[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"doc-detail-84121-en":3,"doc-seo-84121-105":29,"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":90},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",{"doc_id":7,"user_id":8,"nickname":9,"user_avatar":10,"doc_module":4,"category_id":11,"category_name":12,"doc_title":13,"doc_description":14,"doc_content":15,"file_id":16,"file_url":17,"file_type":18,"file_size":19,"view_count":20,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":21,"is_downloadable":21,"audit_status":21,"page_count":11,"language":22,"language_code":23,"site_id":24,"html_lang":23,"table_of_contents":25,"faqs":26,"seo_title":13,"seo_description":14,"update_tm":27,"read_time":28},84121,687197207057,"Sage","https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_29158cc5080c5b710cf443261637dec0",8,"Research & Report","GlassTENG: Self-Powered Triboelectric Nanogenerator based Sensing of Pulse, Jaw, and Upper Facial Activity from Everyday Glasses","Smart glasses maintain near-continuous skin contact at multiple arterial and muscular sites, enabling promising physiological sensing. However, long-term quantified-self use is hindered by sensor–skin discomfort (e.g., gels and adhesives) and escalating power demands that increase battery size, weight, and maintenance. GlassTENG addresses these limits with an ultra-low-power design embedding three triboelectric nanogenerators into a glasses frame, capturing arterial pulse, jaw kinematics, and upper facial activity while remaining self-powered per sensor.","GlassTENG: Self-Powered Triboelectric Nanogenerator based Sensing of Pulse, Jaw, and Upper Facial Activity from  \nEveryday Glasses  \nRaj N. Dave∗  \n[rajdave2027@u.northwestern.edu](rajdave2027@u.northwestern.edu)[ ](rajdave2027@u.northwestern.edu)VAK Embodied Systems Lab, Northwestern University Evanston, Illinois, USA  \nJovanis Prodanich∗ Yung-ching Lai∗  \njovanisprodanich2026@u.northwestern.ed[ungching.lai@u.northwestern.edu](ungching.lai@u.northwestern.edu)  \nVAK Embodied Systems Lab, VAK Embodied Systems Lab,  \nNorthwestern University Northwestern University  \nEvanston, Illinois, USA Evanston, Illinois, USA  \nOscar Jakacki† [oscarjakacki2028@u.northwestern.edu](oscarjakacki2028@u.northwestern.edu)[ ](oscarjakacki2028@u.northwestern.edu)VAK Embodied Systems Lab, Northwestern University Evanston, Illinois, USA  \nStanley Lin† [stanleylin2028@u.northwestern.edu](stanleylin2028@u.northwestern.edu)[ ](stanleylin2028@u.northwestern.edu)VAK Embodied Systems Lab, Northwestern University Evanston, Illinois, USA  \nJack Thoene  \n[jackthoene2025@u.northwestern.edu](jackthoene2025@u.northwestern.edu)[ ](jackthoene2025@u.northwestern.edu)VAK Embodied Systems Lab, Northwestern University Evanston, Illinois, USA  \narXiv :2607 .06509v 1 [ cs .HC] 7 Jul 2026  \nNabil Alshurafa[nabil@northwestern.edu](nabil@northwestern.edu)[ ](nabil@northwestern.edu)Northwestern University Evanston, Illinois, USA  \nNivedita Arora  \n[nivedita@northwestern.edu](nivedita@northwestern.edu)[ ](nivedita@northwestern.edu)VAK Embodied Systems Lab, Northwestern University Evanston, Illinois, USA  \nFigure 1: GlassTENG embeds three custom-fabricated Triboelectric Nanogenerator (TENG) sensors into everyday glasses at three facial sites that are physiologically rich: nasal bridge, posterior temple, anterior temple . A 1.36􀁠W-per-channel high impedance analog front-end conditions the TENG’s voltage output, enabling simultaneous recovery of arterial pulse waveformsand six upper facial and jaw activity.  \nAbstract  \nSmart glasses maintain near-continuous skin contact at multiple arterial and muscular sites, making them a promising platform for physiological sensing. In practice, though, two factors make sustained daily wear and longitudinal deployment impractical for the quantified self: the discomfort of prolonged sensor–skin contact  \n∗ These authors contributed equally.†These authors contributed equally.  \n(e.g., gels and adhesives) and the sensor power demands that increase battery size, weight, and maintenance burden. We present GlassTENG, an ultra-low-power sensor that embeds three customfabricated triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) into a glasses frame at the angular artery on the nasal bridge, the superficial temporal artery on an extended arm, and the temporalis muscle at the temple. Each GlassTENG sensor is self-powered in transducing mechanical energy to electrical energy and consumes 1.36 􀁠W per sensor at  \nthe analog front-end. GlassTENG enables simultaneous capture of arterial pulse waveforms, jaw kinematics (e.g., clenching, tapping, eating), and upper facial activity (e.g., blinking, eyebrow movement) . In a 20-participant user study, we achieve 93.8% accuracy across six jaw and upper facial activities and estimate heart rate with a mean absolute error of 1.82 beats per minute (BPM) relative to aground-truth chest-strap sensor in 30s windows. Together, these results establish a future pathway toward a longitudinally worn, ultra-low-power, glasses-based physiological monitoring platform.  \nKeywords  \ntriboelectric nanogenerator, wearable sensing, smart glasses, ultralow-power, activity recognition, pulse sensing, jaw kinematics  \n1 Introduction  \nThe human face is a remarkably rich environment, offering varied anatomical vantage points to capture vital signs and complex actions such as heart rate [21], jaw kinematics [17, 19], eye movements [42], and facial expressions [24]. Everyday eyeglasses provide a convenient interface to capture these signals: worn da","cbCaiaESzJVw3IcB","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaiaESzJVw3IcB","pdf",4519025,4,1,"English","en",105,"# Introduction\n## Face-based physiological sensing via eyeglasses\n## Battery and energy constraints for longitudinal sensing\n## Energy harvesting budget for smart eyewear","[{\"question\":\"What problem does GlassTENG address for smart-glasses physiological sensing?\",\"answer\":\"Long-term daily wear is impractical due to discomfort from prolonged sensor–skin contact and the power demands that force larger batteries and extra maintenance.\"},{\"question\":\"How does GlassTENG power sensing in everyday glasses?\",\"answer\":\"GlassTENG embeds three custom-fabricated triboelectric nanogenerators into the glasses frame so the sensors are self-powered by converting mechanical energy into electrical energy.\"},{\"question\":\"What physiological signals does GlassTENG enable capturing simultaneously?\",\"answer\":\"It enables simultaneous measurement of arterial pulse waveforms, jaw kinematics (such as clenching, tapping, and eating), and upper facial activity (such as blinking and eyebrow movement).\"}]",1784193076,20,{"code":4,"msg":30,"data":31},"ok",{"site_id":24,"language":23,"slug":32,"title":13,"keywords":33,"description":14,"schema_data":34,"social_meta":85,"head_meta":87,"extra_data":89,"updated_unix":27},"glassteng-self-powered-triboelectric-nanogenerator-based-sensing-of-pulse-jaw-and-upper-facial-activity-from-everyday-glasses","",{"@graph":35,"@context":84},[36,52,67],{"@type":37,"itemListElement":38},"BreadcrumbList",[39,43,47,50],{"item":40,"name":41,"@type":42,"position":21},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":44,"name":45,"@type":42,"position":46},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/","Document",2,{"item":48,"name":12,"@type":42,"position":49},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/",3,{"item":51,"name":13,"@type":42,"position":20},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/glassteng-self-powered-triboelectric-nanogenerator-based-sensing-of-pulse-jaw-and-upper-facial-activity-from-everyday-glasses/84121/",{"url":51,"name":13,"@type":53,"author":54,"headline":13,"publisher":56,"fileFormat":59,"inLanguage":23,"description":14,"dateModified":60,"datePublished":61,"encodingFormat":59,"isAccessibleForFree":62,"interactionStatistic":63},"DigitalDocument",{"name":9,"@type":55},"Person",{"url":40,"name":57,"@type":58},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-07-28","2026-07-16",true,{"@type":64,"interactionType":65,"userInteractionCount":20},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":66},"ViewAction",{"@type":68,"mainEntity":69},"FAQPage",[70,76,80],{"name":71,"@type":72,"acceptedAnswer":73},"What problem does GlassTENG address for smart-glasses physiological sensing?","Question",{"text":74,"@type":75},"Long-term daily wear is impractical due to discomfort from prolonged sensor–skin contact and the power demands that force larger batteries and extra maintenance.","Answer",{"name":77,"@type":72,"acceptedAnswer":78},"How does GlassTENG power sensing in everyday glasses?",{"text":79,"@type":75},"GlassTENG embeds three custom-fabricated triboelectric nanogenerators into the glasses frame so the sensors are self-powered by converting mechanical energy into electrical energy.",{"name":81,"@type":72,"acceptedAnswer":82},"What physiological signals does GlassTENG enable capturing simultaneously?",{"text":83,"@type":75},"It enables simultaneous measurement of arterial pulse waveforms, jaw kinematics (such as clenching, tapping, and eating), and upper facial activity (such as blinking and eyebrow 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