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It explains how Oiche Shamhna reflects the eve of Samhain and how customs like guising shaped later trick-or-treat traditions. The passage covers turnip lanterns, the barmbrack bread with hidden objects, and apple-bobbing games, ending with how traditions traveled across generations and an ocean.",{"@graph":69,"@context":123},[70,84,106],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":15,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/literature/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/halloween-in-ireland-and-scotland-part-8-solve-each-problem/486752/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/halloween-in-ireland-and-scotland-part-8-solve-each-problem/486752.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"CatatanPagi","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-11-06","2026-09-30",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":105},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",11,{"@type":107,"mainEntity":108},"FAQPage",[109,115,119],{"name":110,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":112},"What does the Irish phrase Oiche Shamhna mean according to the article?","Question",{"text":113,"@type":114},"It means “the eve of Samhain.”","Answer",{"name":116,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":117},"How does the article explain the connection between ancient turnip lanterns and the modern jack-o’-lantern?",{"text":118,"@type":114},"It describes how immigrants first carved turnips in Ireland and Scotland, but in America they switched to pumpkins, which are easier to carve, leading to the jack-o’-lantern tradition.",{"name":120,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":121},"How did children originally earn treats while guising?",{"text":122,"@type":114},"Each child had to perform for the household, such as singing a song, reciting a poem, or telling a joke, to earn a treat.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":125,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":127,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":129,"site_id":62},486752,1790918008,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":132},{"doc_id":129,"user_id":133,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":134,"doc_module":4,"category_id":14,"category_name":15,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":135,"file_id":136,"file_url":137,"file_type":138,"file_size":139,"view_count":105,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":44,"language":140,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":141,"faqs":142,"seo_title":143,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":144,"read_time":145,"preview_page_count":4},962090894170,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_6f874abed73319feea01a86fa6f0fab8","Picture a night more than two thousand years ago, when whole villages huddled around bonfires so tall the flames lit up the hills for miles. This was Samhain, a festival marking the end of harvest and the start of winter for the ancient Celts of Ireland and Scotland. In Irish it is still called Oiche Shamhna, which means \"the eve of Samhain,\" a name that reminds us how old this holiday truly is. People believed that on this one night the line between the living world and the world of spirits grew thin. Almost every custom you enjoy today, from costumes to carved lanterns, can trace a thread back to this smoky, star-lit celebration.  \nThose thin borders between worlds gave people a clever excuse to hide their faces. This was the beginning of guising, a tradition where children dressed in disguise and went from door to door. Here is the twist that might surprise you: they did not simply get candy for showing up. To earn a treat, each guiser had to perform, singing a song, reciting a poem, or telling a joke to the household. When Irish and Scottish families later carried this custom across the ocean to North America, it slowly softened into the trick-ortreating we know, where a knock and a costume are usually enough.  \nBefore those young performers headed out, many of them carried a light that looked nothing like the pumpkins on your porch. In Ireland and Scotland, people hollowed out turnips, a hard, pale root vegetable, and carved eerie faces into their thick sides. Inside they placed a glowing ember or a small candle, creating a lantern that flickered along the dark lanes. Carving a turnip is brutally difficult, since the vegetable is dense and stubborn compared with a soft pumpkin. So when immigrants reached America and met the plump, easily carved pumpkin, they happily switched, and the jack-o'-lantern was reborn.  \nThat same spirit of transformation showed up on the dinner table in the form of a special bread. Barmbrack is a sweet, speckled loaf packed with raisins and other dried fruit, traditionally sliced and spread thick with butter. What made it exciting was not the taste but the surprise baked inside, for cooks hid a small ring in the dough. People told a story that whoever found the ring in their slice would be the next to marry within the year. Other tiny objects were sometimes added too, each one carrying its own playful meaning for the person who bit into it.  \nGames could be just as full of fortune-telling fun as that hidden ring. One favorite was  \napple bobbing, where players lean over a tub of water and try to grab floating apples using only their teeth. In another version, apples dangled from strings, and the trick was to take a bite without any hands at all. Apples were everywhere at this time of year because the harvest had just filled every barn and cellar. These simple games spread far beyond the Celtic lands and are still splashing water across party floors today.  \nFrom a floating apple all the way back to a hilltop fire, every piece of this holiday tells a story of people carrying their traditions into new homes. The Celts who lit those first bonfires could never have imagined children in America carving pumpkins and shouting \"trick or treat. \" Yet the connection is real, stitched together across centuries and an entire ocean. Consider this: the next time you flick on a plastic jack-o'-  \nlantern, you are echoing a turnip lantern that glowed in an Irish field before your country even existed.  \nHalloween in Ireland and Scotland  \nName:  \n\n| Solve each problem.\u003Cbr>Use the article to answer the question.\u003Cbr>1) What is the meaning of the Irish phrase Oiche Shamhna?\u003Cbr>A. The eve of Samhain B. The end of the harvest\u003Cbr>C. The night of bonfires D. The feast of spirits |  |  |  |  | Answers\u003Cbr>1.  \u003Cbr>2.   |  |  |  |  |  |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |\n| 2) How does the final paragraph mainly connect back to the rest of the article?\u003Cbr>A. It lists every date on which Sam","cbCairBamgnYzoyD","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCairBamgnYzoyD","pdf",101980,"English","# Reading Passage: Halloween in Ireland and Scotland\n## Questions and Answers","[{\"question\":\"What does the Irish phrase Oiche Shamhna mean according to the article?\",\"answer\":\"It means “the eve of Samhain.”\"},{\"question\":\"How does the article explain the connection between ancient turnip lanterns and the modern jack-o’-lantern?\",\"answer\":\"It describes how immigrants first carved turnips in Ireland and Scotland, but in America they switched to pumpkins, which are easier to carve, leading to the jack-o’-lantern tradition.\"},{\"question\":\"How did children originally earn treats while guising?\",\"answer\":\"Each child had to perform for the household, such as singing a song, reciting a poem, or telling a joke, to earn a treat.\"}]","Halloween in Ireland and Scotland - Part 8 - Solve each problem | PDF",1790807057,14]