[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"doc-detail-112891-en":3,"doc-seo-112891-105":29,"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":90},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",{"doc_id":7,"user_id":8,"nickname":9,"user_avatar":10,"doc_module":4,"category_id":11,"category_name":12,"doc_title":13,"doc_description":14,"doc_content":15,"file_id":16,"file_url":17,"file_type":18,"file_size":19,"view_count":4,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":20,"is_downloadable":20,"audit_status":20,"page_count":21,"language":22,"language_code":23,"site_id":24,"html_lang":23,"table_of_contents":25,"faqs":26,"seo_title":13,"seo_description":14,"update_tm":27,"read_time":28},112891,13056703019662,"Evangeline","https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/avatar/be000253a8e92610077?_k=1778726343310543188",7,"Healthcare","HEALTH AND ECONOMIC CONSEQUENCES OF AN IMPENDING GLOBAL CHALLENGE - Vol. 3 - Slide Deck","Overweight and obesity are expanding rapidly in low- and middle-income countries, creating a health and economic burden that intersects with undernutrition and climate change. The report quantifies global prevalence among adults and children, highlights where the rise is concentrated, and explains drivers through a conceptual framework spanning food systems, early-life factors, urbanization, technology, and social norms. It outlines major health impacts, estimated economic costs, and policy strategies such as fiscal measures, healthier diets, school food, and stronger food-system quality.","Pub lic Disclosure Authorized Pub lic Disc losure Authorized Pub lic Disclosure Authorized  \nHEALTH AND ECONOMIC  \nCONSEQUENCES OF AN IMPENDING GLOBAL  \nCHALLENGE  \nMeera Shekar and Barry Popkin  \nWHY THIS REPORT NOW?  \n1 2  \n3 4  \n5  \nOVERWEIGHT/OBESITY GROWING RAPIDLY IN LOWAND MIDDLE-INCOME COUNTRIES  \n\n| HUGE IMPACT OF OVERWEIGHT/OBESITY\u003Cbr>ON PRODUCTIVITY AND ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT |\n| --- |\n| GROWING BODY OF EVIDENCE ON WHAT WORKS TO PREVENT OBESITY |\n| GOVERNMENTS HAVE A KEY ROLE FORA COMPREHENSIVE RESPONSE |\n\nDEVELOPMENT PARTNERS CAN COORDINATE SUPPORT FOR COUNTRIES TO ADDRESS THE “SYNDEMIC” OF OVERWEIGHT/ OBESITY, UNDERNUTRITION AND CLIMATE CHANGE  \nTHE SIZE AND NATURE OF THE PROBLEM  \nOverweight/Obesity Prevalence: Low-and Middle-Income Countries  \nVery high (≥ 40%)  High (≥30 –39%)  Medium (≥20 –29%)  Low (\u003C 20%)  \nDATA SOURCES: Joint Malnutrition Estimates and NCD-RisC estimates, supplemented with selected Demographic SOURCE: Shekar &Popkin 2020  \nand Health Surveys and other country direct national measures  \nTHE SIZE AND NATURE OF THE PROBLEM  \nGlobally, nearly 1 out of 2 ADULTS (44%) and 1 out of 5 CHILDREN (20%) are overweight/obese (2016)  \nADULTS  \n1 out of 2  \nCHILDREN  \n(5-19 years old)  \n1 out of 5  \nSOURCE: Shekar and Popkin 2020  \nTHE SIZE AND NATURE OF THE PROBLEM  \noverweight/obese people live in  \nLOW OR MIDDLE INCOME COUNTRIES  \n55%  \nof the rise in overweight/ obesity is in RURAL AREAS  \nSOURCE: Shekar and Popkin 2020  \nFACTORS AFFECTING OVERWEIGHT/OBESITY: A CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK  \nINDIRECT FACTORS  \nFOOD SYSTEMS  \nTRADE LIBERALIZATION   \n COUNTRY WEALTH  \nDIRECT FACTORS  \nEARLY LIFE NUTRITION  \nAND GENETICS  \n URBANIZATION  \nBUILT ENVIRONMENT  \nTECHNOLOGY   SOCIAL AND CULTURAL NORMS  \nSOURCE: Shekar and Popkin 2020  \nHEALTH IMPACTS OF OBESITY  \nCARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES  \nStroke, neeaurtrysmsattac  \nDIABETES Gestational  \ndiabetes, amputation, vision loss  \nCANCERS  \nUteiinedne, yliv,er, pancreatic, colorectal  \nOTHER Infections, d aseptrmassio, n  \nSOURCE: Shekar and Popkin 2020  \nECONOMIC COSTS OF OBESITY  \nUSA  \nUS$147 BILLION  \nEstimated direct costs (2008)  \nChina  \nUS$43.6 BILLION 3.6% of GNP  \nEstimated indirect costs (2000)  \nIndonesia  \nUS$28.4 BILLION 