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The report outlines key findings and a detailed executive summary, then develops evidence-based arguments in multiple parts, including corroboration of a Hamas war narrative, analysis of women and children casualty patterns, and evaluation of MoH hospital records against epidemiological modelling and anecdotal accounts. 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All rights reserved.  \nTitle: “HAMAS CASUALTY REPORTS ARE A TANGLE OF TECHNICAL PROBLEMS”By Lewi Stone and Gregory Rose  \nThe views expressed in this publication are those of the authors and are not necessarily indicative of those of The Henry Jackson Society or its Trustees.  \nCover image: An IDF Infantry Commando providing cover in front of a ruined building, Han Yunis, Gaza, February 2024, by Ran Zisovitchat at Shutterstock ( [https://www.shutterstock.com/image](https://www.shutterstock.com/image)photo/han-yunis-feb-7th-2024-gaza-2426591937) .  \nHAMAS CASUALTY REPORTS ARE ATANGLE OF TECHNICAL PROBLEMS  \nBy LEWI STONE and GREGORY ROSE  \nDEMOCRACY | FREEDOM | HUMAN RIGHTS  \nCENTRE FOR NEW MIDDLE EAST  \nApril 2025  \nAbout the Authors  \nLewi Stone is a Professor of Mathematical Epidemiology in the mathematical sciences department at RMIT University, Melbourne, Australia. Prof. Stone has decades of experience working as a biomathematician with strong research interests in epidemiology, statistics, mathematical modelling and multidisciplinary research. His work encompasses digital humanities and the quanti􀀞cation of warfare. Prof. Stone is the corresponding author for this research; Email: [lewi.stone@rmit.edu.au](lewi.stone@rmit.edu.au).  \nGregory Rose is an Honorary Professor of Law at the Australian National Centre for Ocean Resources and Security (ANCORS) at the University of Wollongong, Australia. His expertise isin international law and his areas of research include international law relating to armed con􀀝ict, counterterrorism, transnational environmental crime and marine environmental governance.  \nAcknowledgments  \nThe authors thank Michael Eisfelder, Alasdair McCallum, Tom Simpson, Gabriel Epstein, Salo Aizenberg, Isaac Nativ and Lee Mordechai for helpful discussions. Any errors are responsibilities of the authors alone.  \nAbout Us  \n\n| \u003Cbr>􀀞􀀝􀀜􀀛􀀚􀀙􀀛􀀘 􀀗 􀀕􀀚􀀞􀀞 􀀜􀀝 􀀗 􀀔􀀓􀀝􀀙􀀒 􀀚􀀑􀀐􀀔􀀏􀀎\u003Cbr>About The Henry Jackson Society |\n| --- |\n| The Henry Jackson Society is a think-tank and policy-shaping force that 􀀞ghts for the principles and alliances which keep societies free, working across borders and party lines to combat extremism, advance democracy and real human rights, and make a stand in an increasingly uncertain world.\u003Cbr>CENTRE\u003Cbr>FOR NEW\u003Cbr>MIDDLE\u003Cbr>EAST\u003Cbr>About the Centre for New Middle East |\n| The Centre for New Middle East is a one-stop shop designed to provide opinion-leaders and policymakers with the fresh thinking, analytical research and policy solutions required to make geopolitical progress in one of the world’s most complicated and 􀀝uid regions.\u003Cbr>Established following the fallout from the Arab Spring, the Centre is dedicated to monitoring political, ideological, and military and security developments across the Middle East and providing informed assessments of their wide-ranging implications to key decision makers. |\n\nContents  \nAbout the Authors......................................................................................................... 2  \nAcknowledgments......................................................................................................... 2  \nAbout The Henry Jackson Society.............................................................................. 3  \nAbout the Centre for New Middle East ...................................................................... 3  \nKey Findings.......................................................................................................................... 5  \nExecutive Summary.........................","cbCaid92I4bYvauQ","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaid92I4bYvauQ","pdf",1949813,54,"English","# About the Authors\n# Acknowledgments\n# About The Henry Jackson Society\n# About the Centre for New Middle East\n# Key Findings\n# Executive Summary\n# Introduction\n# Part A: Using Data to Corroborate a Hamas War Narrative\n## Women and Children Casualties\n## Part B: Women and Children Casualty Rate was Far Lower than Claimed by Hamas (70%)\n## Part C: MoH Hospital Records Contradict Epidemiological Modelling and Doctors’ Anecdotal Accounts\n## Part D: Contradictions Between Hamas Media Announcements and Hospital Records","[{\"question\":\"What is the core claim of the report?\",\"answer\":\"The report argues that Hamas casualty reporting involves technical problems that create contradictions with documented evidence, including hospital records and data analysis.\"},{\"question\":\"Which data sources are used to test the casualty narratives?\",\"answer\":\"It uses empirical evidence and hospital records, comparing outcomes shown in medical documentation with epidemiological modelling and doctors’ accounts.\"},{\"question\":\"How does the report address women and children casualties?\",\"answer\":\"It analyzes injury and casualty rates for women and children, presenting sections that compare empirical evidence and casualty trends against figures claimed by Hamas.\"}]","HAMAS CASUALTY REPORTS ARE A TANGLE OF TECHNICAL PROBLEMS - Report | PDF",136]