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Echocardiography is presented as the first-line noninvasive approach, with transthoracic imaging complemented by two- and three-dimensional transesophageal echocardiography for refinement of prosthesis morphology and function. Advances in computed tomography and cardiac magnetic resonance are also described as supporting modalities for valvular heart disease assessment, framed through literature review and expert consensus.",{"@graph":69,"@context":123},[70,84,106],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":35,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/healthcare/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/guidelines-for-the-evaluation-of-prosthetic-valve-function-with-cardiovascular-imaging/496250/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/guidelines-for-the-evaluation-of-prosthetic-valve-function-with-cardiovascular-imaging/496250.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Alex Sinclair","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-11-10","2026-10-02",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":105},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",16,{"@type":107,"mainEntity":108},"FAQPage",[109,115,119],{"name":110,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":112},"Why are diagnostic methods needed for prosthetic valve function?","Question",{"text":113,"@type":114},"Patients with significant valvular disease may undergo valve repair or replacement, making assessment of the prosthesis function necessary for clinical evaluation.","Answer",{"name":116,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":117},"What imaging technique is recommended as the first-line evaluation method?",{"text":118,"@type":114},"Echocardiography is recommended as the first-line noninvasive method, starting with transthoracic imaging.",{"name":120,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":121},"How do advanced imaging modalities fit into the guideline?",{"text":122,"@type":114},"Two- and three-dimensional transesophageal echocardiography are used when further refinement is needed, and computed tomography and cardiac magnetic resonance are described as enhancing their roles in evaluating valvular heart disease.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":125,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":127,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":129,"site_id":62},496250,1791036465,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":132},{"doc_id":129,"user_id":133,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":134,"doc_module":4,"category_id":34,"category_name":35,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":135,"file_id":136,"file_url":137,"file_type":138,"file_size":139,"view_count":105,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":140,"language":141,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":142,"faqs":143,"seo_title":144,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":145,"read_time":146,"preview_page_count":4},1099523882182,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_6f874abed73319feea01a86fa6f0fab8","GUIDELINES AND STANDARDS  \nGuidelines for the Evaluation of Prosthetic  Valve Function With Cardiovascular Imaging:  \nA Report From the American Society of  \nEchocardiography Developed in  \nCollaboration With the Society for Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance and the Society of Cardiovascular Computed  \nTomography  \nWilliam A. Zoghbi, MD (Chair), Pei-Ni Jone, MD (Co-Chair), Mohammed A. Chamsi-Pasha, MD,  \nTiffany Chen, MD, Keith A. Collins, MS, RDCS, Milind Y. Desai, MD, MBA, Paul Grayburn, MD, Daniel W. Groves, MD, Rebecca T. Hahn, MD, Stephen H. Little, MD, Eric Kruse, RDCS, Danita Sanborn, MD, Sangeeta B. Shah, MD, Lissa Sugeng, MD, Madhav Swaminathan, MD, MBBS, Jeremy Thaden, MD, Paaladinesh Thavendiranathan, MD, SM, Wendy Tsang, MD, SM, Jonathan R. Weir-McCall, MD, MBChB, PhD, and Edward Gill, MD, Houston and Dallas, Texas; Chicago, Illinois; Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; Cleveland, Ohio; Aurora, Colorado; New York and Manhasset, New York; Boston, Massachusetts; Richmond, Virginia; Durham, North Carolina; Rochester, Minnesota; Toronto, Ontario, Canada; and Cambridge, United Kingdom  \nIn patients with significant cardiac valvular disease, intervention with either valve repair or valve replacement may be inevitable. Although valve repair is frequently performed, especially for mitral and tricuspid regurgitation, valve replacement remains common, particularly in adults. Diagnostic methods are often needed to assess the function of the prosthesis. Echocardiography is the first-line method for noninvasive evaluation of prosthetic valve function. The transthoracic approach is complemented with two-dimensional and threedimensional transesophageal echocardiography for further refinement of valve morphology and function when needed. More recently, advances in computed tomography and cardiac magnetic resonance have enhanced their roles in evaluating valvular heart disease. This document offers a review of the echocardiographic techniques used and provides recommendations and general guidelines for evaluation of prosthetic  \nFrom the Houston Methodist Hospital, DeBakey Heart & Vascular Center, Houston, Texas (W.A.Z. , M.C.-P. , S.H.L.); Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children’s Hospital of Chicago, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois (P.-N.J.); Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Perelman Center for Advanced Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (T.C.); Northwestern Medicine Healthcare, Chicago, Illinois (K.A.C.); Heart and Vascular Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (M.Y.D.); Baylor Scott & White Health, University of Texas Southwestern, Dallas, Texas (P.G.); UC Health Heart and Vascular Center, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado (D.W.G.); Columbia Structural Heart & Valve Center, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York (R.T.H.); Heart & Vascular Imaging Services, University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois (E.K.); Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (D.S.); VCU Pauley Heart Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia (S.B.S.); Northwell Health Physician Partners Cardiology, North Shore University Hospital, Manhasset, New York (L.S.); Cardiothoracic Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina (M.S.); Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota (J.T.); Toronto General Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (P.T.); Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (W.T.); Department of Radiology, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge, United Kingdom (J.R.W.-M.); and Anschutz Medical Campus, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado(E.G.) .  \nThe following authors reported no actual or potential conflicts of interest in relation to this document: William A. Zoghbi, MD, Pei-Ni Jone, MD, Mohammed A. Chamsi-Pasha, MD, Tiffany Chen,","cbCaidwxNR0lItTZ","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaidwxNR0lItTZ","pdf",9964384,62,"English","# Guidelines and Standards\n## Evaluation approach for prosthetic valve function\n## Echocardiography techniques (transthoracic and transesophageal)\n## Role of CT and cardiac magnetic resonance","[{\"question\":\"Why are diagnostic methods needed for prosthetic valve function?\",\"answer\":\"Patients with significant valvular disease may undergo valve repair or replacement, making assessment of the prosthesis function necessary for clinical evaluation.\"},{\"question\":\"What imaging technique is recommended as the first-line evaluation method?\",\"answer\":\"Echocardiography is recommended as the first-line noninvasive method, starting with transthoracic imaging.\"},{\"question\":\"How do advanced imaging modalities fit into the guideline?\",\"answer\":\"Two- and three-dimensional transesophageal echocardiography are used when further refinement is needed, and computed tomography and cardiac magnetic resonance are described as enhancing their roles in evaluating valvular heart disease.\"}]","Guidelines for the Evaluation of Prosthetic Valve Function With Cardiovascular Imaging | PDF",1790929875,156]