3% of GDP  \nEstimated total costs (2016)  \nGlobal Costs  \nUS$2trillion  \nADDITIONAL COSTS ASSOCIATED WITH INCREASED WATER USE & CARBON EMISSIONS   \nDATA SOURCES: Dobbs et al. 2014; Kosen 2018; Popkin et al. 2006; Finkelstein et al. 2009  \nPOTENTIAL STRATEGIES TO ADDRESS OVERWEIGHT/OBESITY  \nTAXATION  \nENHANCING URBAN REDESIGN  \nAND REVITALIZATION  \nNUTRIENT PROFILING MODELS  \nPROMOTING HEALTHY DIETS AND  \nPHYSICAL ACTIVITY  \nREGULATING MARKETING TO  \nCHILDREN  \nIMPROVING SCHOOL FOOD  \nAND NUTRITION  \nIMPROVING THE QUALITY OF THE FOOD SYSTEM  \nSCALING UP PRENATAL AND  \nEARLY CHILDHOOD NUTRITION  \nINTERVENTIONS  \nSOURCE: Shekar and Popkin 2020  \n42+ COUNTRIES HAVE IMPLEMENTED SUGAR SWEETENED BEVERAGE (SSB) TAXES AROUND THE WORLD  \nAmericas  \nBarbados Bermuda Chile Colombia Dominica Mexico Peru USA (8Local)  \nImplemented  \nPassed  \nBelgium Estonia Finland France Hungary Ireland Latvia  \nMorocco Norway Portugal Spain(Catalonia) St Helena  \nUK  \nAfrica, Eastern Mediterranean &SoutheastAsia  \nEurope  \nWestern Pacific  \nBahrain India  \nMalaysia  \nMaldives  \nMauritius SaudiArabia SouthAfrica  \nSri Lanka  \nThailand  \nUnited Arab Emirates  \nBrunei Darussalam Cook Islands  \nFiji  \nFrench Polynesia  \nKiribati Samoa Nauru Tonga  \nPalau Vanuatu  \nPhilippines  \nDATA SOURCE: Global Food Research Program, University of North Carolina, 2019. [http://globalfoodresearchprogram.web.unc.edu/multi-country-initiative/resources](http://globalfoodresearchprogram.web.unc.edu/multi-country-initiative/resources/)[/](http://globalfoodresearchprogram.web.unc.edu/multi-country-initiative/resources/) (as of March 2019)","cbCaiaQxTlFyQKTq","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaiaQxTlFyQKTq","pdf",1464245,1,17,"English","en",105,"# Why this report now?\n## Overweight/obesity growing rapidly in low- and middle-income countries\n## Huge impact on productivity and economic development\n# The size and nature of the problem\n## Overweight/obesity prevalence in low- and middle-income countries\n## Global prevalence among adults and children\n## Where the rise is occurring\n# Factors affecting overweight/obesity: a conceptual framework\n## Indirect factors\n## Direct factors\n# Health impacts of obesity\n# Economic costs of obesity\n# Potential strategies to address overweight/obesity","[{\"question\":\"Why is this report presented now?\",\"answer\":\"The report emphasizes accelerating overweight/obesity in low- and middle-income countries and its wide effects on productivity and economic development, supported by a growing evidence base on prevention actions. It highlights governments’ roles in comprehensive responses to a broader syndemic context.\"},{\"question\":\"How widespread is overweight/obesity globally?\",\"answer\":\"Globally, nearly 1 out of 2 adults (44%) and 1 out of 5 children (20%) are overweight or obese based on 2016 estimates.\"},{\"question\":\"What health and economic impacts does obesity drive?\",\"answer\":\"Obesity contributes to major diseases including cardiovascular conditions, diabetes, cancers, and other health outcomes. It also generates large direct and indirect costs, including substantial global estimates and additional costs linked to water use and carbon emissions.\"}]",1784498008,43,{"code":4,"msg":30,"data":31},"ok",{"site_id":24,"language":23,"slug":32,"title":13,"keywords":33,"description":14,"schema_data":34,"social_meta":85,"head_meta":87,"extra_data":89,"updated_unix":27},"health-and-economic-consequences-of-an-impending-global-challenge-vol-3-slide-deck","",{"@graph":35,"@context":84},[36,53,67],{"@type":37,"itemListElement":38},"BreadcrumbList",[39,43,47,50],{"item":40,"name":41,"@type":42,"position":20},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":44,"name":45,"@type":42,"position":46},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/","Document",2,{"item":48,"name":12,"@type":42,"position":49},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