[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"doc-detail-42778-en":3,"doc-seo-42778-105":30,"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":91},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",{"doc_id":7,"user_id":8,"nickname":9,"user_avatar":10,"doc_module":4,"category_id":11,"category_name":12,"doc_title":13,"doc_description":14,"doc_content":15,"file_id":16,"file_url":17,"file_type":18,"file_size":19,"view_count":20,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":21,"is_downloadable":21,"audit_status":21,"page_count":22,"language":23,"language_code":24,"site_id":25,"html_lang":24,"table_of_contents":26,"faqs":27,"seo_title":13,"seo_description":14,"update_tm":28,"read_time":29},42778,1099514068365,"Aurelia","https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/avatar/10000253d8d9f28188e?_k=1776742907772140068",6,"Technology","Hiding Messages in Audio using Modulus Operation and Simple Partition","Audio data hiding for confidential communications is addressed by embedding secret messages into a 16-bit audio cover using a simple partition that splits the cover into two equal-length groups. The proposed approach also introduces an adaptive modulus operation computed from the sample differences, improving embedding capacity while supporting imperceptibility. Experiments demonstrate that secret messages up to a 700 kb payload can be embedded successfully, with PSNR maintained as high as 120.55 dB, indicating strong fidelity and robust audio quality.","2021 13th International Conference on Information & Communication Technology and System (ICTS) | 978-1-6654-4059-2/21/$31.00 ©2021 IEEE | DOI: 10. 1 109/ ICTS52701. 2021.9609028  \n13th International Conference on Information & Communication Technology and System (ICTS) 2021  \nHiding Messages in Audio using Modulus Operation and Simple Partition  \nIlyas Bintang Prayogi Department of Informatics Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember Surabaya, Indonesia  \n[ilyasbintangpra@gmail.com](ilyasbintangpra@gmail.com)  \nTohari Ahmad Department of Informatics Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember Surabaya, Indonesia  \n[tohari@if.its.ac.id](tohari@if.its.ac.id)  \nNtivuguruzwa Jean De La Croix Department of Business Information Technology University of Rwanda Kigali, Rwanda[ntivuguruzwa@ur.ac.rw](ntivuguruzwa@ur.ac.rw)  \nPascal Maniriho Department of Computer Science and Information  \nTechnology  \nLa Trobe University Melbourne VIC 3086, Australia [p.maniriho@latrobe.edu.au](p.maniriho@latrobe.edu.au)  \nAbstract—Today's information technology tools allow people to share personal data and information through online media. Data security techniques are also developed to protect confidential messages that are only intended for certain parties, one of which is by embedding those data in a specific medium. The hiding method proposed in this study uses a simple partition to split the 16-bit audio cover file into two groups of the same length. The simple partition technique is applied to improve the quality of the resulting stego file. Furthermore, it is also developing an adaptive modulus operation calculation method, whose implementation on the difference of sample can increase the embedding capacity of the secret messages. The final result of the proposed method shows that all secret messages at the 700 kb payload file size can be successfully embedded, and the PSNR can be maintained up to 120.55 dB.  \nKeywords—data hiding, modulus operation, information security, network infrastructure  \nI. INTRODUCTION  \nTechnology is developed to simplify human work and promise a more straightforward process, saving time and supporting productivity. An example is the world of information technology that people can easily share information through online media. With information technology equipment, we do not need to bother to convey information to others, especially if the information is very urgent. By sending a message from a laptop, smartphone, or other sophisticated equipment, information can be reached by the recipient in a matter of seconds.  \nThe development of the world of information technology should align with that of data security shared through online media. Sending information via the internet that is open to anyone does not guarantee its security if it is not accompanied by security techniques [1] . Until now, data security can be the primary key for information and communication technology to be safe. Therefore, data security techniques must be continuously updated so that unwanted parties can not steal essential and confidential data belonging to the users.  \nData security techniques can generally be divided into steganography and cryptography. Cryptography can be interpreted as a securing technique that converts confidential data into other data so unauthorized parties are aware of the existence of data but cannot read them. Steganography has a different method of disguising private data, so no one realizes they are embedded in another digital medium. The embedding  \n978-1-6654-4059-2/21/$31 .00 ©2021 IEEE  \n51  \nresult of the confidential data is made as close as possible to the original digital medium so that it is not visible when the sending process takes place [2] .  \nIn general, steganography or data hiding consists of two main processes: the embedding and extraction processes. Embedding is a process where the secret message to be sent is hidden to a digital medium in the form of a text, image, audio, or video. The embedding process will pro","cbCaitncviPS11Lg","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaitncviPS11Lg","pdf",548578,2,1,5,"English","en",105,"# Introduction\n# Related Works\n# Proposed Method\n# Experimental Results\n# Conclusion","[{\"question\":\"What problem does the study address in audio data hiding?\",\"answer\":\"The study focuses on embedding confidential messages into audio securely while improving both embedding capacity and the resulting stego audio quality.\"},{\"question\":\"How does the proposed method embed messages into the audio cover?\",\"answer\":\"It uses a simple partition to split a 16-bit audio cover into two groups of equal length, then applies an adaptive modulus operation based on sample differences to carry the secret payload.\"},{\"question\":\"What performance results are reported for the proposed technique?\",\"answer\":\"The method successfully embeds all secret messages at a 700 kb payload size, while maintaining PSNR up to 120.55 dB, indicating high-quality stego audio fidelity.\"}]",1783362032,13,{"code":4,"msg":31,"data":32},"ok",{"site_id":25,"language":24,"slug":33,"title":13,"keywords":34,"description":14,"schema_data":35,"social_meta":86,"head_meta":88,"extra_data":90,"updated_unix":28},"hiding-messages-in-audio-using-modulus-operation-and-simple-partition","",{"@graph":36,"@context":85},[37,53,68],{"@type":38,"itemListElement":39},"BreadcrumbList",[40,44,47,50],{"item":41,"name":42,"@type":43,"position":21},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":45,"name":46,"@type":43,"position":20},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/","Document",{"item":48,"name":12,"@type":43,"position":49},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/technology/",3,{"item":51,"name":13,"@type":43,"position":52},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/hiding-messages-in-audio-using-modulus-operation-and-simple-partition/42778/",4,{"url":51,"name":13,"@type":54,"author":55,"headline":13,"publisher":57,"fileFormat":60,"inLanguage":24,"description":14,"dateModified":61,"datePublished":62,"encodingFormat":60,"isAccessibleForFree":63,"interactionStatistic":64},"DigitalDocument",{"name":9,"@type":56},"Person",{"url":41,"name":58,"@type":59},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-07-10","2026-07-06",true,{"@type":65,"interactionType":66,"userInteractionCount":20},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":67},"ViewAction",{"@type":69,"mainEntity":70},"FAQPage",[71,77,81],{"name":72,"@type":73,"acceptedAnswer":74},"What problem does the study address in audio data hiding?","Question",{"text":75,"@type":76},"The study focuses on embedding confidential messages into audio securely while improving both embedding capacity and the resulting stego audio quality.","Answer",{"name":78,"@type":73,"acceptedAnswer":79},"How does the proposed method embed messages into the audio cover?",{"text":80,"@type":76},"It uses a simple partition to split a 16-bit audio cover into two groups of equal length, then applies an adaptive modulus operation based on sample differences to carry the secret payload.",{"name":82,"@type":73,"acceptedAnswer":83},"What performance results are reported for the proposed technique?",{"text":84,"@type":76},"The method successfully embeds all secret messages at a 700 kb payload size, while maintaining PSNR up to 120.55 dB, indicating high-quality stego audio fidelity.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":51,"og:type":87,"og:title":13,"og:site_name":58,"og:description":14},"article",{"robots":89,"canonical":51},"index,follow",{"doc_id":7,"site_id":25},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":92},[93,97,101,105,109,112,117,122,127,130,134],{"id":21,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":94,"show_sort_weight":95,"slug":96},"Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":20,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":98,"show_sort_weight":99,"slug":100},"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":52,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":102,"show_sort_weight":103,"slug":104},"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":22,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":106,"show_sort_weight":107,"slug":108},"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":11,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":12,"show_sort_weight":110,"slug":111},50,"technology",{"id":113,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":114,"show_sort_weight":115,"slug":116},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":118,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":119,"show_sort_weight":120,"slug":121},8,"Research & Report",30,"research-report",{"id":123,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":124,"show_sort_weight":125,"slug":126},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":125,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":128,"show_sort_weight":125,"slug":129},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":131,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":132,"show_sort_weight":131,"slug":133},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":135,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":136,"show_sort_weight":22,"slug":137},19,"General","general"]