], allowing physicians a better follow-up in cardiovascular and muscular rehabilitation.  \nMultichannel biosignals’ real-time acquisition and analysis have become increasingly important in various biomedical applications, including clinical monitoring, diagnostics and scientific research [3]. The need for robust and efficient systems that can acquire, process and transmit these signals in real-time is fundamental to ensuring the accuracy andeffectiveness of modern medical applications [4].  \nBiosignals, such as the electrocardiogram (ECG) and electromyogram (EMG), contain valuable information about an individual’s physiological state. However, these signals’ complexity and unpredictability nature require advanced tools for their acquisition and analysis. Extracting relevant characteristics from these signals is essential for  \naccurate interpretation and clinical decision-making, easing complex analysis.  \nThe electrocardiogram (ECG) visually represents the heart’s functioning through electrical measurements. The resulting maximum peak voltage reaches up to 5 mV, changing depending on conditions such as s","cbCaimLU8K7tHKJ4","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaimLU8K7tHKJ4","pdf",1656908,11,"English","# Introduction\n## Background on biosignal processing for health and rehabilitation\n## ECG acquisition principles and electrode configurations\n## EMG/sEMG acquisition principles and frequency bandwidth","[{\"question\":\"What problem does the paper address for portable ECG/sEMG systems in telemedicine?\",\"answer\":\"It addresses limited application flexibility, lack of signal validation, and inefficient wireless data handling in portable ECG/sEMG acquisition systems for telemedicine.\"},{\"question\":\"What are the key features of the proposed acquisition system?\",\"answer\":\"The system is modular with up to 8 channels, 24-bit resolution, configurable sampling (1–4 kHz), per-channel gain/source adjustments, internal MUX-based reference drive, and visual electrode integrity monitoring.\"},{\"question\":\"How does the system transmit data wirelessly, and what does it improve?\",\"answer\":\"Bluetooth transmits data using a bit-wise packet structure designed to be smaller than JSON and faster to decode with linear complexity based on input size.\"}]","High-resolution portable bluetooth module for ECG and EMG acquisition | PDF",1790687057,28]