/healthcare/",3,{"item":51,"name":13,"@type":42,"position":52},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/health-and-economic-consequences-of-an-impending-global-challenge-vol-3-slide-deck/112891/",4,{"url":51,"name":13,"@type":54,"author":55,"headline":13,"publisher":57,"fileFormat":60,"inLanguage":23,"description":14,"dateModified":61,"datePublished":61,"encodingFormat":60,"isAccessibleForFree":62,"interactionStatistic":63},"DigitalDocument",{"name":9,"@type":56},"Person",{"url":40,"name":58,"@type":59},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-07-19",true,{"@type":64,"interactionType":65,"userInteractionCount":4},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":66},"ViewAction",{"@type":68,"mainEntity":69},"FAQPage",[70,76,80],{"name":71,"@type":72,"acceptedAnswer":73},"Why is this report presented now?","Question",{"text":74,"@type":75},"The report emphasizes accelerating overweight/obesity in low- and middle-income countries and its wide effects on productivity and economic development, supported by a growing evidence base on prevention actions. It highlights governments’ roles in comprehensive responses to a broader syndemic context.","Answer",{"name":77,"@type":72,"acceptedAnswer":78},"How widespread is overweight/obesity globally?",{"text":79,"@type":75},"Globally, nearly 1 out of 2 adults (44%) and 1 out of 5 children (20%) are overweight or obese based on 2016 estimates.",{"name":81,"@type":72,"acceptedAnswer":82},"What health and economic impacts does obesity drive?",{"text":83,"@type":75},"Obesity contributes to major diseases including cardiovascular conditions, diabetes, cancers, and other health outcomes. It also generates large direct and indirect costs, including substantial global estimates and additional costs linked to water use and carbon emissions.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":51,"og:type":86,"og:title":13,"og:site_name":58,"og:description":14},"article",{"robots":88,"canonical":51},"index,follow",{"doc_id":7,"site_id":24},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":91},[92,96,100,104,109,114,117,122,127,130,134],{"id":20,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":45,"category_name":93,"show_sort_weight":94,"slug":95},"Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":46,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":45,"category_name":97,"show_sort_weight":98,"slug":99},"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":52,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":45,"category_name":101,"show_sort_weight":102,"slug":103},"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":105,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":45,"category_name":106,"show_sort_weight":107,"slug":108},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":110,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":45,"category_name":111,"show_sort_weight":112,"slug":113},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":11,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":45,"category_name":12,"show_sort_weight":115,"slug":116},40,"healthcare",{"id":118,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":45,"category_name":119,"show_sort_weight":120,"slug":121},8,"Research & Report",30,"research-report",{"id":123,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":45,"category_name":124,"show_sort_weight":125,"slug":126},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":125,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":45,"category_name":128,"show_sort_weight":125,"slug":129},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":131,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":45,"category_name":132,"show_sort_weight":131,"slug":133},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":135,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":45,"category_name":136,"show_sort_weight":105,"slug":137},19,"General","general"]