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Epidemiologic evidence from the past decade links hearing loss to nearly double the risk of dementia. Proposed mechanisms include increased cognitive load from hearing demands, altered brain structure and function, and reduced social engagement. Existing hearing-loss interventions, such as hearing aids, may help slow cognitive decline in some individuals. This narrative review updates epidemiologic evidence and discusses management as a potential dementia-risk reduction strategy.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":35,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/healthcare/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/hearing-loss-and-dementia-in-older-adults-a-narrative-review-review/436232/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/hearing-loss-and-dementia-in-older-adults-a-narrative-review-review/436232.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"River Wang","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-30","2026-09-29",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":44},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"How common is hearing loss among older adults, according to the review?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"The review states that hearing loss prevalence is high, with about 65% of adults over 60 years having hearing loss globally.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"What relationship does the review describe between hearing loss and dementia risk?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"Epidemiologic studies cited in the review link hearing loss to nearly two times greater risk of dementia.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"What mechanisms are hypothesized to explain how hearing loss may contribute to dementia?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"The review discusses increased cognitive load, changes in brain structure and function, and decreased social engagement as potential pathways.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},436232,1790761107,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":34,"category_name":35,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":44,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":34,"language":139,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":140,"faqs":141,"seo_title":142,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":143,"read_time":144,"preview_page_count":4},1099514067438,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/avatar/100002539ee87300030?x-image-process=image/resize,m_fixed,w_180,h_180&k=1780474512215547542","J Chin MedAssoc  \nReview ARticle  \nHearing loss and dementia in older adults: A narrative review  \nAlison R. Huanga,b,* , Frank R. Lina,b,c  \naDepartment of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA; bCochlear Center for Hearing and Public Health, Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA; cDepartment of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA  \nAbstract  \nThe prevalence of hearing loss is high among older adults; globally, 65% of adults over 60 years have hearing loss. Over the past decade, evidence from epidemiologic studies has linked hearing loss to nearly two times greater risk of dementia. The hypothesized mechanistic pathways through which hearing loss could contribute to increased dementia risk include the effects of hearing on greater cognitive load, changes in brain structure and function, and decreased social engagement. These mechanistic pathways may be modified by management of hearing loss using existing intervention (eg, hearing aids) . Hearing treatment may be an effective intervention for slowing cognitive decline in some older adults. In this review, we update existing reviews of the current epidemiologic research on the association between hearing loss and dementia risk and discuss hypothesized mechanisms of this association. We also discuss management of hearing loss as a potential intervention for slowing cognitive decline and reducing dementia risk.  \nKeywords: Cognition; Dementia; Epidemiology; Hearing aids; Hearing loss  \n1. INTRODUCTION  \nDementia is characterized by significant cognitive decline in at least one cognitive domain (eg, memory, executive function, language, problem-solving) that interferes with independence in everyday activities.1 Incidence of dementia increases exponentially with age.2,3 By 2050, over 150 million older adults are projected to have dementia,4 sparking concern for the anticipated elevated burden of dementia on patients, caregivers, and the healthcare system.5–7 Currently available treatments focus on reducing clinical symptoms rather than eliminating disease and carry significant safety concerns as well as high health care costs.8,9 Thus, an understanding of the epidemiology of dementia and the potential to reduce dementia risk through intervention in modifiable risk factors is a public health priority.10  \nIn 2020, the Lancet Commission on Dementia Prevention, Intervention and Care (Lancet Commission) identified 12 potentially modifiable risk factors for dementia.7 These multifactorial risk factors occur throughout the life course: early life (less education), mid-life (hearing loss, traumatic brain injury, hypertension, alcohol, obesity), and later life (smoking, depression, social isolation, physical inactivity, air pollution, diabetes) . The Lancet Commission estimated that, together, these  \n* Address correspondence. Alison R. Huang, Johns Hopkins Cochlear Center for Hearing and Public Health, 2024 Ease Monument Street, Suite B-1100 Baltimore, MD 21205, [USA. E-mail address: ahuang31@jh.edu](USA. E-mail address: ahuang31@jh.edu) (A. R. Huang).  \nConflicts of interest: The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest related to the subject matter or materials discussed in this article.  \nJournal of Chinese Medical Association. (2024) 87: 252-258.  \nReceived October 3, 2023; accepted October 29, 2023. doi: 10. 1097/JCMA.0000000000001042  \nCopyright © 2023, the Chinese Medical Association. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license ([http://creativecommons.org/licenses/](http://creativecommons.org/licenses/)[ ](http://creativecommons.org/licenses/)[by-nc-nd/4.0/](by-nc-nd/4.0/))  \n12 modifiable risk factors account for 40% of dementia cases globally.5,7  \nThe Lancet Commission identified hearing loss as the strongest modifiable risk factor for dementia.5,7 Hearing loss has the highes","cbCaiptSuKgOKVND","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaiptSuKgOKVND","pdf",1242960,"English","# Introduction\n# Epidemiology and Measurement of Hearing Loss in Older Adults","[{\"question\":\"How common is hearing loss among older adults, according to the review?\",\"answer\":\"The review states that hearing loss prevalence is high, with about 65% of adults over 60 years having hearing loss globally.\"},{\"question\":\"What relationship does the review describe between hearing loss and dementia risk?\",\"answer\":\"Epidemiologic studies cited in the review link hearing loss to nearly two times greater risk of dementia.\"},{\"question\":\"What mechanisms are hypothesized to explain how hearing loss may contribute to dementia?\",\"answer\":\"The review discusses increased cognitive load, changes in brain structure and function, and decreased social engagement as potential pathways.\"}]","Hearing loss and dementia in older adults: A narrative review - Review | PDF",1790677276,18]