[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":3,"doc-seo-411979-105":59,"doc-detail-411979-en":130},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",[7,13,18,23,28,33,38,43,48,51,55],{"id":8,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":10,"show_sort_weight":11,"slug":12},1,"Document","Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":14,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":15,"show_sort_weight":16,"slug":17},2,"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":19,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":20,"show_sort_weight":21,"slug":22},4,"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":24,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":25,"show_sort_weight":26,"slug":27},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":29,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":30,"show_sort_weight":31,"slug":32},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":34,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":35,"show_sort_weight":36,"slug":37},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":39,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":40,"show_sort_weight":41,"slug":42},8,"Research & Report",30,"research-report",{"id":44,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":45,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":47},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":46,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":49,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":50},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":52,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":53,"show_sort_weight":52,"slug":54},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":56,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":57,"show_sort_weight":24,"slug":58},19,"General","general",{"code":4,"msg":60,"data":61},"ok",{"site_id":62,"language":63,"slug":64,"title":65,"keywords":66,"description":67,"schema_data":68,"social_meta":123,"head_meta":125,"extra_data":127,"updated_unix":129},105,"en","genotype-and-phenotype-lab-4-2021","Genotype and Phenotype - Lab 4 - 2021","","Lab 4 Genotype and Phenotype 2021 explains how genotype and phenotype relate to trait expression. It defines genotype as the combination of alleles at a specific locus, distinguishing homozygous and heterozygous states and describing dominance versus recessiveness. The lab contrasts phenotype as observable characteristics, emphasizing that phenotype depends not only on genotype but also on epigenetic modifications and environmental or lifestyle influences. Eye color and flamingo pigmentation are used as examples, and multiple genotyping techniques are listed including PCR and DNA microarray.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":35,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/healthcare/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/genotype-and-phenotype-lab-4-2021/411979/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/genotype-and-phenotype-lab-4-2021/411979.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"dabgoudw","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-22","2026-09-28",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":81},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"What is genotype and how is it determined at a locus?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"Genotype is the combination of alleles an individual has for a specific gene at a locus. It is homozygous when two identical alleles are inherited and heterozygous when two different alleles are inherited.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"How do dominant and recessive alleles affect observable traits?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"Alleles of the same gene can be autosomal dominant or recessive. A dominant allele is preferentially expressed over a recessive allele, which helps explain trait outcomes in examples like eye color.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"What influences phenotype besides genotype?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"Phenotype is the sum of observable characteristics and is influenced by genotype but not inherited directly. It can be shaped by epigenetic modifications and environmental or lifestyle factors, such as UV exposure affecting skin color.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},411979,1792182623,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":34,"category_name":35,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":81,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":24,"language":139,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":140,"faqs":141,"seo_title":142,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":143,"read_time":144,"preview_page_count":4},3985747860484,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_276721f389ce27ea32af1340a28f341c","Lab4 Genotype and Phenotype 2021  \n􀁸 Any organism is a by-product of both its genetic makeup and the environment. To understand this in detail, we must first appreciate some basic genetic vocabulary and concepts.  \nWhat is the definition of a genotype?  \n􀁸 In biology, a gene is a section of DNA that encodes a trait. The precise arrangement of nucleotides (each composed of a phosphate group, sugar and a base) in a gene can differ between copies of the same gene. Therefore, a gene can exist in different forms across organisms. These different forms are known as alleles. The exact fixed position on the chromosome that contains a particular gene is known as locus.  \n􀁸 A diploid organism either inherits two copies of the same allele or one copy of two different alleles from their parents. If an individual inherits two identical alleles, their genotype is said to be homozygous at that locus.  \n􀁸 However, if they possess two different alleles, their genotype is classed as heterozygous for that locus. Alleles of the same gene are either autosomal dominant or recessive. An autosomal dominant allele will always be preferentially expressed over a recessive allele.  \nThe subsequent combination of alleles that an individual possesses for a Specific gene is their genotype.  \nLab4 Genotype and Phenotype 2021  \nGenotype examples  \nLet’s look at a classic example – eye color.  \n􀁸 A gene encodes eye color.  \n􀁸 In this example, the allele is either brown, or blue, with one inherited from the mother, and the other inherited from the father.  \n􀁸 The brown allele is dominant (B), and the blue allele is recessive (b) . If the child inherits two different alleles (heterozygous) then they will have brown eyes. For the child to have blue eyes, they must be homozygous for the blue eye allele.  \nFigure 1: Inheritance chart detailing how an individual may inherit blue or brown eyes depending on the alleles carried by their parents, with the brown eye color allele being dominant and the blue eye color allele being recessive.  \nLab4 Genotype and Phenotype 2021  \nOther examples of genotype include:  \n􀁸 Hair color  \n􀁸 Height  \n􀁸 Shoe size  \nLab4 Genotype and Phenotype 2021  \nWhat is the definition of a phenotype?  \nThe sum of an organism’s observable characteristics is their phenotype. A key difference between phenotype and genotype is that, whilst genotype is inherited from an organism’s parents, the phenotype is not.  \nThe phenotype is influenced by the genotype and factors including:  \n􀁸 Epigenetic modifications  \n􀁸 Environmental and lifestyle factors  \nFigure 2: Flamingos are naturally white in color, it is only the pigments in the organisms that they eat that cause them to turn vibrantly pink.  \nPhenotype examples  \n􀁸 Flamingos are a classic example of how the environment influences the phenotype. Whilst renowned for being vibrantly pink, their natural  \nLab4 Genotype and Phenotype 2021  \ncolor is white – the pink color is caused by pigments in the organisms in their diet.  \n􀁸 A second example is an individual's skin color. Our genes control the amount and type of melanin that we produce, however, exposure to UV light in sunny climates causes the darkening of existing melanin and encourages increased melanogenesis and thus darker skin.  \nGenotyping Techniques:  \n• PCR  \n• DNA Microarray  \n• Allele-specific Oligonucleotide (ASO) Probes  \n• DNA Hybridization","cbCaikHaHsu9Auqp","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaikHaHsu9Auqp","pdf",418812,"English","# Genotype and Phenotype 2021\n## Genetic vocabulary and genotype definitions\n## Genotype examples (eye color, hair, height, shoe size)\n## Phenotype definition and influencing factors\n## Phenotype examples (flamingos, skin color)\n## Genotyping techniques (PCR, microarray, ASO probes, hybridization)","[{\"question\":\"What is genotype and how is it determined at a locus?\",\"answer\":\"Genotype is the combination of alleles an individual has for a specific gene at a locus. It is homozygous when two identical alleles are inherited and heterozygous when two different alleles are inherited.\"},{\"question\":\"How do dominant and recessive alleles affect observable traits?\",\"answer\":\"Alleles of the same gene can be autosomal dominant or recessive. A dominant allele is preferentially expressed over a recessive allele, which helps explain trait outcomes in examples like eye color.\"},{\"question\":\"What influences phenotype besides genotype?\",\"answer\":\"Phenotype is the sum of observable characteristics and is influenced by genotype but not inherited directly. It can be shaped by epigenetic modifications and environmental or lifestyle factors, such as UV exposure affecting skin color.\"}]","Genotype and Phenotype - Lab 4 - 2021 | PDF",1790590159,13]