[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"doc-detail-128999-en":3,"doc-seo-128999-105":31,"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":92},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",{"doc_id":7,"user_id":8,"nickname":9,"user_avatar":10,"doc_module":4,"category_id":11,"category_name":12,"doc_title":13,"doc_description":14,"doc_content":15,"file_id":16,"file_url":17,"file_type":18,"file_size":19,"view_count":20,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":21,"is_downloadable":21,"audit_status":21,"page_count":22,"language":23,"language_code":24,"site_id":25,"html_lang":24,"table_of_contents":26,"faqs":27,"seo_title":28,"seo_description":14,"update_tm":29,"read_time":30},128999,5909887256941,"Levi","https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_9964176cb1d06d4a9deccf72a44ae3dc",2,"Literature","George Orwell - The Ethics of Equality - Introduction","George Orwell: The Ethics of Equality examines Orwell’s ethical principles as a unifying thread across his writings and political commitments, offering an interpretation that is not limited to biography. Building on major formative experiences, it argues that philosophy plays a central explanatory role in understanding Orwell and his works. The text also critiques a common scholarly bias toward Nineteen Eighty-Four and redirects attention to Orwell’s novels, essays, reportage, columns, diaries, and letters as sources of normative claims.","George Orwell  \n[OceanofPDF.com](OceanofPDF.com)  \nPHILOSOPHICAL OUTSIDERS  \nPhilip Kitcher and Anjan Chakravartty, Series Editors  \n*  \nPhilosophical Outsiders explores philosophical contributions made by influential thinkers well known for their work beyond the orthodox philosophical canon, including those who have advanced the sciences, political or social thought, or the arts and humanities. Through engagement with philosophical reflection in works usually viewed in a different light, this series aims to expand and diversify the canon itself, and to initiate wide-ranging conversations between philosophy and other  \ntraditions of inquiry.  \n*  \nToni Morrison: Imagining Freedom  \nLawrie Balfour  \nGeorge Orwell: The Ethics of Equality  \nPeter Brian Barry  \n[OceanofPDF.com](OceanofPDF.com)  \nGeorge Orwell The Ethics ofEquality  \nPETER BRIAN BARRY  \n[OceanofPDF.com](OceanofPDF.com)  \nOxford University Press is a department of the University of Oxford. It furthers the University’s objective of excellence in research, scholarship, and education by publishing worldwide. Oxford is a registered trade mark of Oxford University Press in the UK and certain other countries.  \nPublished in the United States of America by Oxford University Press  \n198 Madison Avenue, New York, NY 10016, United States of America.  \n© Oxford University Press 2023  \nAll rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, without the prior permission in writing of Oxford University Press, or as expressly permitted by law, by license, or under terms agreed with the appropriate reproduction rights organization. Inquiries concerning reproduction outside the scope of the above should be sent to the Rights Department, Oxford University Press, at the address above.  \nYou must not circulate this work in any other form and you must impose this same condition on any  \nacquirer.  \nCIP data is on file at the Library of Congress  \nISBN 978–0–19–762740–2  \neISBN 978–0–19–762742–6  \nDOI: 10. 1093/oso/9780197627402 .001.0001  \n[OceanofPDF.com](OceanofPDF.com)  \nFor SebAshtyn. May he read more.  \n[OceanofPDF.com](OceanofPDF.com)  \nContents  \nIntroduction  \n1. George Orwell: Philosophical Outsider  \n2. George Orwell: The Age’s Advocate  \n3. Orwell on Free Will and Moral Responsibility  \n4. Orwellian Moral Psychology  \n5. Orwellian Decency  \n6. Orwell’s Egalitarianism  \n7. George Orwell and Left-Libertarianism  \n8. Orwell’s Incomplete Case for Socialism  \nA Note on Citations  \nIndex  \n[OceanofPDF.com](OceanofPDF.com)  \nIntroduction  \nGeorge Orwell: The Ethics of Equality is not a biography: several biographies have already been written and more are forthcoming, in spite of Orwell’s wish that no biography of his life be produced. Readers with some familiarity of the major events of Orwell’s life are at an advantage, since his ethics were shaped profoundly by crucial experiences: he was born abroad in India, named ‘Eric Blair,’ the son of a middling civil servant tasked with fostering the opium trade between England and its most lucrative colony; his youthful experiences with working-class children shaped his view of class and class dynamics; his time at St. Cyprian’s School, a preparatory school for boys, taught him hard lessons about class, wealth, punishment, and responsibility; his time at Eton was instrumental in fostering his intellectual development, his contrarian nature, his future literary contacts, and his strained relationship with literary elites; his service to the British Raj provided source material for early work and convinced him of the injustice of British colonialism, generating in him a feeling of guilt he had to expiate; his guilt led him to spend time with the down-and-outs of Paris and London and shaped his ethical sympathies; his early work led him to Wigan and to Spain, where he observed the ill treatment of the working class and temporary ascendency of the Spanish re","cbCaioum81gB7N2k","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaioum81gB7N2k","pdf",2738920,5,1,227,"English","en",105,"# Contents\n## Introduction\n## George Orwell: Philosophical Outsider\n## George Orwell: The Age’s Advocate\n## Orwell on Free Will and Moral Responsibility\n## Orwellian Moral Psychology\n## Orwellian Decency\n## Orwell’s Egalitarianism\n## George Orwell and Left-Libertarianism\n## Orwell’s Incomplete Case for Socialism\n## A Note on Citations\n## Index","[{\"question\":\"Is George Orwell: The Ethics of Equality written as a biography?\",\"answer\":\"No. The work argues that, while biography can clarify formative events, philosophy has an important role in explaining Orwell’s writings and politics.\"},{\"question\":\"What does the book claim about philosophy’s value for understanding Orwell?\",\"answer\":\"The book argues that philosophy helps readers better understand Orwell and that ethical principles are detectable throughout his corpus.\"},{\"question\":\"How does the book address common Orwell scholarship practices?\",\"answer\":\"It criticizes scholarship that focuses too heavily on one work, typically Nineteen Eighty-Four, and instead emphasizes Orwell’s broader output for normative statements.\"}]","George Orwell - 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