[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"doc-detail-41079-en":3,"doc-seo-41079-105":30,"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":91},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",{"doc_id":7,"user_id":8,"nickname":9,"user_avatar":10,"doc_module":4,"category_id":11,"category_name":12,"doc_title":13,"doc_description":14,"doc_content":15,"file_id":16,"file_url":17,"file_type":18,"file_size":19,"view_count":20,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":21,"is_downloadable":21,"audit_status":21,"page_count":22,"language":23,"language_code":24,"site_id":25,"html_lang":24,"table_of_contents":26,"faqs":27,"seo_title":13,"seo_description":14,"update_tm":28,"read_time":29},41079,13056703020460,"Valentina","https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/avatar/be000253dac470eee5d?_k=1778207105932848923",9,"Religion & Spirituality","God and the State - Michail Bakunin","Preface material for the first French edition of “God and the State” presents Michail Bakunin as a prominent revolutionary thinker defined by contempt for wealth, rank, and glory, and by lifelong commitment to the common cause of the Revolution. It emphasizes his broad influence across Russian students, German Dresden insurgents, exiled brothers, and other countries through propaganda, extensive correspondence, and unfinished yet forceful writings. The memoir is framed as a fragment that argues against divine authority, explains the human origin of governments, and evaluates entrusting society’s governance to science.","God and the State  \nMichail Bakunin  \n1882  \nPreface to the First French Edition  \nOne of us is soon to tell in all its details the story of the life of Michael Bakunin, but its general features are already sufficiently familiar. Friends and enemies know that this man was great in thought, will, persistent energy; they know also with what lofty contempt he looked down upon wealth, rank, glory, all the wretched ambitions which most human beings are base enough to entertain. A Russian gentleman related by marriage to the highest nobility of the empire, he was one of the first to enter that intrepid society of rebels who were able to release themselves from traditions, prejudices, race and class interests, and set their own comfort at naught. With them he fought the stern battle of life, aggravated by imprisonment, exile, all the dangers and all the sorrows that men of self-sacrifice have to undergo during their tormented existence.  \nA simple stone and a name mark the spot in the cemetery of Berne where was laid the body of Bakunin. Even that is perhaps too much to honor the memory of a worker who held vanities of  \ntoo much to honor the memory of a worker who held vanities of that sort in such slight esteem. His friends surely will raise to him no ostentatious tombstone or statue. They know with what a huge laugh he would have received them, had they spoken to him of a commemorative structure erected to his glory; they knew, too, that the true way to honor their dead is to continue their work — with the same ardor and perseverance that they themselves brought to it. In this case, indeed, a difficult task demanding all our efforts, for among the revolutionists of the present generation not one has labored more fervently in the common cause of the Revolution.  \nIn Russia among the students, in Germany among the insurgents of Dresden, in Siberia among his brothers in exile, in America, in England, in France, in Switzerland, in Italy, among all earnest  \nGod and the State Michail Bakunin Halaman 2  \nmen, his direct influence has been considerable. The originality of his ideas, the imagery and vehemence of his eloquence, his untiring zeal in propogandism, helped too by the natural majesty of his person and by a powerful vitality, gave Bakunin access to all the revolutionary groups, and his efforts left deep traces everywhere, even upon those who, after having welcomed him, thrust him out because of a difference of object or method. His correspondence was most extensive; he passed entire nights in preparing long letters to his friends in the revolutionary world, and some of these letters, written to strengthen the timid, arouse the sluggish, and outline plans of propagandism or revolt, took on the proportions of veritable volumes. These letters more than anything else explain the prodigious work of Bakunin in the revolutionary movement of the century. The pamphlets published by him, in Russian, French, and Italian, however important they may be, and however useful they may have been in spreading the new ideas, are the smallest part of Bakunin’s work.  \nThe present memoir,“God and the State,” is really a fragment of a letter or report. Composed in the same manner as most of Bakunin’s other writings, it has the same literary fault, lack of proportion; moreover it breaks off abruptly: we have searched in vain to discover the end of the manuscript. Bakunin never had the time necessary to finish all the tasks he undertook. One work was not completed when others were already under way.“My life itself is a fragment,” he said to those who criticized his writings. Nevertheless, the readers of “God and the State” certainly will not regret that Bakunin’s memoir, incomplete though it be, has been published. The questions discussed in it are treated decisively and with a singular vigor of logic. Rightly addressing himself only to his honest opponents, Bakunin demonstrates to them the emptiness of their belief in that divine authority on which all","cbCaip7EW0JsncUU","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaip7EW0JsncUU","pdf",733566,4,1,74,"English","en",105,"# Preface to the First French Edition\n## Bakunin’s life and reputation\n## Influence through correspondence and propaganda\n## The memoir’s nature and central arguments","[{\"question\":\"Who is Michail Bakunin as portrayed in the preface?\",\"answer\":\"Bakunin is described as a great thinker and persistent revolutionary whose energy and influence reached many countries. He is characterized by lofty contempt for wealth, rank, and glory and by devotion to the Revolutionary cause.\"},{\"question\":\"Why is the work “God and the State” presented as incomplete?\",\"answer\":\"The preface explains that the memoir is a fragment of a letter or report, composed in Bakunin’s typical style, and it breaks off abruptly because the manuscript’s end could not be found. Bakunin reportedly lacked the time to finish every task he undertook.\"},{\"question\":\"What main issues does Bakunin address in the memoir according to the preface?\",\"answer\":\"Bakunin is said to refute opponents’ belief in divine authority underlying temporal power and to argue for the purely human origin of governments. The text also discusses governance by science and considers the reliability and integrity of those who would rule.\"}]",1783318548,186,{"code":4,"msg":31,"data":32},"ok",{"site_id":25,"language":24,"slug":33,"title":13,"keywords":34,"description":14,"schema_data":35,"social_meta":86,"head_meta":88,"extra_data":90,"updated_unix":28},"god-and-the-state-michail-bakunin","",{"@graph":36,"@context":85},[37,53,68],{"@type":38,"itemListElement":39},"BreadcrumbList",[40,44,48,51],{"item":41,"name":42,"@type":43,"position":21},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":45,"name":46,"@type":43,"position":47},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/","Document",2,{"item":49,"name":12,"@type":43,"position":50},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/religion-spirituality/",3,{"item":52,"name":13,"@type":43,"position":20},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/god-and-the-state-michail-bakunin/41079/",{"url":52,"name":13,"@type":54,"author":55,"headline":13,"publisher":57,"fileFormat":60,"inLanguage":24,"description":14,"dateModified":61,"datePublished":62,"encodingFormat":60,"isAccessibleForFree":63,"interactionStatistic":64},"DigitalDocument",{"name":9,"@type":56},"Person",{"url":41,"name":58,"@type":59},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-07-12","2026-07-06",true,{"@type":65,"interactionType":66,"userInteractionCount":20},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":67},"ViewAction",{"@type":69,"mainEntity":70},"FAQPage",[71,77,81],{"name":72,"@type":73,"acceptedAnswer":74},"Who is Michail Bakunin as portrayed in the preface?","Question",{"text":75,"@type":76},"Bakunin is described as a great thinker and persistent revolutionary whose energy and influence reached many countries. He is characterized by lofty contempt for wealth, rank, and glory and by devotion to the Revolutionary cause.","Answer",{"name":78,"@type":73,"acceptedAnswer":79},"Why is the work “God and the State” presented as incomplete?",{"text":80,"@type":76},"The preface explains that the memoir is a fragment of a letter or report, composed in Bakunin’s typical style, and it breaks off abruptly because the manuscript’s end could not be found. Bakunin reportedly lacked the time to finish every task he undertook.",{"name":82,"@type":73,"acceptedAnswer":83},"What main issues does Bakunin address in the memoir according to the preface?",{"text":84,"@type":76},"Bakunin is said to refute opponents’ belief in divine authority underlying temporal power and to argue for the purely human origin of governments. 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