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Blood-based approaches, especially cell-free DNAs (cf-DNAs), circulating tumor cells (CTCs), and extracellular vesicles (EVs), are widely studied. EVs attract major interest because their stable molecular cargo and straightforward extraction support tumor diagnosis, prognosis prediction, and treatment-response assessment. 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Journal of Hematology & Oncology (2024) 17:55 [https://doi.org/10.1186/s13045-024-01577-y](https://doi.org/10.1186/s13045-024-01577-y)  \nJournal of Hematology & Oncology  \nCORRESPONDENCE Open Access  \nHarnessing extracellular vesicles using liquid  biopsy for cancer diagnosis and monitoring: highlights from AACR Annual Meeting 2024  \nXinming Su 1,2, Zeping Shan 1,2 and Shiwei Duan 1,2*  \nAbstract  \nLiquid biopsy, an advanced technology for analyzing body fluid samples, is gaining traction in cancer diagnosticsand monitoring. Blood-based liquid biopsy, particularly focusing on cell-free DNAs (cf-DNAs), circulating tumor cells (CTCs), and extracellular vesicles (EVs), has garnered significant attention. EVs stand out for their potential in tumor diagnosis, prognosis prediction, and treatment response assessment, owing to their stable molecular cargo and clear extraction process. At the recent American Association for Cancer Research (AACR) Annual Meeting 2024, groundbreaking EVs-based liquid biopsy studies showcased promising strides in early detection and diagnosis of various cancers, including breast cancer (BC), high-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC), pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), colorectal cancer (CRC), colon adenocarcinoma (COAD), head and neck cancer (HNC), neuroblastoma, and retinoblastoma (RB) . Despite these advancements, challenges persist in translating EVs biomarkers into clinical practice. Overcoming these challenges promises to propel EVs-based liquid biopsy into anew era of personalized precision medicine, revolutionizing cancer detection, monitoring, and treatment. Keywords Liquid biopsy, Extracellular vesicles, Cancer diagnosis, Biomarkers, Precision medicine  \nTo the Editor,  \nCurrently, blood-based liquid biopsy dominates research efforts, primarily detecting free blood components, including cell-free DNAs (cf-DNAs), circulating tumor cells (CTCs), and extracellular vesicles (EVs). EVs are vesicles released by cells into the extracellular environment. They have shown high accuracy and sensitivity in early cancer detection, classification, and treatment evaluation, making them valuable as a source of  \n*Correspondence: Shiwei Duan [duansw@hzcu.edu.cn](duansw@hzcu.edu.cn)  \n1Key Laboratory of Novel Targets and Drug Study for Neural Repair of Zhejiang Province, School of Medicine, Hangzhou City University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China  \n2Department of Clinical Medicine, Hangzhou City University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China  \nbiomarkers. They carry stable and representative molecular components, including proteins, nucleic acids, and lipids, enhancing their clinical utility. Excitingly, The American Association for Cancer Research (AACR) Annual Meeting 2024 highlighted several EVs-based liquid biopsies, heralding significant progress in early detection and diagnosis of common malignancies like breast cancer (BC), high-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC), pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), colorectal cancer (CRC), colon adenocarcinoma (COAD), head and neck cancer (HNC), neuroblastoma, and retinoblastoma (RB) (Tables 1 and 2).  \nBC is one of the most prevalent and lethal cancers affecting women worldwide. Jee Ye Kim et al. used BCderived EVs from blood samples, identifying 5 EV-miRNAs as potential biomarkers, with AUC values exceeding 0.8 [1]. In another case-control study, Barbara Cardinali  \n© The Author(s) 2024. Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative ","cbCaiiL0dg5Fw6I1","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaiiL0dg5Fw6I1","pdf",699102,"English","# Abstract\n## Liquid biopsy overview\n## EV-based diagnostic potential\n## AACR Annual Meeting 2024 highlights\n## Challenges and future directions","[{\"question\":\"What is liquid biopsy and why is it important for cancer care?\",\"answer\":\"Liquid biopsy analyzes body-fluid samples to support cancer diagnosis and monitoring. It is advancing because it can capture tumor-related signals without relying solely on tissue biopsies.\"},{\"question\":\"Why are extracellular vesicles (EVs) emphasized in EV-based liquid biopsy?\",\"answer\":\"EVs are highlighted for their stable molecular cargo and the clarity of extraction. They can reflect tumor diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment response.\"},{\"question\":\"What challenges remain for translating EV biomarkers into clinical practice?\",\"answer\":\"The text notes that challenges persist in translating EV biomarkers into clinical practice. Addressing these issues is expected to move EV-based liquid biopsy toward personalized precision medicine.\"}]","Harnessing extracellular vesicles using liquid biopsy for cancer diagnosis and monitoring - highlights from AACR Annual Meeting 2024 | PDF",1790021485]