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Using secondary analysis of a statewide integrated administrative dataset (N=2,986), findings show that more than half of HS children also enroll in Pre-K. Dual enrollment, reflecting greater center-based early care and education hours, predicts higher teacher-reported school readiness skills across multiple domains. HS grantee partnership strength with local school districts is linked to higher dual enrollment rates.",{"@graph":69,"@context":121},[70,84,104],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":35,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/healthcare/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/head-start-childrens-dual-enrollment-in-state-pre-k-prevalence-and-child-outcomes/590247/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":98,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":99,"interactionStatistic":100},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/head-start-childrens-dual-enrollment-in-state-pre-k-prevalence-and-child-outcomes/590247.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Adam","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-15",true,{"@type":101,"interactionType":102,"userInteractionCount":8},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":103},"ViewAction",{"@type":105,"mainEntity":106},"FAQPage",[107,113,117],{"name":108,"@type":109,"acceptedAnswer":110},"What does the study investigate about Head Start children’s dual enrollment?","Question",{"text":111,"@type":112},"It investigates the prevalence of HS children’s dual enrollment in state Pre-K and how such enrollment relates to child outcomes. It also examines whether HS-school district program partnerships are associated with higher Pre-K enrollment.","Answer",{"name":114,"@type":109,"acceptedAnswer":115},"How was the study conducted and what dataset was used?",{"text":116,"@type":112},"The study used secondary analysis of a statewide integrated administrative dataset with 2,986 participants. This approach supports analysis of enrollment patterns and outcomes.",{"name":118,"@type":109,"acceptedAnswer":119},"What outcomes are linked to dual enrollment in state Pre-K?",{"text":120,"@type":112},"Dual enrollment predicts higher teacher-reported school readiness skills. Reported skills include cognitive, language, literacy, math, physical, and social-emotional domains.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":123,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":125,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":127,"site_id":62},590247,1792079023,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":130},{"doc_id":127,"user_id":131,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":132,"doc_module":4,"category_id":34,"category_name":35,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":133,"file_id":134,"file_url":135,"file_type":136,"file_size":137,"view_count":8,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":138,"language":139,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":140,"faqs":141,"seo_title":142,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":143,"read_time":144},1374404737137,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_155a257f0dc6eb9ab79c44ca47cae57d","AERA Open  \nJanuary-December 2024, Vol. 10, No. 1, pp. 1–17 DOI: 10. 1177/23328584241255612  \nArticle reuse guidelines: [sagepub.com/journals-permissions](sagepub.com/journals-permissions)[ ](sagepub.com/journals-permissions)© The Author(s) 2024. [https://journals.sagepub.com/home/ero](https://journals.sagepub.com/home/ero)  \nHead Start Children’s Dual Enrollment in State Pre-K: Prevalence and Child Outcomes  \nJi-Young Choi  \nThe Ohio State University  \nLaura C. Betancur  \nHeather L. Rouse  \nIowa State University  \nThe current study investigated the prevalence and outcomes related to Head Start (HS) children’s dual enrollment in statefunded prekindergarten (state Pre-K) using a secondary analysis of a statewide integrated administrative dataset (N = 2,986). It also explored whether a program partnership between HS and the local school district (within the same geographic service area) was associated with HS children’s higher enrollment in Pre-K. Findings showed that over half of the children attending HS additionally participated in Pre-K. Such dual enrollment, which reflects more daily hours of center-based early care and education, predicted higher teacher-reported school readiness skills, including cognitive, language, literacy, math, physical, and social-emotional skills. The rate of HS children’s dual enrollment was higher when their HS grantee had a stronger partnership with the local school district. Our findings highlight the importance of systematic efforts to maximize the utilization of ECE-allocated resources for low-income children.  \nKeywords: early childhood, secondary data analysis, school readiness, Head Start, state pre-K, program partnership  \nA substantial number of empirical studies evidence the importance of early childhood education (ECE) programs for supporting children’s learning and development (Duncan & Magnuson, 2013; Gray-Lobe et al., 2023; Kline & Walters, 2016; Yoshikawa et al., 2016) . Quality ECE programs promote lifelong success in education, income, and health (García & Heckman, 2021; Gormley et al., 2023; Heckman et al., 2010; Kline & Walters, 2016; McCoy et al., 2017) . Costbenefit analyses have shown that public investment in ECE programs generates returns between five and seven times larger than their costs (García et al., 2017; Heckman et al., 2010). Studies have also demonstrated ECE programs’potential to close the observed achievement gaps between lowincome children and their peers (Administration for Children and Families [ACF], 2010; R. Lee et al., 2014; Magnuson et al., 2007; Walters, 2015; Weiland & Yoshikawa, 2013) . With such empirical evidence, public investment in ECE programs, such as Head Start and state Pre-K, has continuously increased.  \nHead Start  \nThe federal Head Start (hereafter referred to as HS) program is one of the long-standing and largest targeted ECE  \nprograms that has received much public and research attention. To promote school readiness for disadvantaged children under age 5, HS offers comprehensive services, including educational, social, health, nutrition, and parental outreach (Administration for Children and Families [ACF], 2016a) . Children who qualify for HS services include those belonging to families with incomes below the poverty line, families experiencing homelessness, or families receiving public assistance (e.g., Temporary Assistance for Needy Families [TANF]) . Foster children and children with disabilities are also eligible for HS services (see more details in Early Childhood Learning and Knowledge Center [ECLKC], n.d.-b) .  \nSince its inception in 1965, HS has helped over 36 million children from primarily low-income families (ECLKC, 2020a) . Federal funding for HS has steadily increased, reaching over $10 billion in 2020 (ECLKC, 2020b) and serving over 363,000 four-year-olds (Kids Count Data Center, 2020) . One central tenant of the HS program is its focus on the systematic engagement of families and communities to support the comprehensive","cbCailMFzYbV6Hdt","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCailMFzYbV6Hdt","pdf",521878,17,"English","# Head Start Children’s Dual Enrollment in State Pre-K\n## Background on early childhood education (ECE)\n## Overview of the Head Start program\n## Head Start parent, family, and community engagement framework (PFCE)\n## Evidence on Head Start impacts on children’s outcomes\n## Current study design and findings","[{\"question\":\"What does the study investigate about Head Start children’s dual enrollment?\",\"answer\":\"It investigates the prevalence of HS children’s dual enrollment in state Pre-K and how such enrollment relates to child outcomes. It also examines whether HS-school district program partnerships are associated with higher Pre-K enrollment.\"},{\"question\":\"How was the study conducted and what dataset was used?\",\"answer\":\"The study used secondary analysis of a statewide integrated administrative dataset with 2,986 participants. This approach supports analysis of enrollment patterns and outcomes.\"},{\"question\":\"What outcomes are linked to dual enrollment in state Pre-K?\",\"answer\":\"Dual enrollment predicts higher teacher-reported school readiness skills. Reported skills include cognitive, language, literacy, math, physical, and social-emotional domains.\"}]","Head Start Children’s Dual Enrollment in State Pre-K: Prevalence and Child Outcomes | PDF",1792069165,43]