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The document outlines foundational principles of validity, fairness, reliability, and measurement precision, and distinguishes testing contexts such as high-stakes versus low-stakes environments. It then details technology-based assessment practices, including test development, technology-enhanced items, gamification, universal test design, integration with instruction, and item authoring and review.",{"@graph":69,"@context":123},[70,84,106],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":20,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/exam/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/guidelines-for-technology-based-assessment-part-1-introduction-and-background/530176/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/guidelines-for-technology-based-assessment-part-1-introduction-and-background/530176.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"moss~","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-11-11","2026-10-09",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":105},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",11,{"@type":107,"mainEntity":108},"FAQPage",[109,115,119],{"name":110,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":112},"What core principles guide technology-based assessments in these guidelines?","Question",{"text":113,"@type":114},"The guidelines emphasize validity and fairness, construct underrepresentation and construct-irrelevant variance, and reliability with measurement precision.","Answer",{"name":116,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":117},"How do the guidelines define different testing contexts?",{"text":118,"@type":114},"They distinguish testing contexts between high-stakes and low-stakes environments to support appropriate use of assessment technology.",{"name":120,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":121},"What topics are covered under test development?",{"text":122,"@type":114},"Test development sections include planning for technology-based assessments, technology-enhanced items, gamification and virtual performance assessments, universal test design, integrating assessments with instruction, and item authoring and review.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":125,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":127,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":129,"site_id":62},530176,1791556894,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":132},{"doc_id":129,"user_id":133,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":134,"doc_module":4,"category_id":19,"category_name":20,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":135,"file_id":136,"file_url":137,"file_type":138,"file_size":139,"view_count":105,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":140,"language":141,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":142,"faqs":143,"seo_title":144,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":145,"read_time":146,"preview_page_count":4},962090895452,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_a8503ba1806abce46bf441b54a3ca4cd","Guidelines for Technology-Based Assessment  \nInternational Test Commission and Association of Test Publishers  \nCopyright ©2022 by the International Test Commission and the Association of Test Publishers. All rights reserved.  \nPublished by the  \nAssociation of Test Publishers  \n601 Pennsylvania Ave., N.W., Suite 900 Washington D.C. 20004  \nand the  \nInternational Test Commission 77-79 The Courtyard  \nHemel Hempstead England  \nHP1 1LF  \nISBN 979-8-88862-517-0  \nSuggested Citation:  \nInternational Test Commission and Association of Test Publishers (2022) . Guidelines for technology-based assessment. [https://www.intestcom.org/page/28](https://www.intestcom.org/page/28 and)[ and](https://www.intestcom.org/page/28 and) [https://www.testpublishers.org/white-papers](https://www.testpublishers.org/white-papers)  \nGuidelines  \nfor Technology-Based Assessment  \nInternational Test Commission and Association of Test Publishers  \nCONTENTS  \nPREFACE .................................................................................................................................................... v  \n[ACKNOWLEDGMENTS](ACKNOWLEDGMENTS .......................................................................................................................... vi)[ .......................................................................................................................... vi](ACKNOWLEDGMENTS .......................................................................................................................... vi)  \n[PART I. INTRODUCTION AND BACKGROUND](PART I. INTRODUCTION AND BACKGROUND.............................................................................)[.............................................................................](PART I. INTRODUCTION AND BACKGROUND.............................................................................). 1  \nPurpose of the Guidelines ........................................................................................................................ 1  \nRationale and Salient Issues ................................................................................................................ 1  \nScope of the Guidelines ....................................................................................................................... 2  \nAudience ............................................................................................................................................... 2  \nFoundational Documents and References .............................................................................................. 5  \nPART II . FOUNDATIONAL CONCEPTS AND CONSIDERATIONS ............................................ 7  \nValidity and Fairness ................................................................................................................................ 7  \nConstruct Underrepresentation/Construct-Irrelevant Variance ........................................................ 7  \nReliability and Measurement Precision............................................................................................... 8  \nTesting Contexts: High-Stakes, Low-Stakes ............................................................................................. 9  \nPART III. GUIDELINES FOR TECHNOLOGY-BASED ASSESSMENT ..................................... 10  \n1. TEST DEVELOPMENT ...................................................................................................................... 10  \nBackground ............................................................................................................................................. 10  \nPlanning for Technology-Based Assessments ................................................................................... 10  \nTechnology-Enhanced Items (TEIs) .................................................................................................... 11  \nGamification, Game-Based Assessment, and Virtual Pe","cbCaisKjlbtEFkAf","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaisKjlbtEFkAf","pdf",2131916,175,"English","# Preface\n# Part I. Introduction and Background\n## Purpose of the Guidelines\n## Rationale and Salient Issues\n## Scope of the Guidelines\n## Audience\n## Foundational Documents and References\n# Part II. Foundational Concepts and Considerations\n## Validity and Fairness\n## Construct Underrepresentation/Construct-Irrelevant Variance\n## Reliability and Measurement Precision\n## Testing Contexts: High-Stakes, Low-Stakes\n# Part III. Guidelines for Technology-Based Assessment\n## 1. Test Development\n## 2. Test Design and Assembly","[{\"question\":\"What core principles guide technology-based assessments in these guidelines?\",\"answer\":\"The guidelines emphasize validity and fairness, construct underrepresentation and construct-irrelevant variance, and reliability with measurement precision.\"},{\"question\":\"How do the guidelines define different testing contexts?\",\"answer\":\"They distinguish testing contexts between high-stakes and low-stakes environments to support appropriate use of assessment technology.\"},{\"question\":\"What topics are covered under test development?\",\"answer\":\"Test development sections include planning for technology-based assessments, technology-enhanced items, gamification and virtual performance assessments, universal test design, integrating assessments with instruction, and item authoring and review.\"}]","Guidelines for Technology-Based Assessment - Part 1 - Introduction and Background | PDF",1791522723,441]