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It covers core principles of compass deviations and their correction, and expands beyond standard texts by including degaussing effects, compensation principles, and the electrical characteristics of compensating coil equipment. Guidance is oriented toward Navy personnel, including check-off based training for inexperienced ship staff, with references to condensed error-correction 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S.SPENCER  \nElectrical Engineer  \nAND  \nGEORGE F.KUCERALieutenant U.S.N.R.  \nApril 1945  \nApproved by  \nUNITED STATES NAVY DEPARTMENT  \nBUREAU OF SHIPS  \nWashington,D.C.  \nUNITED STATESGOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICEWASHINGTON:1945  \nPrice $1.00  \nSpecial printing of Second Edition.5M-4-45  \n## INTRODUCTION\n\nThis handbook of magnetic compass correction,for both normal  \n·and degaussed conditions,has been prepared in order to present allpertinent information regarding the practical procedures of adjust-ment and compensation in one text.As such,it deals with the basicprinciples of compass deviations and their correction,and not withthe details of particular compass equipment.However,since nostandard texts have been prepared on degausing and its effects onthe compass,this text not only includes the principles of degaussingcompensations,but also the details of compass compensating coil equip-ments and their electrical characteristics.  \nAlthough this text is presented as a systematic treatise on compassadjustment and compensation,ship's personnel who are inexperiencedwith compass correction will find sufficient information in chaptersI and Xto eliminate compass errors satisfactorily without intensivestudy of the entire text.Reference should also be made to figure 19for condensed information regarding the various compass errors andtheir correction.  \nIn this handbook the term compass adjustment refers to any changeof permanent magnet or soft iron correctors whereby normal compasserrors are reduced.The term compass compensation refers to anychange in the currents supplied to the compass compensating coilswhereby the errors due to degaussing are reduced.These terms differfrom those used in previous compass publications but are in accord-ance with recently approved Navy nomenclature established so as todistinguish between the two correction procedures.  \nThis text is the outgrowth of lecture notes prepared by the authorswhile presenting courses of instruction in adjustment and compensa-tion at the Magnetic Compass Demonstration Station,Naval Operat-ing Base,Norfolk,Va.These courses were designed primarily for theSpecialist Officer Training Program,and were also utilized by variouscther training activities in and around Norfolk.A basic,simplifiedcheck-off list was used as the nucleus of these courses,and the lecturematerial was so designed as to amplify this check-off list.In view ofthe obvious need for a practical handbook for Navy personnel,bothat shore stations and at sea,it was decided to expand the lecture mate-rial into such a text,based on personal experience with compass adjust-ment,compensation,and compass coil design.  \nINTRODUCTION  \nSpecial credit is due Commander Myron J.Walker,U.S.N.(Ret.),under whose direction the above work was accomplished,for his en-couragement and assistance in the preparation of this text,and for hisefforts in bringing it to the attention of the Navy Department by whomit was subsequently approved.Acknowledgement is due the compassofficers and technicians of the Bureau of Ships and the HydrographicOffice who were very cooperative and helpful in reviewing the subjectmaterial.The authors are also grateful for the helpful suggestionsmade by the compass adjustors of the various naval districts.  \nNYE S.SPENCER  \nGEORGE F.KUCERA  \n# TABLE OF CONTENTSPart I.—MAGNETIC_ADJUSTMENT\n\nPage  \nCHAPTER  \n1  \nI.Procedures for magnetic compass adjustment(check-off list)----  \nII.Magnetism_-----------  \n7  \n15  \nIII.Theory of magnetic compass adjustment__--  \nIV.Typical deviation curve and the estimation of approximate co-  \n29  \nefficients_--------  \n35  \nV.Ship's heading---------_  \nVI.Azimuths_---------  \n43  \nVII.Practical procedures for magnetic compass adjustment_49  \nVIII.Corrector effects—Interactions between correctors_-----  \n61  \nIX.Transient deviations of the magnetic compass---------","cbCaivzlviDsVgoZ","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaivzlviDsVgoZ","pdf",9920516,168,"English","# Introduction\n# Part I.—Magnetic Adjustment\n## Chapter 1\n## II. Magnetism\n## III. Theory of magnetic compass adjustment\n## IV. Typical deviation curve and the estimation of approximate coefficients\n## V. Ship's heading\n## VI. Azimuths\n## VII. Practical procedures for magnetic compass adjustment\n## VIII. Corrector effects—Interactions between correctors\n## IX. Transient deviations of the magnetic compass\n# Part II.—Degaussing Compensation\n## X. Procedures for degaussing compass compensation (check-off list)\n## XI. Degaussing compass compensation\n## XII. Compass compensating coil and control box data\n## XIII. Compass compensating coil effects\n# Part III.—Miscellaneous\n## XIV. Compass records and reports\n## XV. Use of the dip needle for heeling adjustments\n## XVI. Use of the horizontal force instrument\n## XVII. Slewing of spheres\n## XVIII. Slewing of the Flinders bar\n## XIX. Remote reading compasses\n# Suggested Course of Study\n## Appendix A. Outline\n## Appendix B. Bibliography\n## Appendix C. Problems\n## Appendix D. Answers to problems\n## Index","[{\"question\":\"What is the handbook’s scope regarding compass correction procedures?\",\"answer\":\"It covers adjustment and compensation for both normal and degaussed conditions, focusing on general principles and practical procedures rather than details of specific compass equipment.\"},{\"question\":\"How does the handbook distinguish “compass adjustment” from “compass compensation”?\",\"answer\":\"Compass adjustment refers to changes to permanent magnet or soft iron correctors to reduce normal errors, while compass compensation refers to changes in currents supplied to compensating coils to reduce errors due to degaussing.\"},{\"question\":\"Who is the handbook intended to help with compass error correction?\",\"answer\":\"It is designed for Navy personnel, including ship’s personnel inexperienced with compass correction, providing enough chapter material to eliminate errors satisfactorily without intensive study of the entire text.\"}]","HANDBOOK OF MAGNETIC COMPASS ADJUSTMENT AND COMPENSATION - Second Edition - Practical procedures and compensation for compass deviation correction | PDF",423]