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The document motivates hicases, provides a mathematical account and intuition, compares them with related concepts, and supplies a second definition aligned with the AdvoCATE Assurance Case Editor implementation, proving their correspondence.",{"@graph":14,"@context":73},[15,34,56],{"@type":16,"itemListElement":17},"BreadcrumbList",[18,23,27,31],{"item":19,"name":20,"@type":21,"position":22},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",1,{"item":24,"name":25,"@type":21,"position":26},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/","Document",2,{"item":28,"name":29,"@type":21,"position":30},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/","Research & Report",3,{"item":32,"name":10,"@type":21,"position":33},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/hierarchical-safety-cases-nasatm-2012-216481/272674/",4,{"url":32,"name":10,"@type":35,"image":36,"author":41,"headline":10,"publisher":44,"fileFormat":47,"inLanguage":8,"description":12,"dateModified":48,"datePublished":49,"encodingFormat":47,"isAccessibleForFree":50,"interactionStatistic":51},"DigitalDocument",{"url":37,"@type":38,"width":39,"height":40},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/hierarchical-safety-cases-nasatm-2012-216481/272674.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":42,"@type":43},"Aurelia","Person",{"url":19,"name":45,"@type":46},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-17","2026-09-15",true,{"@type":52,"interactionType":53,"userInteractionCount":55},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":54},"ViewAction",7,{"@type":57,"mainEntity":58},"FAQPage",[59,65,69],{"name":60,"@type":61,"acceptedAnswer":62},"What problem do hierarchical safety cases address?","Question",{"text":63,"@type":64},"They address difficulties in creating and maintaining industrial-size safety cases.","Answer",{"name":66,"@type":61,"acceptedAnswer":67},"How does the approach extend Goal Structuring Notation?",{"text":68,"@type":64},"It extends Goal Structuring Notation with abstraction structures so the safety case can be viewed at different levels of detail.",{"name":70,"@type":61,"acceptedAnswer":71},"What relationship is proven between the two definitions of hicases?",{"text":72,"@type":64},"A second definition closely matching the AdvoCATE Assurance Case Editor implementation is given, and the correspondence between the two definitions is proved.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":32,"og:type":75,"og:title":10,"og:site_name":45,"og:description":12},"article",{"robots":77,"canonical":32},"index,follow",{"doc_id":79,"site_id":7},272674,1789466902,{"code":4,"msg":82,"data":83},"success",[84,88,92,96,101,106,110,114,119,122,126],{"id":22,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":85,"show_sort_weight":86,"slug":87},"Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":26,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":89,"show_sort_weight":90,"slug":91},"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":33,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":93,"show_sort_weight":94,"slug":95},"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":97,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":98,"show_sort_weight":99,"slug":100},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":102,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":103,"show_sort_weight":104,"slug":105},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":55,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":107,"show_sort_weight":108,"slug":109},"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":111,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":29,"show_sort_weight":112,"slug":113},8,30,"research-report",{"id":115,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":116,"show_sort_weight":117,"slug":118},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":117,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":120,"show_sort_weight":117,"slug":121},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":123,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":124,"show_sort_weight":123,"slug":125},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":127,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":128,"show_sort_weight":97,"slug":129},19,"General","general",{"code":4,"msg":82,"data":131},{"doc_id":79,"user_id":132,"nickname":42,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":111,"category_name":29,"doc_title":10,"doc_description":12,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":55,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":22,"is_downloadable":22,"audit_status":22,"page_count":139,"language":140,"language_code":8,"site_id":7,"html_lang":8,"table_of_contents":141,"faqs":142,"seo_title":143,"seo_description":12,"update_tm":80,"read_time":144,"preview_page_count":4},1099514068365,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/avatar/10000253d8d9f28188e?x-image-process=image/resize,m_fixed,w_180,h_180&k=1794309523707217728","NASA/TM–2012–216481  \nHierarchical Safety Cases  \nEwen W. Denney SGT, Inc.  \nAmes Research Center, Moffett Field, California  \nIain J. Whiteside  \nCentre for Intelligent Systems and their Applications University of Edinburgh, Scotland  \nNASA STI Program . . . in Profile  \nSince its founding, NASA has been dedicated to the advancement of aeronautics and space science. The NASA scientific and technical information (STI) program plays a key part in helping NASA maintain this important role.  \nThe NASA STI Program operates under the auspices of the Agency Chief Information Officer. It collects, organizes, provides for archiving, and disseminates NASA's STI. The NASA STI Program provides access to the NASA Aeronautics and Space Database and its public interface, the NASA Technical Report Server, thus providing one of the largest collection of aeronautical and space science STI in the world. Results are published in both non-NASA channels and by NASA in the NASA STI Report Series, which includes the following report types:  \n􀀏 TECHNICAL PUBLICATION. Reports of completed research or a major significant phase of research that present the results of NASA programs and include extensive data or theoretical analysis. Includes compilations of significant scientific and technical data and information deemed to be of continuing reference value. NASA counterpart of  \npeer-reviewed formal professional papers, but having less stringent limitations on manuscript length and extent of graphic presentations.  \n􀀏 TECHNICAL MEMORANDUM. Scientific and technical findings that are preliminary or of specialized interest, e.g., quick release reports, working papers, and bibliographies that contain minimal annotation. Does not contain extensive analysis.  \n􀀏 CONTRACTOR REPORT. Scientific and technical findings by NASA-sponsored contractors and grantees.  \n􀀏 CONFERENCE PUBLICATION. Collected papers from scientific and technical conferences, symposia, seminars, or other meetings sponsored or co-sponsored by NASA.  \n􀀏 SPECIAL PUBLICATION. Scientific, technical, or historical information from NASA programs, projects, and missions, often concerned with subjects having substantial public interest.  \n􀀏 TECHNICAL TRANSLATION. Englishlanguage translations of foreign scientific and technical material pertinent to NASA's mission.  \nSpecialized services also include creating custom thesauri, building customized databases, and organizing and publishing research results.  \nFor more information about the NASA STI Program, see the following:  \n􀀏 Access the NASA STI program home page at  \n[http://www.sti.nasa.gov](http://www.sti.nasa.gov)  \n􀀏 E-mail your question via the Internet to [help@sti.nasa.gov](help@sti.nasa.gov)  \n􀀏 Fax your question to the NASA STI Help Desk at 443-757-5803  \n􀀏 Phone the NASA STI Help Desk at 443-757-5802  \n􀀏 Write to:  \nNASA STI Help Desk  \nNASA Center for AeroSpace Information 7115 Standard Drive  \nHanover, MD 21076–1320  \nNASA/TM–2012–216481  \nHierarchical Safety Cases  \nEwen W. Denney SGT, Inc.  \nAmes Research Center, Moffett Field, California  \nIain J. Whiteside  \nCentre for Intelligent Systems and their Applications University of Edinburgh, Scotland  \nNational Aeronautics and Space Administration  \nAmes Research Center  \nMoffett Field, California 94035-1000  \nAcknowledgments  \nThis work was carried out by Iain Whiteside at the NASA Ames Research Center during an internship funded by the AFCS element of the SSAT project in the Aviation Safety Program of the NASA Aeronautics Mission Directorate.  \nThe use of trademarks or names of manufacturers in this report is for accurate reporting and does not constitute an offical endorsement, either expressed or implied, of such products or manufacturers by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration.  \nAvailable from:  \nNASA Center for AeroSpace Information 7115 Standard Drive Hanover, MD 21076-1320 443-757-5802  \nAbstract  \nWe introduce hierarchical safety cases (or hicases) as a technique to overcome some of","cbCaieHtt7sX2Rb7","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaieHtt7sX2Rb7","pdf",1699952,44,"English","# 1 Introduction\n# 2 Goal Structuring Notation\n# 3 Examples of Hierarchy\n## 3.1 Abstract Evidence\n## 3.2 Abstract Strategies\n## 3.3 Abstract Goals\n# 4 Safety Cases\n## 4.1 Safety Cases\n## 4.2 Hierarchical Safety Cases\n## 4.3 Relating Safety Cases and Hicases\n# 5 An Implementation-focussed Definition\n# 6 Implementation\n# 7 Conclusions","[{\"question\":\"What problem do hierarchical safety cases address?\",\"answer\":\"They address difficulties in creating and maintaining industrial-size safety cases.\"},{\"question\":\"How does the approach extend Goal Structuring Notation?\",\"answer\":\"It extends Goal Structuring Notation with abstraction structures so the safety case can be viewed at different levels of detail.\"},{\"question\":\"What relationship is proven between the two definitions of hicases?\",\"answer\":\"A second definition closely matching the AdvoCATE Assurance Case Editor implementation is given, and the correspondence between the two definitions is proved.\"}]","Hierarchical Safety Cases - NASA/TM-2012-216481 | PDF",111]