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Examination in Adults: Recommendations from the American Society of Echocardiography  \nCarol Mitchell, PhD, ACS, RDMS, RDCS, RVT, RT(R), FASE, Co-Chair, Peter S. Rahko, MD, FASE, Co-Chair, Lori A. Blauwet, MD, FASE, Barry Canaday, RN, MS, RDCS, RCS, FASE, Joshua A. Finstuen, MA, RT(R), RDCS, FASE, Michael C. Foster, BA, RCS, RCCS, RDCS, FASE, Kenneth Horton, ACS, RCS, FASE, Kofo O. Ogunyankin, MD, FASE, Richard A. Palma, BS, RDCS, RCS, ACS, FASE, and Eric J. Velazquez, MD, FASE, Madison, Wisconsin; Rochester, Minnesota; Klamath Falls, Oregon; Durham, North Carolina; Salt Lake City,  \nUtah; Ikoyi, Lagos, Nigeria; and Hartford, Connecticut  \nThis document is endorsedbythe followingAmerican Society ofEchocardiography International Alliance Partners: Argentine Federation of Cardiology, Argentine Society of Cardiology, ASEAN Society of Echocardiography, Australasian Sonographers Association, British Society of Echocardiography, Canadian Society of Echocardiography, Chinese Society of Echocardiography, Department of Cardiovascular Imaging of the Brazilian Society of Cardiology, Indian Academy of Echocardiography, Indian Association of Cardiovascular Thoracic Anaesthesiologists, Indonesian Society of Echocardiography, InterAmerican Association of Echocardiography, Iranian Society of Echocardiography, IsraelWork Group on Echocardiography, Italian Association ofCardiothoracic Anaesthesiologists, Japanese Society of Echocardiography, Korean Society ofEchocardiography, National Society ofEchocardiography ofMexico, Philippine Society of Echocardiography, Saudi Arabian Society of Echocardiography, Thai Society of Echocardiography,  \nVietnamese Society of Echocardiography.  \nKeywords: Transthoracic echocardiography, Doppler echocardiography, Color Doppler echocardiography, Comprehensive examination, Protocol  \nTABLE OF CONTENTS   \nI. Introduction 3  \nII. Nomenclature 4  \nA. Image Acquisition Windows 4  \nB. Scanning Maneuvers 5  \nC. Measurement Techniques 5  \nIII. Instrumentation 5  \nA. Two-Dimensional Imaging 5  \n1. Grayscale Maps 5  \n2. B-mode Colorization 6  \n3. Dynamic Range 6  \n4. Transmit Frequency 6  \n5. Harmonic Imaging 7  \n6. Sector Size and Depth 8  \n7. Transducer Beam Focus 8  \n8. Overall Gain and Time-Gain Compensation 8  \nFrom the University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin (C.M., P.S.R.); the Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota (L.A.B., J.A.F.); the Oregon Institute of Technology, Klamath Falls, Oregon (B.C.); Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina (M.C.F., E.J.V.); Intermountain Heart Institute, Intermountain Medical Center, Salt Lake City, Utah (K.H.); First Cardiology Consultants Hospital, Ikoyi, Lagos, Nigeria (K.O.O.); and St. Francis Hospital and Medical Center, Hartford, Connecticut (R.A. P.) .  \nThis document is endorsed by the following American Society of Echocardiography International Alliance Partners: the Cardiovascular Imaging Department of the Brazilian Society of Cardiology, the Chinese Society of Echocardiography, the Indian Academy of Echocardiography, the Japanese Society of Echocardiography, the InterAmerican Association of Echocardiography, the Italian Association of Cardiothoracic Anaesthesiologists.  \nThe following authors reported no actual or potential conflicts of interest in relation to this document: Peter S. Rahko, MD, FASE, Lori A. Blauwet, MD, FASE, Barry Canaday, RN, MS, RDCS, RCS, FASE, Joshua A. Finstuen, MA, RT(R), RDCS, FASE, Michael C. Foster, BA, RCS, RCCS, RDCS, FASE, Kenneth Horton, ACS, RCS, FASE, Kofo O. Ogunyankin, MD, FASE. The following authors reported relationships with one or more commercial interests: Carol Mitchell, PhD, ACS, RDMS, RDCS, RVT, RT(R), FASE, authored a textbook for Davies Publishing Inc., and authorship with royalties for Elsevier and Wolters-Kluwer. Richard A. Palma, BS,  \nRDCS, RCS, ACS, FASE, has served on the spe","cbCaiic1rxk6jTO9","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaiic1rxk6jTO9","pdf",14219154,64,"English","# Introduction\n# Nomenclature\n## Image Acquisition Windows\n## Scanning Maneuvers\n## Measurement Techniques\n# Instrumentation\n## Two-Dimensional Imaging\n### Grayscale Maps\n### B-mode Colorization\n### Dynamic Range\n### Transmit Frequency\n### Harmonic Imaging\n### Sector Size and Depth\n### Transducer Beam Focus\n### Overall Gain and Time-Gain Compensation","[{\"question\":\"What is the purpose of these transthoracic echocardiography guidelines for adults?\",\"answer\":\"They provide standardized recommendations for performing a comprehensive transthoracic echocardiographic examination in adults, covering terminology, acquisition steps, measurement techniques, and key imaging considerations.\"},{\"question\":\"Which parts of the examination are defined in the nomenclature section?\",\"answer\":\"The nomenclature includes image acquisition windows, scanning maneuvers, and measurement techniques, establishing consistent definitions for how the study is performed and assessed.\"},{\"question\":\"What instrumentation settings are addressed under two-dimensional imaging?\",\"answer\":\"The recommendations discuss grayscale maps, B-mode colorization, dynamic range, transmit frequency, harmonic imaging, sector size and depth, transducer beam focus, and overall gain with time-gain compensation.\"}]","Guidelines and Standards - Recommendations for a Comprehensive Transthoracic Echocardiographic Examination in Adults - from the American Society of Echocardiography | PDF",1790946205,161]