[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"doc-seo-420858-105":3,"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":81,"doc-detail-420858-en":131},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"ok",{"site_id":7,"language":8,"slug":9,"title":10,"keywords":11,"description":12,"schema_data":13,"social_meta":74,"head_meta":76,"extra_data":78,"updated_unix":80},105,"en","hemispherica-tensions-mount-as-1979-begins-by-frances-r-grant","HEMISPHERICA - TENSIONS MOUNT AS 1979 BEGINS - By Frances R. Grant","","The text discusses mounting regional instability as 1979 begins across the Americas, emphasizing the heightened risk of violence shaped by external interests. It argues that the Organization of American States repeatedly fails to act decisively in crises, especially during the Argentine-Chilean tensions and the conflict surrounding Nicaragua, thereby forcing other actors toward mediation and leaving certain threats unresolved. It further highlights El Salvador’s human-rights crisis, the indictment process, reported abuses including torture and disappearances, and the historical pattern of repression rooted in political and military control.",{"@graph":14,"@context":73},[15,34,56],{"@type":16,"itemListElement":17},"BreadcrumbList",[18,23,27,31],{"item":19,"name":20,"@type":21,"position":22},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",1,{"item":24,"name":25,"@type":21,"position":26},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/","Document",2,{"item":28,"name":29,"@type":21,"position":30},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/religion-spirituality/","Religion & Spirituality",3,{"item":32,"name":10,"@type":21,"position":33},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/hemispherica-tensions-mount-as-1979-begins-by-frances-r-grant/420858/",4,{"url":32,"name":10,"@type":35,"image":36,"author":41,"headline":10,"publisher":44,"fileFormat":47,"inLanguage":8,"description":12,"dateModified":48,"datePublished":49,"encodingFormat":47,"isAccessibleForFree":50,"interactionStatistic":51},"DigitalDocument",{"url":37,"@type":38,"width":39,"height":40},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/hemispherica-tensions-mount-as-1979-begins-by-frances-r-grant/420858.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":42,"@type":43},"kopisore","Person",{"url":19,"name":45,"@type":46},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-17","2026-09-28",true,{"@type":52,"interactionType":53,"userInteractionCount":55},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":54},"ViewAction",11,{"@type":57,"mainEntity":58},"FAQPage",[59,65,69],{"name":60,"@type":61,"acceptedAnswer":62},"Why does the text say tensions are mounting as 1979 begins?","Question",{"text":63,"@type":64},"It attributes instability to volatile incidents across the hemisphere and to external orchestration that can seize a country or push it back into chaos. It also stresses that political, social, and economic problems converging on Latin American peoples are extremely complex.","Answer",{"name":66,"@type":61,"acceptedAnswer":67},"What criticism does the text make of the Organization of American States (O.A.S.)?",{"text":68,"@type":64},"The text claims the O.A.S. shirks responsibilities, remains in default, and lacks the courage to intervene effectively during multiple crises. It argues this failure contributes to preventable disasters and leaves outside elements to fill the gap.",{"name":70,"@type":61,"acceptedAnswer":71},"What human-rights issues does the text associate with El Salvador?",{"text":72,"@type":64},"It states that El Salvador has been indicted for gross violations of human rights, including illegal arrest, torture, and the disappearance of persons in police custody. It also mentions hostility toward the Church and the arrest and assassination of priests, alongside fraud in elections and use of force.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":32,"og:type":75,"og:title":10,"og:site_name":45,"og:description":12},"article",{"robots":77,"canonical":32},"index,follow",{"doc_id":79,"site_id":7},420858,1791441729,{"code":4,"msg":82,"data":83},"success",[84,88,92,96,101,106,111,116,120,123,127],{"id":22,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":85,"show_sort_weight":86,"slug":87},"Story & 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of its sectors,thesame volatile incidents of chaos evidentin the African and Asiatie hemispheres.There,also,too often orchestrated byoutside forces,exotic conglomerates ofviolence seem to be waiting behind thescenes ready to seize a country or eata-pult it into new chaos for their purposes.  \nIn this hemisphere the Organizationof American States —whose officesshould be the instrument to enter thearena and help solve these crisis—re-mains in default,shirking its responsi-bilities and forcing outside elements,re-ligious or secular,to assume its duties.  \nDifficult to Solve  \nIt is undoubtedly true that the presentextremely complicated problems—politi-cal,social and ecsnomic—that convergeon the Latin American peoples as theyear 1979 begins,are not easy of solu-tion.In each country,unique ingredientsexist,which defy historic precedents,and thus provide no chart to the direc-tions and guidelines for action.  \nIt is especially sad that,except forspecial programs,such as health,human-rights and educational and technologicalassistance,the Inter-governmental bodyof the hemisphere—the O.A.S.—seemsto have reverted to its pre-1948 positionof ineptness,even frivolity,at a momentof the hemisphere's greatest peril.  \nFor instance,the inter-American or-ganization virtually stood apart from thedecision needed to prevent impendingdisaster in the Argentine-Chilean crisiswhich threatened an overt outbreak ofhostilities.Not the leadership of theOrganization of American States inter-vened to resolve this conflict,but theenlightened action of_both Pope Johnand Pope John Paul II that intercededin a role of mediation and diverted apossible war.  \nBy its lack of courage,the 0.A.S.hasearned the criticism properly being lev-eled against it.  \nEqually in default has been the O.A.S.throughout the crisis of Nicaragua.Evenin the one aspect of that threateningsituation,which could have brought onwar between unarmed Costa Rica andhighly armed Niearagua,the O.A.S.fail-ed to stir.Several dangerous weeks  \n# HEMISPHERICA\n\nTENSIONS MOUNT AS 1979 BEGINS  \nBy FRANCES R.GRANT  \nelapsed,after the requests of Costa Ricafor 0.A.S.border_observers,before theorganization acted.Such pusillanimousposture must not be countenanced in thefuture,when,we hope,this body willtruly represent the peoples of the hemi-sphere,instead of,as now often hap-pens,serving the cajoling wishes ofrepresentatives of tyrants in our capitalcity.  \nStates—United States,Guatemala andthe Dominican Republic—had urged So-moza to accept.Finally,after weeks ofdiseussion,Somoza,apparently unwillingto tesi the popular vote,refused to ac-cept any international observation onthe freedom of the plebiscite—throwingthe situation back into what now seemsan impasse that cannot be broken.  \nThis situation has virtually forced thepopular sectors into a new united front—this time including both the Sandinistaand Doce elements—a new alliance ofthe peoples.We hope they will continueto solidify their forces in a common pur-pose of democratic liberation for thecountry.  \nAs 1979 begins it is evident that theextensive efforts made to bring about apeaceful democratic solution to Nicara-gua's agony,have been deliberatelyfoiled by Somoza.The“Broad Front,”made up of democratic popular sectorsof Nicaragua had already made conces-sions in accepting a plebiscite under in-ternational supervision,which the pa-tient efforts of the three mediating  \nIn the New Year's number of\"LaPrensa”of Managua which has remain-ed unsilenced despite the cowering pres-  \n(Continued on page 2)  \n# EL SALVADOR:FOCUS OF TERROR\n\nBy S.FANNY SIMON  \nEL Salvador,the smallest and mostthickly populated country in theAmericas,shares with Nicaragua underdictator Somoza,the distinction of hav-ing just been indicted by the Inter-American Commission on Human Rightsof gross violation of human rights.Thereport will not be officially released ","cbCaistoUgVYnEKq","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaistoUgVYnEKq","pdf",1839105,"English","# HEMISPHERICA\n## TENSIONS MOUNT AS 1979 BEGINS\n## EL SALVADOR: FOCUS OF TERROR","[{\"question\":\"Why does the text say tensions are mounting as 1979 begins?\",\"answer\":\"It attributes instability to volatile incidents across the hemisphere and to external orchestration that can seize a country or push it back into chaos. It also stresses that political, social, and economic problems converging on Latin American peoples are extremely complex.\"},{\"question\":\"What criticism does the text make of the Organization of American States (O.A.S.)?\",\"answer\":\"The text claims the O.A.S. shirks responsibilities, remains in default, and lacks the courage to intervene effectively during multiple crises. It argues this failure contributes to preventable disasters and leaves outside elements to fill the gap.\"},{\"question\":\"What human-rights issues does the text associate with El Salvador?\",\"answer\":\"It states that El Salvador has been indicted for gross violations of human rights, including illegal arrest, torture, and the disappearance of persons in police custody. It also mentions hostility toward the Church and the arrest and assassination of priests, alongside fraud in elections and use of force.\"}]","HEMISPHERICA - TENSIONS MOUNT AS 1979 BEGINS - By Frances R. Grant | PDF",1790622720,13]