[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":3,"doc-seo-420458-105":59,"doc-detail-420458-en":130},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",[7,13,18,23,28,33,38,43,48,51,55],{"id":8,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":10,"show_sort_weight":11,"slug":12},1,"Document","Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":14,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":15,"show_sort_weight":16,"slug":17},2,"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":19,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":20,"show_sort_weight":21,"slug":22},4,"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":24,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":25,"show_sort_weight":26,"slug":27},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":29,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":30,"show_sort_weight":31,"slug":32},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":34,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":35,"show_sort_weight":36,"slug":37},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":39,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":40,"show_sort_weight":41,"slug":42},8,"Research & Report",30,"research-report",{"id":44,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":45,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":47},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":46,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":49,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":50},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":52,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":53,"show_sort_weight":52,"slug":54},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":56,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":57,"show_sort_weight":24,"slug":58},19,"General","general",{"code":4,"msg":60,"data":61},"ok",{"site_id":62,"language":63,"slug":64,"title":65,"keywords":66,"description":67,"schema_data":68,"social_meta":123,"head_meta":125,"extra_data":127,"updated_unix":129},105,"en","granulocytes-and-their-involvement-in-the-foreign-body-response-to-biomaterials-and-tissue-repair-review","Granulocytes and their Involvement in the Foreign Body Response to Biomaterials and Tissue Repair - review","","Granulocytes are increasingly recognized as key regulators of the foreign body response (FBR) to biomaterials and as determinants of regenerative outcomes. This review synthesizes evidence on neutrophils, basophils, and eosinophils across biomaterial-associated inflammation and tissue remodeling, emphasizing protein adsorption, cytokine release, and downstream effects in bone substitutes, collagen scaffolds, titanium, magnesium, and synthetic polymers. It highlights context-dependent roles in remodeling, fibrosis, vascularization, and implant performance, and proposes granulocyte-informed design to steer inflammatory cascades toward predictable regeneration.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":35,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/healthcare/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/granulocytes-and-their-involvement-in-the-foreign-body-response-to-biomaterials-and-tissue-repair-review/420458/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/granulocytes-and-their-involvement-in-the-foreign-body-response-to-biomaterials-and-tissue-repair-review/420458.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"anakgang17","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-30","2026-09-28",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":52},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"How do granulocytes influence the foreign body response (FBR) to biomaterials?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"Granulocytes modulate the FBR to biomaterials and can determine regenerative outcomes by shaping inflammation and tissue remodeling through mediator release and cell-dependent effects.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"What mechanisms are highlighted for neutrophils in biomaterial-associated outcomes?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"Neutrophils contribute to acute-phase responses via reactive oxygen species, proteases, and neutrophil extracellular traps, which can support remodeling or promote fibrosis and implant failure.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"How are eosinophils and basophils involved in biomaterial-related inflammation and regeneration?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"Basophils, though rare, release histamine and Th2 cytokines that can enhance angiogenesis but also contribute to fibrotic encapsulation. Eosinophils are recruited in material-dependent patterns, releasing cytotoxic granules and pro-regenerative mediators, functioning as regulators of degradation, fibrosis, and vascularization.