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Explains how Germanic invaders such as the Anglo-Saxons shaped society, law, settlement patterns, and the shift toward Christianity. Describes Alfred’s response to Viking invasions, including the burghal system and shires. Then outlines later English governance from the Norman Conquest through medieval legal developments under Henry II and the limits on royal authority established by Magna Carta, culminating in the Model Parliament of 1295.",{"@graph":69,"@context":121},[70,84,104],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":40,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/government-in-britannia-from-the-romans-to-the-model-parliament-613277/613277/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":98,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":99,"interactionStatistic":100},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/government-in-britannia-from-the-romans-to-the-model-parliament-613277/613277.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Aditya","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.presentationml.presentation","2026-10-19",true,{"@type":101,"interactionType":102,"userInteractionCount":8},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":103},"ViewAction",{"@type":105,"mainEntity":106},"FAQPage",[107,113,117],{"name":108,"@type":109,"acceptedAnswer":110},"When did Roman rule in Britannia begin and end?","Question",{"text":111,"@type":112},"Roman conquest began in 43 CE under Emperor Claudius, and Roman troops pulled out by 410 CE as Rome declined.","Answer",{"name":114,"@type":109,"acceptedAnswer":115},"Who were the Anglo-Saxons and how did they settle?",{"text":116,"@type":112},"The Anglo-Saxons were a collection of Germanic tribes such as Angles, Saxons, and Jutes. They invaded along eastern and southern coasts and settled mainly in farming villages.",{"name":118,"@type":109,"acceptedAnswer":119},"What was the Model Parliament of 1295 and why was it important?",{"text":120,"@type":112},"In November 1295, Edward I summoned bishops and nobles, plus two burgesses and two knights from each county. The mix of commoners and nobility became a model for later parliaments.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":123,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":125,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":127,"site_id":62},613277,1792402908,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":130},{"doc_id":127,"user_id":131,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":132,"doc_module":4,"category_id":39,"category_name":40,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":133,"file_id":134,"file_url":135,"file_type":136,"file_size":137,"view_count":8,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":138,"language":139,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":140,"faqs":141,"seo_title":142,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":143,"read_time":144},962085564549,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_085a072bc5b1113ac321206ff7593b45","Government in Britannia from the Romans to the Model Parliament\n© Student Handouts, Inc.\nwww.studenthandouts.com\nRoman Britain\nIsland of Britannia, and the native Britons who lived there, were ruled by the Roman empire\nConquered in 43 CE under Emperor Claudius\nRoman troops pulled out by 410 CE as Rome declined\nEstablished city of Londinium\nRuled according to Roman law\nGermanic tribes began invading Britannia in the early 400s as Rome declined\nThe Anglo-Saxons\nA collection of Germanic tribes (Angles, Saxons, Jutes, and more)\nFrom Angeln, Lower Saxony, Jutland peninsula, and elsewhere\nInvaded along the eastern and southern coasts\nSettled in farming villages rather than in trading cities\nPushed the bulk of native Britons to the west (to places like Cornwall and Wales)\nSpoke Old English\nEventually converted to Christianity\nHelmet found at the Sutton Hoo archaeological dig (a burial site).  It probably belonged to Raedwald of East Anglia (died circa 624 CE).\nKing Alfred’s Response to the Viking Invasions\nAnglo-Saxon kings ruled various kingdoms, like Sussex and Wessex\nAlfred of Wessex – became first English king, Alfred the Great\nHelped to repel Viking invasions which started circa 800 CE\nSet up the burghal system\nAlfred lived ca. 849-899, reigned 871-899\nBurghal System under the Anglo-Saxons\nBurhs (boroughs) established under Alfred the Great\nFortified towns\nExpensive to man and maintain\nShires\nAdministrative districts\nShire is synonymous with county\nShire was expected to pay for the support and maintenance of its borough\nShires were governed by a shire reeve, or sheriff\nReeve – Term dating back to Old English that means a representative of the crown\nDanelaw\nDanelaw describes the territory ruled by the Danes (Vikings), the treaties between the Danes and the Anglo-Saxons, and the laws of the Danish settlers\nWeregeld (were = man; geld = money) – payment for the death of a person\nThe higher the person’s rank, the higher the payment\nBut we would not recognize most of the Danish system of law and government\n11th-Century Kings of England\nNorman Conquest, 1066\nEdward the Confessor died without a clear heir\nPlenty of people wanted the throne\nHarold Godwinson ruled for most of 1066\nHis sister had been the wife of Edward the Confessor\nConsidered the last Anglo-Saxon king of England\nWilliam the Conqueror (William I)\nIllegitimate son of the Duke of Normandy and cousin of Edward the Confessor\nWon English throne from Harold Godwinson at the Battle of Hastings\nCrowned on Christmas Day, 1066\nEngland under William I\nCentralized government\nKept 1/5 of the land for himself and divided the rest among his loyal followers\nKing of England, but a vassal to the king of France (because of Normandy)\nWilliam I and the French lords under him spoke French\nDevelopment of Middle English (combination of Old English and French)\nReview Questions\nWhat group ruled the Britons from 43 to 410 CE?\nWhat group(s) invaded Britannia beginning in the early 400s?\nWhat group settled in England beginning around 800 CE?\nWhat was the burghal system?\nHow and why did the Normans conquer England in 1066?\nHow did William the Conqueror establish civilized government in England?\nHenry II (Ruled England, 1154-1189)\nHenry II married Eleanor of Aquitaine\nAdded Aquitaine to his lands in France\nHenry II’s development of the English legal system\nCircuit courts\nRoyal judges visited each part of the realm at least once a year\nThese royal judges heard legal cases and collected taxes\nSlowly, these judges started creating common law throughout the realm by using common sense and establishing precedent\nJury system\nNo more trial by combat, etc.\nLoyal, respected citizens  (men) who knew the parties in a dispute answered the judge’s questions regarding the case\nJuries became extremely popular and spread\nJuries were part of the royal court system only\nKing John (Ruled 1199-1216)\nHenry II was succeeded to the throne by his son, Richard the Lionheart\nRichard the Lionheart (Richard I) spent most of his t","cbCaihO9yTPH8PSy","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaihO9yTPH8PSy","pptx",3542497,15,"English","# Roman Britain\n# The Anglo-Saxons\n# Alfred’s Response to the Viking Invasions\n# Burghal System under the Anglo-Saxons\n# Shires\n# Danelaw and Weregeld\n# 11th-Century Kings of England\n# England under William I\n# Henry II and English Legal Development\n## Circuit courts\n## Jury system\n# King John and Foreign/Domestic Issues\n# Magna Carta (1215)\n# Model Parliament (1295)","[{\"question\":\"When did Roman rule in Britannia begin and end?\",\"answer\":\"Roman conquest began in 43 CE under Emperor Claudius, and Roman troops pulled out by 410 CE as Rome declined.\"},{\"question\":\"Who were the Anglo-Saxons and how did they settle?\",\"answer\":\"The Anglo-Saxons were a collection of Germanic tribes such as Angles, Saxons, and Jutes. They invaded along eastern and southern coasts and settled mainly in farming villages.\"},{\"question\":\"What was the Model Parliament of 1295 and why was it important?\",\"answer\":\"In November 1295, Edward I summoned bishops and nobles, plus two burgesses and two knights from each county. The mix of commoners and nobility became a model for later parliaments.\"}]","Government in Britannia from the Romans to the Model Parliament | PPTX",1792385089,38]