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The speakers argue that government should not invade business, emphasizing private enterprise as the engine of national progress and warning that public ownership leads to inefficiency, duplication of effort, economic waste, and reduced 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is the main question discussed regarding merchant shipping?","Question",{"text":111,"@type":112},"Whether the merchant marine should be government-owned and operated or left under private ownership and operation.","Answer",{"name":114,"@type":109,"acceptedAnswer":115},"Why does the speaker oppose government entering business fields?",{"text":116,"@type":112},"Because it is argued that government involvement leads to inefficiency, duplication of effort, economic waste, and discourages self-reliance and enterprise.",{"name":118,"@type":109,"acceptedAnswer":119},"What principle is used to justify private enterprise in the discussion?",{"text":120,"@type":112},"The discussion frames private enterprise as the American principle that guarantees a fair field and equal opportunity, encouraging individual initiative and private 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DIVISIONBIBLIOGRAPHIC MICROFORM TARGET\n\nOBIGINAL MATERIAL AS FILMED·EXISTING BIBLIOGRAPHIC RECORD  \nReproductions may not be made without permission from Columbia University Libraries.                  \nRESTRICTIONS ON USE:  \n# TECHNICAL MICROFORM DATA\n\nFILM SIZE:          35mmREDUCTION RATIO:          10:/  \nIIB  \nIMAGE PLACEMENT:IA  \nDATE FILMED:                  59  INITIALS:         M  \n           23980                  \n## TRACKING\\#:\n\nFILMED BY PRESERVATION RESOURCES,BETHLEHEM,PA.  \n# Government or Private Owner-ship of Merchant Shipping\n\n## ADDRESS\n\nbyVice President,United Gas Improvement Co.,Philadelphia,Pa.andDISCUSSION BYWILLIAM J.DEANCommissioner,Foreign Trade and Port Development,Charleston,S.C.MALCOLM STEWARTPresident,Barnes-Ames Company,New York,N.Y.IRA A.CAMPBELLGeneral Counsel,American SteamshipOwners'Association,New York,N.Y.WILLIAMH.DOUGLASNew York,N.Y.(Z0×24  \nPhilip H.Gadsden  \nPresident,Nicols,Dean and Gregg,St.Paul,MinnR.S.MacELWEE  \nCincinnati Chamber of Commerce,Cincinnati,Ohio  \nH.N.LAWRIE  \nChamber of Commerce,Portland,Ore.T.V.oCONNOR  \nChairman UnitedStates Shipping BoardJULIUS H.BARNES  \nFIFTEENTH ANNUAL MEETINGChamber of Commerceof theUnited States  \n1159  \nmarclt5193o A/  \n# Government or Private Ownership ofMerchant Shipping?\n\nFollowing is a record of the discussion of government owner-ship of merchant shipping at the Transportation and CommunicationSession,May 4,1927,of the Fiftenth Anual Meeting of the Cham-ber of Commerce of the United States.\"  \nChairman Dean(William J.Dean,President,Nicols,Dean andGregg,St.Paul,Minn.)Our next speaker is a man who has loagbeen identified with the National Chamber,enjoying the unusual dis-tinction of having been elected a director from two different districts,first from the third district,from Charleston,S.C.,and,after alapse of one term,from the second district,embracing Philadelphia.He is at the present time chairman of the Field Department Ad-visory Committee,a member of the Executive Committee,of theCommittee on Finance,Budget and Audit,and of the GoverningBoard of the\"Nation's Business.\"  \nMr.Gadsden's broad vision and understanding of American busi-ness has made him one of the leaders in his own field.I take greatpleasure in presenting to you Mr.Philip H.Gadsdenvice presi-dent of the United Gas Improvement Company,of Philadelphia.  \nAddress by Philip H.Gadsden  \nMR.GADSDEN.Mr.Chairman and Gentlemen:I make no pre-tensions to any special knowledge of shipping matters,but am speak-ing as a business man deeply interested in everything to promotethe sound development of this country and conducive to the publicwelfare.  \nNo special familiarity with the problems of the shipping businessis needed by business men of America to pass judgment upon thepolicy of the government owning and operating a merchant marine.This is only a phase of a much larger question which at this time isgiving the business men of the United States concern,and that is,how far shall government invade the field of business?As I under-  \nstand the temper of the business men of this country,we are opposedto government entering into any phase of business,and we are look-ing hopefully to the time in the near future when the governmentwill retire from the shipping business and turn back this great field ofAmerican business into the hands of American business.  \n## THE AMERICAN PRINCIPLE OF PRIVATE ENTERPRISE\n\nThis government was organized on the theory of guaranteeing toits citizens a fair field and equal opportunity to work out theirdestinies,limited only by their own ability and industry and theirown moral character.We look with apprehension upon any andevery departure from this fundamental principle.We feel that thekind of government which has been set up,while admirably adaptedto prevent hasty and ill-considered action on matters of nationalpolic","cbCaidSA23zkohB6","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaidSA23zkohB6","pdf",1035820,18,"English","# Technical Microform Data\n## Film size and reduction ratio\n## Image placement and date filmed\n# Government or Private Ownership of Merchant Shipping?\n## Address by Philip H. Gadsden\n## The American principle of private enterprise\n## Shipping policy of the National Chamber","[{\"question\":\"What is the main question discussed regarding merchant shipping?\",\"answer\":\"Whether the merchant marine should be government-owned and operated or left under private ownership and operation.\"},{\"question\":\"Why does the speaker oppose government entering business fields?\",\"answer\":\"Because it is argued that government involvement leads to inefficiency, duplication of effort, economic waste, and discourages self-reliance and enterprise.\"},{\"question\":\"What principle is used to justify private enterprise in the discussion?\",\"answer\":\"The discussion frames private enterprise as the American principle that guarantees a fair field and equal opportunity, encouraging individual initiative and private initiative.\"}]","Government or Private Ownership of Merchant Shipping? | PDF",45]