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},420458,1790695058,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":34,"category_name":35,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":52,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":139,"language":140,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":141,"faqs":142,"seo_title":143,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":144,"read_time":36,"preview_page_count":4},962090883568,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_a8503ba1806abce46bf441b54a3ca4cd","doi: 10.21873/invivo.14168  \nReview  \nGranulocytes and their Involvement in the Foreign Body Response to Biomaterials and Tissue Repair  \nMIKE BARBECK and OLE JUNG  \nClinic and Policlinic for Dermatology and Venereology, University Medical Center Rostock, Rostock, Germany  \nAbstract  \nGranulocytes, long considered short-lived effector cells, are increasingly recognized as key modulators ofthe foreign body response (FBR) to biomaterials and determinants of regenerative outcomes. This review summarizes current evidence on the roles of neutrophils, basophils, and eosinophils in biomaterial-associated inflammation and tissue remodeling. Particular focus is placed on protein adsorption, cytokine release, and downstream effects across diverse biomaterial classes, including bone substitutes, collagen scaffolds, titanium, magnesium, and synthetic polymers. Neutrophils dominate the acute phase through reactive oxygen species, proteases, and neutrophil extracellular traps, which can either support remodeling or drive fibrosis and implant failure. Basophils, though rare, release histamine and Th2 cytokines, enhancing angiogenesis but also contributing to fibrotic encapsulation. Eosinophils are recruited in material-dependent patterns, releasing cytotoxic granules and pro-regenerative mediators, thereby functioning as double-edged regulators of degradation, fibrosis, and vascularization. Overall, granulocytes act as critical, though often overlooked, determinants of biomaterial integration. Incorporating granulocyte biology into biomaterial design –through modulation of surface chemistry, protein adsorption, and degradation kinetics– offers a promising path to guide inflammatory cascades toward constructive remodeling, angiogenesis, and predictable clinical performance.  \nKeywords: Granulocytes, biomaterials, foreign body response, tissue regeneration, immunomodulation, review.  \nIntroduction  \nEvery biomaterial implanted into the human body elicitsa specific cellular and tissue response, commonly referred to asthe foreign body response to biomaterials (1, 2) . This response includes injury, blood–material interactions, provisional matrix formation, and acute as  \nwell as chronic inflammation. These processes can be associated with granulation tissue formation, foreign body reactions characterized by multinucleated giant cells (MNGCs), and, in some cases, fibrosis and fibrous encapsulation (1, 2) .  \nThe first interaction after implantation is protein adsorption and the development of a blood-based  \n✉ Mike Barbeck, Clinic and Policlinic for Dermatology and Venereology, University Medical Center Rostock, Strempelstrasse  \n13, 18057 Rostock, Germany. Tel: +49 17681022467, [e mail: mike.barbeck@med.uni-rostock.de](e mail: mike.barbeck@med.uni-rostock.de)  \nReceived September 30, 2025 | Revised October 26, 2025 | Accepted October 29, 2025  \nThis is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.  \n©2026 The Author(s) . Anticancer Research is published by the International Institute of Anticancer Research.  \nprovisional matrix on the material surface (3) . This matrix formation is followed by acute and chronic inflammatory dynamics. During the acute phase, monocytes, macrophages, and polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs, i.e., neutrophilic granulocytes) play central roles, not only through phagocytosis but also by releasing cytokines that orchestrate subsequent immune events (4). Even in the case of resorbable biomaterials such as bone substitutes or collagen matrices, acute inflammation often transitions into a chronic state, persisting in the form of granulation tissue until complete material degradation is achieved (5).  \nMaterial-induced chronic tissue reactions have traditionally been associated with adverse outcomes, such as fibrosis and fibrous encapsulation, which may impair implant integratio","cbCaigPPU6kSH3YP","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaigPPU6kSH3YP","pdf",1505970,16,"English","# Abstract\n# Introduction\n# Basic Knowledge About Granulocyte Subtypes\n## Neutrophilic granulocytes","[{\"question\":\"How do granulocytes influence the foreign body response (FBR) to biomaterials?\",\"answer\":\"Granulocytes modulate the FBR to biomaterials and can determine regenerative outcomes by shaping inflammation and tissue remodeling through mediator release and cell-dependent effects.\"},{\"question\":\"What mechanisms are highlighted for neutrophils in biomaterial-associated outcomes?\",\"answer\":\"Neutrophils contribute to acute-phase responses via reactive oxygen species, proteases, and neutrophil extracellular traps, which can support remodeling or promote fibrosis and implant failure.\"},{\"question\":\"How are eosinophils and basophils involved in biomaterial-related inflammation and regeneration?\",\"answer\":\"Basophils, though rare, release histamine and Th2 cytokines that can enhance angiogenesis but also contribute to fibrotic encapsulation. Eosinophils are recruited in material-dependent patterns, releasing cytotoxic granules and pro-regenerative mediators, functioning as regulators of degradation, fibrosis, and vascularization.\"}]","Granulocytes and their Involvement in the Foreign Body Response to Biomaterials and Tissue Repair - review | PDF",1790621059]